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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This was a 60 year old woman, with a very large retro-pharyngeal tumour, mainly situated on the right, revealed by chronic decompensated respiratory failure. Admission to hospital was justified by deep coma with cyanosis of the face and extremities. She had taken 50 mg of Oxazepam the day before admission to hospital. This coma was due to chronic respiratory failure decompensated, as suggested by clinical and laboratory examination after elimination of any traumatic, neurological, endocrine or metabolic disorder. Intubation, rendered difficult by the retro-pharyngeal tumour and assisted ventilation permitted recovery of normal consciousness within 48 hours. This bi-lobed and encapsulated tumor was completely removed after full radiological assessment which showed the absence of any bony lesions. Histology suggested that this was a benign lipoma. The course was very rapidly favourable with a definite improvement in respiratory function one year after the surgical operation.
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PMID:Lack of a significant protective effect of augmented circulating glucose on the ischemic myocardium. 1 Aug 21

We have reexamined the heterogeneity shown by histidine in its uptake by the Ehrlich ascites tumor cell, in the face of a contradiction of our earlier interpretation. We again find the fraction of histidine uptake at neutral pH inhibitable by the model substrate for System A, 2-(methylamino)-isobutyric acid, to be fully dependent on the presence of Na+ or Li+. The small Na+ -independent component not attributable to System L can be identified with System Ly+ through its inhibitability by homoarginine. This component increases as the pH is lowered with an apparent pK' a of 6.1. The simultaneous decrease in the uptake by the neutral systems could be identified, for System L, with the same titration of histidine to its cationic form, but for System A the sharp decrease is identified with the protonation of a structure on the membrane rather than one on the substrate. The action of H+ in the latter case proved approximately non-competitive with Na+ when tested with ordinary substrates.
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PMID:Heterogeneity of histidine transport in the Ehrlich cell. 1 Oct

The influence of hyperthermia (42.5 degrees C) on the viability and morphology of L1A2 ascites cells incubated at various pH levels (6.4-7.2) was studied. In contrast to unheated cells, increased extracellular acidity in hyperthermically treated tumor cells was associated with markedly reduced viability of the tumor cells exposed to hyperthermia. The cells heated at neutral pH underwent ultrastructural nuclear changes; the most prominent were the appearance of filamentous bundles and increased perichromatin granules. The cells heated under more acid conditions had an increased lysosomal activity and intense cell lysis resulting in lethal damage to the entire cell population within 6 hours after treatment. The active mechanism was not clear, but cell membrane lesions combined with the increased lysosome activity seemed of major importance in the mechanism of heat-induced damage to tumor cells kept in an acid milieu.
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PMID:Influence of extracellular pH on the viability and morphology of tumor cells exposed to hyperthermia. 1 50

Malignant neoplasms of endocrine tissues represent almost half of the cancers diagnosed clinically in the United States, and many of these respond to hormonal therapies. Estrogen-induced testicular Leydig cell tumors in the mouse would seem to represent a realistic model for the laboratory investigation of this significant group of cancers. Data accumulated over the past few years clearly show that the Leydig cell is a target tissue for estrogens. Administering large doses of estrogen results in a reduction of enzymes converting progesterone to testosterone and induces a transient, but quantitatively very significant, synthesis of DNA in the Leydig cells of tumor-susceptible strains of mice. Neither of these actions of estrogen is mediated via the hypophysis. It has been demonstrated that the Leydig cells have specific protein receptors in their cytoplasm that bind estrogens and transport them to the nucleus where they are also bound. The genetic composition of the Leydig cells themselves is extremely important for the development of tumors. An adequately functioning pituitary gland is also essential for tumor formation. Confining the testes to the abdomen results in enzyme changes similar to those produced by estrogen administration and significantly augments the development of Leydig cell tumors. Once tumors form they frequently are dependent for their continued growth on estrogenic stimulation and/or on a functioning hypothysis. Regressed tumors may remain dormant for many months only to resume progressive growth when placed in and adequate hormone environment.
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PMID:Estrogen-induced Leydig cell tumor in the mouse: a model system for the study of carcinogenesis and hormone dependency. 1 51

