Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bleomycin labeled with 57Co was used as a tumor-localizing agent in 132 patients. In patients with pulmonary tumors the primary localization concentrated radioactivity in 52 of the 54 appropriate cases; out of the 22 clinically known metastases, 19 were visible on the scan; 40 unknown metastases especially in hilus and mediastinum were found by the method and subsequently confirmed. In 22 patients with malignant lymphomas, 18 out of 22 known pathologic lymph glands above the diaphragm were visible on the scan; below the diaphragm the results of scanning in lymph glands and spleen were disappointing, probably because of the disturbing concentration of radioactivity in the kidneys, the bladder, the liver, and sometimes the gut. In 25 patients with various other tumors, 16 out of 22 known localizations above the diaphragm were visible; 2 were uncertain and 4 negative. Below the diaphragm the results were usually negative. In 24 patients with benign lesions, uptake of 57Co-bleomycin was visible on the scintigram in 4 patients with cavitating pulmonary tuberculosis, in 2 with pulmonary infections, in 1 with Caplan lesions of rheumatoid arthritis in the lung, and in 1 with sinusitis ethmoidalis. The significance of these results is discussed.
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PMID:Some experience with 57Co-labeled bleomycin as a tumor-seeking agent. 5

Curative resection is impossible in most patients with carcinoma of the esophagus or malignant tracheoesophageal fistulas, because of local tumor invasion or distant metastases. Optimal palliative therapy in these patients should relieve dysphagia and aspiration and restore the ability to swallow comfortably. This report describes a technique for palliation of carcinoma of the esophagus with a substernal gastric bypass after exclusion of the thoracic exophagus with the GIA surgical stapler. The results of this procedure in 10 patients with advanced malignant disease are discussed. Although postoperative morbidity and mortality rates were high, the quality of life achieved with this method of palliation was gratifying. Substernal gastric bypass of the excluded thoracic esophagus is an effective alternative to feeding tubes, prolonged radiation therapy, esophagogastrectomy, or colon bypass in patients with incurable, malignant esophageal disease.
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PMID:Substernal gastric bypass of the excluded thoracic esophagus for palliation of esophageal carcinoma. 5 64

In 33 patients studied with endocrine neoplasms of the pancreas more than half the tumours contained pancreatic polypeptide (P.P.) producing cells, and a high radioimmunoassayable concentration of P.P. was found in the tumour extracts. Plasma was available from 28 patients, and very high circulating P.P. concentrations were found in 18. The presence of P.P. in hepatic and lymphnode metastases indicates that its production by the primary neoplasm cannot be ascribed to incidental adherence of normal P.P. cells. Measurements of plasma P.P. levels should be a new aid to diagnosis of pancreatic tumours.
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PMID:Pancreatic polypeptide in insulinomas, gastrinomas, vipomas, and glucagonomas. 5 38

The authors studied tissue reactions in the regional lymph nodes of 68 patients with an invasive cancer of the uterine cervix at stage I and II of neoplastic disease. Two basic types of the lymph nodes reactions have been distinguished. In the first type of changes a reactive hyperplasia of sinusoidal histiocytosis predominated, as well as distinct activation of lymphocyte production within the follicles and numerous aggregates of plasmacytoid cells within the medullary cords. The second type of reaction was characterised by fibroplastic reaction causing constriction and block of capsular lymphatic and blood vessels, the pseudotransformation into hemolymph node and hematoxyphilic atrophy of lymphoreticular tissue. The authors' observations indicate that in case with the predominance of the second type reaction within regional lymph nodes arise favourable conditions for the production of distant metastases.
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PMID:Types of reaction in the regional lymph nodes in non-metastatic and minute-metastatic carcinoma of the uterine cervix. 5 49

