Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum CEA levels were determined serially by the Hansen Z gel technique on 41 patients with carcinoma of the esophagus and compared to 276 controls. Seventy percent of patients with carcinomas of the esophagus had elevated CEA levels. CEA levels greater than 10.0 ng/ml after therapy correlated with significantly shortened survival. CEA appears promising as an indicator of tumor presence in patients with carcinoma of the esophagus.
 ...
PMID:CEA levels in patients with carcinoma of the esophagus. 70 20

Plasma CEA levels have been determined in 92 normal women and 768 women with benign or malignant breast diseases. Only one of 92 normal women had a CEA level above 5 ng/ml. Of 253 women with benign breast diseases (gross cystic disease, adenofibroma, fibrosis, etc.) only one had a CEA level above 5 ng/ml. Ninety-four percent of the above two groups of women had CEA levels below 3 ng/ml. Of 164 women operated upon for Columbia Clinical Classification Stage A or B breast carcinoma, preoperative CEA levels were above 5 ng/ml in seven (4%). Patients with a preoperative CEA level above 3 ng/ml seemed to have an increased incidence of tumor recurrence. Elevated CEA levels (greater than 10 ng/ml) in our postmastectomy population of 288 patients have correlated with development of metastases in 14 of 46 subjects. Of 216 patients under treatment for metastatic breast carcinoma, CEA levels above 10 ng/ml have been detected in 15 percent of patients with soft tissue metastases, 38% of patients with visceral metastases and 50% of patients with osseous metastases. Of metastatic breast carcinoma patients with CEA levels above 10 ng/ml serial measurements have correlated with the patients response to therapy, progressively increasing in treatment failures and decreasing in treatment responders.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of carcinoembryonic antigen as a plasma monitor for human breast carcinoma. 70 23

Urine CEA levels of sixty six cystectomy patients with urinary tract reconstruction using the small or large bowel was evaluated. Most of them had abnormally high CEA levels regardless of bladder tumor recurrence. Ileal conduit cases showed higher CEA levels than those of colocystoplasty cases. We think this is probably due to difference of mucosal surface areas rather than of original location of the resected specimens, for the small bowel contains much wider mucosal surface in a length unit.
 ...
PMID:Urinary carcinoembryonic like antigen levels in patients with urinary tract reconstruction using bowels. 73 64

The carcino-embrionary antigen was estimated in 26 patients without malignant diseases (15 with inguinal hernia and 11 with urinary lithiasis--all of them before surgery), and in 47 patients with urothelial tumors. The direct radioimmune technique was used (a commercial kit from France /CEA IRE SORIN/) applied to isolated samples of sterile urine obtained at 12 hours. It was noted that:--patients without urologic disturbances had values under 1.5 micrograms in 12 hours in 93.4% of the cases;--in 44% of patients with non-malignant urological diseases (urinary lithiasis) the antigen values ranged between 1.5 and 3.0 micrograms in 12 hours;--patients with urothelial tumors had high values of the urinary carcinoembrionary antigen, in the range between 1.92 and 162.5 micrograms;--concentration of the urinary carcino-embionary antigen increases with the stage of the disease, with tumor polyploidia and in tumors with a high degree of anaplasia;--10--14 days after the removal of the tumor the values of the carcino-embrionary antigen show a significant decrease, even after total cystectomy but with cutaneous uretherostomy.
 ...
PMID:[Urinary carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with urothelial tumors. Correlations with the stage of the disease and the modal chromosome number]. 74 Sep 64

Preoperative and serial postoperative CEA determinations have become widely accepted tools to aid the early detection of recurrent colorectal cancer. The panel modification of the direct leukocyte migration test (LMT) has proved to be an excellent monitor in these tumor patients. In this study LMT and CEA-RIA were compared. Peripheral blood leukocytes were pulsed with a high dose (2.5 and 0.5 mg/ml) of 3 m KCl extracts of five different colorectal tumors as well as with one 3m KCL extract of normal colonic mucosa. Patients showing a pathologic migration index (less than 0.80 and greater than 1.17) of 3 or more out of five tumor extracts were considered to be "positives." With this test mode 51 of 59 (86%) patients with resectable tumors were reactive, while only 24 of 69 (41%) yielded elevated CEA values. Both LMT and CEA-RIA were positive in 12 of the 13 patients with nonresectable tumors. After curative surgery most patients' leukocyte migration and CEA values were in tne normal range. Of the nine patients with localized tumor recurrence, eight were LMT reactive and five showed elevated CEA values. Of five patients with distant metastases, four demonstrated a positive reaction in the LMT and five a rise in CEA levels. The combination of the LMT with the CEA-RIA promises to improve the detection of recurrent colorectal cancer before the appearance of clinical evidence of recurrence.
 ...
PMID:[Leukocyte migration test and determination of carcinoembryonic antigens in the postoperative follow-up care of colon and rectum carcinoma]. 75 90