Temperature measurements on Wistar rats with miniature-Hg-thermometer and laser-welded thermoelements lead to the following conclusions: 1. No change of temperature-profile, especially in the liver through glucose-infusion and hyperthermia, can be noticed. 2. Glucose-infusion causes hyperthermia of about 1.5 degrees C. 3. The temperature of the subcutaneous growing DS- carcinosarcoma lies under the norm and increases with the distance from the surface of the body. 4. Hyperthermia of 3 degrees C has no influence on tumor over-acidification. 5. The substance CEU has no pyrogenic effect on the rat but potentiates the decrease of the body-temperature caused by narcosis.
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PMID:[Temperature measurements in Wistar rats and DS carcinosarcoma under various conditions]. 1 31

A highly sensitive technique for isoferritin detection using 125I-labeled monospecific anti-human liver ferritin antibody for the identification of isoferritins after the analysis of small quantities of ferritin by isoelectric focusing in polyacryl-amide gels was applied to the study of renal, pancreatic, and colonic carcinomas. In all tumors studied, the isoferritin composition differed from that of the corresponding normal tissue; major isoferritins with pl more basic than those of the normal tissues were consistently detected. Composition of purified ferritin from metastases closely resembled the isoferritin composition of the primary tumors. Examination of the serum isoferritin profiles of four patients with cancers did not reveal the presence of any tumor-specific changes in isoferritins. It is suggested that the abnormality in tissue ferritins in the three human cancers studied is the synthesis of major isoferritins in the more basic range, rather than the appearance of tumor-specific isoferritins in the more acidic range.
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PMID:Isoferritin composition of tissues and serum in human cancers. 1 86

Streptozotocin has been shown to induce the production of a variety of tumors in rats. The present report demonstrates that streptozotocin and 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea, a component of the streptozotocin molecule and a known carcinogen, stimulate the enzyme guanylate cyclase which catalyzes the production of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate. At a maximal concentration of 3 mg/ml, these agents activated guanylate cyclase approximately 30-fold in liver, 20-fold in kidney, 15-fold in cerebellum. 15- to 30-fold in cerebrum, 4- to 20-fold inheart, 12-fold in brain stem, 10-fold in lung, and 2-fold in pancreas. Since recent evidence suggests a role for guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate in malignant transformation, the data may help explain the tumor-inducing capacity of these agents.
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PMID:Activation of guanylate cyclase by streptozotocin and 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea. 1 88

Cultured cells from Morris hepatoma 7316A contained isozymes I and II, but not isozyme III, of branched-chain amino acid transaminase. They also contained tyrosine transaminase. Isozyme II and tyrosine transaminase were induced by addition of cortisol. These findings agree well with in vivo findings. However, prolonged culutre of the cells for over 500 days caused deviation of the chromosomal bumber and activity of both enzymes, and they were no longer affected by cortisol. A tumor formed by back-transplantation of the cells showed the typical isozyme pattern of rapidly growing hepatomas, such as Yoshida ascites hepatomas, i.e., isozymes I and III. These results were discussed in relation to change of gene expression during culture.
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PMID:Isozyme patterns of branched-chain amino acid transminase in cultured Morris hepatoma 7316A. 1 63

The synthesis of acetylcholine, as well as catecholamines, was studied by assaying the activities of choline acetyltransferase (ChA) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the tumor tissues and the culture cells of human neuroblastoma. In the majority of 20 neuroblastomas of sympathetic origin, both ChA and TH activities were detected at a significantly high level. In the culture cells of five cell lines of human neuroblastoma, ChA activity was high, but TH was negative in four of the lines. However, it was observed that these enzyme activities changed significantly while in the long-term culture. ChA assay is a useful diagnostic test for neuroblastomas that synthesize acetylcholine. Future studies of neuroblastoma should consider cholinergic activity.
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PMID:Acetylcholine synthesis in sympathetic human neuroblastoma. 1 56

Multiple endocrine adenomatosis, Type I was initially diagnosed in a 35-year-old woman with primary chief cell hyperplasia of the parathyroids. Approximately 5 years later, vaginal bleeding developed and a well-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma was recognized. An adenomatoid tumor of the uterus was discovered in addition to a nonfunctional islet cell tumor of the pancreas. Multiple endocrine adenomatosis is reviewed in relation to possible gynecologic neoplasms.
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PMID:Primary uterine tumors and multiple endocrine adenomatosis, type I. 1 92


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