Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Partial biochemical characterization of several neural tissue specific antigens isolated from a murine glioblastoma cell line was accomplished by means of radioiodination of intact cells followed by immunoprecipitation of the cell lysate with a rabbit serum specific for neural tissue antigens. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the immunoprecipitate in sodium dodecyl sulfate resolved the labeled antigens into several major components: two proteins (or glycoproteins) having apparent m.w.'s of 84,000 and 120,000 and lipid associated components which may be heterogeneous. The protein and lipid associated components apparently possess independent antigenicity because after chloroformmethanol extraction the protein components can be immunoprecipitated from the aqueous phase and the lipid associated component can be immunoprecipitated from the organic phase. Despite their independent antigenicity it is not known whether the components may be noncovalently associated on the cell surface. Although some of these antigens can be isolated from brain or glioma cells (a related tumor), non can be demonstrated in lymphoid tissues or C1300 neuroblastoma cells using identical methods. Therefore, these studies confirm our previous findings concerning the specificity of the anti-NS-2 antiserum by using cytotoxicity tests.
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PMID:Partial characterization of nervous system-specific cell surface antigen(s) NS-2. 6 27

The surface antigenic characteristics of human glial brain tumor (HGBT) cells were studied by complement-dependent cytotoxic antibody assays and indirect membrane immunofluorescence. Eight permanent, well-characterized cell lines derived from human gliomas were used for analysis with antisera raised by hyperimmunization of nonhuman primates (Macaca fascicularis) with glioblastoma multiforme tissue or established HGBT cells lines. Exhaustive absorption of these antisera to remove predominantly antispecies activity rendered HLA nonreactive "preabsorbed" antisera, which reacted with a large panel of gliomatous and nongliomatous human tumor cells; 1 carcinoma, 2 sarcomas, 2 melanomas, 1 neuroblastoma, and 8 HGBT cell lines. Four lymphoblastoid lines and 2 carcinomas were unreactive. After further absorption with a human osteogenic sarcoma cell line, the antisera demonstrated significant levels of reactivity for 8 tested HGBT cell lines and no longer reacted with the nongliomatous cultured tumor cells lines. Therefore, extensive absorption of nonhuman primate anti-human glioma sera removed all activity for the nongliomatous cell lines tested, but it left significant reactivity against a glial tumor cell line-associated antigen(s) present on all 8 human glioma cell lines tested.
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PMID:Surface antigenic characteristics of human glial brain tumor cells. 7 98

Several authors have observed that the plasma levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with neuroblastoma were significantly elevated. The present study was undertaken to investigate the nature of CEA activity in neuroblastoma tissue. This tumor tissue contains a small amount of CEA-like substance reacting with anti-CEA serum which is characterized by gamma-globulin electrophoretic mobility, a molecular weight that is approximately equal to that of albumin (4.6S) by gel filtration, and a glycoprotein staining with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). According to the double immunodiffusion method, this antigen is partially identical to purified CEA of colon carcinoma, and is completely identical to nonspecific crossreacting antigen (NCA). This antigen is, therefore, referred to not as the CEA as described by Gold, but as NCA in neuroblastoma tissue. The elevation of plasma CEA activity in patients with neuroblastoma may be due to the release of NCA from tumor cells, or to the destruction tissues by metastasis, of normal which are rich in NCA, or to a combination of both.
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PMID:Immunologic and biochemical studies on the carcinoembryonic antigen-like substance in human neuroblastoma. 8 82

Lung tumor-associated antigens of approximately 32,000 daltons were recognized by the use of sensitive radioimmunoassays and rabbit antisera, one raised against an extract of pooled human malignant lung tissues and another raised against a cell line derived from a human squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. These antigens differ from antigens described previously, including carcinoembryonic antigen and alpha-fetoprotein. The antigens were detected on 13 of 13 lung tumors (of all histologic types), fetal tissue, normal brain, 2 of 8 colon tumors, 2 of 9 prostate tumors, and 2 of 3 breast tumors, as well as on cell lines derived from lung tumors, neuroblastoma, human amnion, colon adenocarcinoma, and bladder tumors. They were not detectable on normal lung, liver, kidney, colon, or prostate tissues or on cell lines derived from osteosarcoma, fetal lung fibroblasts, transitional cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Lung tumors of different histologic types were concluded to express common, tumor-associated oncofetal antigens that are found less often on tumors of other organs.
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PMID:Human lung tumor-associated antigens of 32,000 daltons molecular weight. 9 95

Among 31 long-term survivors of Ewing's sarcoma, two patients developed second primary cancers, compared to an expected number of 0.03 (relative risk = 72; 95% confidence limit = 8-259). One patient had renal medullary neuroblastoma, which is not known to be related to Ewing's tumor or its therapy. The second patient had a bone fibrosarcoma, arising at the primary tumor site, which was thought to be radiation-induced. The risk of radiation-induced bone sarcomas was lower, although not significantly so, than in a recently reported series of Ewing's tumor. These two reports suggest that patients with Ewing's sarcoma have a tendency to develop radiogenic sarcomas following primary megavoltage radiation therapy. The lowest radiation dose consistent with local tumor eradication should be employed to minimize the risk of subsequent radiogenic cancer.
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PMID:Subsequent cancer in patients with Ewing's sarcoma. 11 4