Despite nonspecificity for the diagnosis of colon cancer, the assays for CEA widely studied to date may be useful in the management of patients with colorectal cancer by aiding detection of colonic cancer and especially of widespread metastases to the liver. Use of serial quantitative measurements may also be useful in determining persistence of residual or metastatic tumor after apparently complete surgical resection, in enabling detection of recurrence at an earlier stage than may be otherwise possible, and in helping to evaluate the effects of chemotherapy, provided that the assays are used only in context with complete clinical and laboratory findings, including cancer staging, histopathologic findings, assessment of liver status, and with appreciation of methodologic complexities. Both the further investigation of the clinical use of CEA and the intensified search for more specific markers are encouraged by the findings to date.
 ...
PMID:The present status of DEA in diagnosis, prognosis, and evaluation of therapy. 76 63

Currently, one could summarize this area by saying that we appear to be in a situation where three relatively nonspecific tests detect the majority of patients with metastatic disease, as well as those post-operative patients who are at high risk of relapse. The critical test of their utility for segregating those at risk for relapse from those who are not at high risk will need to be done in a highly select subgroup, e.g., N- patients. Two of these tests, CEA and hCG, also appear to be useful indicators for predicting the probability of responding to combination chemotherapy in metastatic disease. The development and further testing of potentially more specific markers to replace or add to the current matrix is now in progress, Casein, which is a product of the milk synthesis pathway of breast tissue, represents a potentially more specific test than any of those studied to date. HENDRICK and FRANCHIMONT, 1974, have found elevated levels in 21 of 26, or 81%, of patients with metastatic disease, and 8 of 11, or 73%, of patients preoperatively. The test may also reflect the tumor burden since the proportion of patients with elevated levels dropped to 41-50% postoperatively. Further results with this marker are awaited with interest. Other tests such as ferritin, hydroxyproline, or the development of tumor antigen associated immunospecific assays could increase both the specificity and sensitivity of the tests utilized in this field of investigation. Injecting the use of both single marker tests and matrix approaches into routine clinical use in the postoperative setting now appears to be ready for more critical testing. Their use in diagnostic or screening settings, which is the ultimate goal, also needs to be evaluated. Finally, from the practising clinician's viewpoint the data in this discussion should be considered preliminary. It constitutes a status report. Although there is evidence that CEA and hCG are prognostic in metastatic disease, and that subclinical disease is detectable, larger and more tightly controlled studies will be necessary before their routine clinical use can be recommended in breast cancer patients.
 ...
PMID:Biochemical markers in cancer of the breast. 79 22

The use of Con A-Sepharose affinity chromatography for preparation of CEA from two metastatic liver tumors resulted in a separation of two species of CEA. One is concanavalin A-reactive CEA (CEA-M): the other is Con A-nonreactive CEA (CEA-P). Both CEA-M and CEA-P were glycoproteins and have identical antigenicity. However, 4 samples of CEA-M and CEA-P subfractions differed in their protein:carbohydrate ratios. The yield of CEA-M was greater than that of CEA-P. In electrophoresis, both CEA-M and CEA-P migrated at the region of beta-globulin of human blood serum. The isoelectric points of 4 samples of CEA-M and CEA-P subfractions from two different tumor sources differed from each other. In these preparations CEA-M usually showed a larger value of isoelectric point than CEA-P. Ultracentrifugal analysis of these four preparations revealed only a single peak, except CEA-P in case 1. Antigenic activity of CEA-M was almost completely destroyed by beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase treatment but only partly digestion with pronase. A possibility was suggested that N-acetylglucosamine at nonreducing terminal(s) is essential for the antigenic determinant groups of CEA molecule.
 ...
PMID:Heterogeneity of carcinoembryonic antigen. I. Concanavalin A-reactive and -nonreactive CEA. 81 11

Precipitation tests using properly absorbed rabbit antisera revealed that PCA extracts of DMH-induced rat jejunal and colonic adenocarcinomas contain an antigen that is not detectable in extracts of normal rat tissue or other rat tumors. This rat tumor antigen was detected in extracts of normal rat colon by employing the much more sensitive procedure of tanned cell hemagglutination inhibition, however, the concentration of the antigen in tumor was about 250-fold higher than in normal colon. Similar to human CEA, the rat tumor antigen was found to be heat stable, contained glycoprotein, migrated as a beta-globulin, and appeared at a high concentration in fetal intestines, however, the rat tumor antigen was serologically distinct from human CEA.
 ...
PMID:A thermostable antigen characteristic for carcinogen-induced rat intestinal tumors. 81 15

Specimens from 93 patients with histologically confirmed tumors of the large bowel (53 single, 40 sequential determinations) were investigated by a new CEA radioimmunoassay (double antibody method, direct serum determination). Of the single and preoperative sequential determinations 37-40% were normal (below 2.5 ng/ml), one third was intermediately elevated (2.6-15 ng/ml) and 26-28% were highly pathological leveled (over 15 ng/ml). Following operation, cases with local or regionally confined tumor showed significantly more normal or normalizing CEA levels within 1-6 weeks (17/27), whereas patients with overt metastases developed more pathological or increasingly pathological levels (8/11).
 ...
PMID:[Determination of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with tumors of the large intestine. Experience with a new radioimmunoassay (author's transl)]. 81 66


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>