Immune reactions to tumor-specific and tumor-associated antigens have been demonstrated in animals with neoplasms with in vitro and in vovo techniques. Some of the antigens detected in vitro induce transplantation resistance in vivo, while others do not. Human neuroblastoma cells cultivated in vitro have been shown to possess common antigens to which lymphocytes from neuroblastoma patients react. Whether it is possible to augment the immune reactivity of patients with neuroblastoma to these common antigens and, if so, whether this heightened immune reactivity would have clinically beneficial effects are as yet unknown. These reactions are complex, involving both cellular and humoral mechanisms. The fact that one type of immune response can be detected to one type of antigen present in a tumor in vitro does not necessarily mean that the immune response is effective in vivo. Responses to other tumor antigens may be deficient, or the immune response may be depressed. This may be due to active suppression of and/or selective deficiencies in critical cell populations required for an augmented immune response; this possibility may be evaluated with techniques allowing for in vitro sensitization to tumor antigens.
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PMID:Immunity to tumor antigens: potential implications in human neuroblastoma. 13 46

One to three-month-old A-strain mice, inoculated subcutaneously with 2 x 10(6) viable syngeneic C1300 neuroblastoma cells (clone NB9R) developed a palpable tumor within 9-12 days and died within 28-30 days. A transient glomerulopathy developed after 16-24 days. Despite a normal histologic appearance, the nephropathy was clearly demonstrated by electron microscopy and was classified as a focal mesangiopathic glomerulonephritis. Deposits of host 7S-G immunoglobulins and C3 complement fragments were detected in these same kidneys by immunofluorescence. Radioimmunoprecipitin determinations on sera obtained from mice at different intervals from tumor cell inoculation, revealed that untreated mice contained circulating antibodies capable of reacting with 125I-labeled gp69-71 glycoprotein from Gross murine leukemia virus (MuLV). Antibodies to p30 MuLV antigen and to crude membrane antigen (s) (CMA) solubilized from NB9R cells were found in sera only after tumor cell inoculation. Circulating immune complexes formed by host 7S-G immunoglobulins were clearly detected from day 16 to 22. Antibodies eluted from kidneys with nephropathy were shown to react with NB9R cells in vitro and to react specifically with CMA and the p30 MuLV antigen.
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PMID:Antibody formation and transient immune complex glomerulopathy in A-strain mice with C1300 neuroblastoma tumors. 14 55

A cerebral neuroblastoma removed surgically from a female child is presented. Electron microscopy showed numerous neuronal processes with growth cones which are a feature of the developing neurone. In addition there were some rosettes with distinct lumina. The luminal surfaces were covered with a smooth plasma membrane lacking any surface differentiation and the lateral surface of these cells had many cell junctions (terminal bars), reminiscent of a primitive neural tube. These features in a nerve cell tumor help to substantiate it as a neuroblastoma arising from immature rather than differentiated cells. The nature of this rare tumor is discussed.
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PMID:Cerebral neuroblastoma. 15 41

We studied two children with neuroblastoma in whom hypercalcemia developed as the initial manifestation in one and during the course of therapy in the other. Serum parathyroid hormone activity was elevated in the patient in whom the test for it was performed. Mithramycin controlled the hypercalcemia in one patient and tumor resection with radiation therapy and chemotherapy was sufficient for control of this complication in the other.
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PMID:Hypercalcemia associated with neuroblastoma. 15 70

Adult A/J mice inoculated with 1 x 10(6) syngeneic C1300 neuroblastoma cells had a palpable tumor after 1 week, and the tumor grew uniformly. The hypertonic KCl extract of the tumor induced blastogenic response of syngeneic spleen cells from tumor-bearing mice, and tumor antigens were considered to be solubilized by KCl from tumor cells. Although a higher blastogenic response to insoluble tumor antigens coupled to Sepharose 4B beads could have been expected as demonstrated in this mixed lymphocyte-tumor cell reaction (MLTR) assays, the blastogenic activity, which was approximately equal to that of soluble tumor antigens, was less than one-third of that in MLTR. The initial information of blastogenic response was found to be transmitted to the responder cells with out the entrance of tumor antigens into the cells by the use of insoluble tumor antigens. Blastogenic responses to soluble tumor antigens and to irradiated tumor cells (MLTR) in spleen cells from tumor-bearing mice were serially assayed after tumor inoculation. The response to soluble tumor antigens reached a peak 2 weeks after inoculation but a progressive depression of the responses was observed after a marked tumor growth. Although the blastogenic activity of soluble tumor antigens was small, changes in consecutive response to soluble tumor antigens in tumor-bearing mice were well correlated with those in MLTR. The blastogenic responses to soluble tumor antigens and MLTR were considered to be the manifestation of tumor-specific cell-mediated immunity. Furthermore, the serial blastogenic responses to concanavalin-A and lipopolysaccharide were also coincident with those of tumor-specific immunity.
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PMID:Blastogenic response of spleen cells from C1300 neuroblastoma-bearing mice to tumor cells or soluble and insoluble tumor antigens. 15 10


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