As tables show, hormone treatment may be useful for control of the growth of endometrial and mammary cancers. Although endocrine treatment is to be used only where metastasis has already occurred 70% of all breast cancer patients eventually reach this stage, lending importance to endocrine treatment as well as chemotherapy as life-lengthening (though not curative) methods. Control of tumor growth is possible through altering the hormonal milieu of the host organ and through direct influence on the tumor cells. Measures may be ablative (removal of hormone-producing glands) or additive (e.g., use of steroids, as shown in detail in the tables). Progestagen, in high doses, produces atrophy of the endometrium and is associated with objective remission in at least 30-40% of cases of progressive endometrial carcinomas. In breast cancer cases, endocrine treatment is most suitable for premenopausal women or women at least 5 years past menopause; location of the metastases is among the other factors to be considered.
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PMID:[Endocrine treatment of gynecologic carcinomas]. 5 26

Regan isoenzyme, variant alkaline phosphatase, and alpha-fetoprotein were found in the serum of a patient with gastric cancer. The histology of the tumor was tubular adenocarcinoma. There were metastases in the retroperitoneal lymph nodes, but not in the liver. The liver was normal microscopically, with no evidence of bile duct obstruction. alpha-Fetoprotein in the tumor tissue was detected by immunoprecipitation reaction in agar. Regan isoenzyme and variant alkaline phosphatase were also detected in the tumor tissue and total alkaline phosphatase activity of the tissue was very high. These findings suggested their tumor origin.
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PMID:Occurrence of alpha-fetoprotein, Regan isoenzyme, and variant alkaline phosphatase in the serum of a patient with gastric cancer. 5 76

Of 145 women with metastatic breast carcinoma who survived palliative surgical castration, 40.7% had objective remission and another 11.0% had subjective improvement. Favorable response was more frequent in ovulating patients who had small masses of recurrent tumor in fewer locations, with skeletal spread especially well tolerated. Palliation appeared to be related to the site of metastatic disease and numbers (mass) of metastatic sites, but not to the age of the patient, tumor histology, or the disease-free interval. Survival was better for the patients who showed improvement after castration. Such improvement may predict continued relief from the use of other modalities of systemic treatment.
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PMID:Therapeutic oophorectomy in disseminated carcinoma of the breast. 6 95

The Authors report on their experience with a new radio-active tracer, Bleomycine-Co57, which was studied in 40 patients who had previously undergone brain scanning with Indium113m. The results obtained with these two different tracers are compared and the following conclusions advanced: 1) Bleomycine-Co57 is the radio-active tracer of choice in identification of cerebral metastases, especially in those cases where brain scanning with Indium113m was non-diagnostic; 2) glioblastomas evidence less uptake of the tracer than do metastases; 3) the scarce affinity of this tracer for benign tumors is stressed; 4) owing to the long half-life of this tracer, it is preferable to use it only with those subjects suspected of having a malignant neoplasia.
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PMID:Indications for the use of bleomycine-Co57 in brain scanning. 6 Apr 78

Increased tumor radiosensitivity can be achieved by the technique of synchronisation, although as yet this relationship has only been partial. Our clinical experiences from 1970-1974 with this technique lead to the following considerations: 1. Synchronized radiotherapy (Telecobalt) is administered twice weekly, independent of adjunctive medications (such as fluoro-uracil, vincristin or bleomycin). 2. Synchronized radiotherapy does not change previous indications for operative intervention. 3. The described technique permits successful treatment of advanced tumors as well as postoperative tumor recurrences of recurrences in previously-irradiated tisssues. 4. The radiosensitivity of poorly oxygenated tumor tissues may be increased. 5. Radiation dosage must not be reduced. 6. Distant tumor metastases can also be treated with additional chemotherapy (as synchronized chemotherapy).
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PMID:[Five-years synchronized radiotherapy in treatment of carcinoma of the head and neck: clinical results, 1970--1974 (author's transl)]. 6 Nov 94

The treatment of patients suffering from carcinoma of the esophagus or the cardia is extremely difficult, and the results to date have not been encouraging. The authors are of the opinion that only relatively young patients in good general condition, with a tumor smaller than 5 cm, without metastases and without peri-esophageal infiltration, should be considered for curative ratiotherapy and/or surgery. However, apart from these tumor and patient elements, the physician's skill and the facilities for adequate nursing are also of decisive importance. When curative treatment is not possible, this does not imply the more or less automatic selection of some form of palliative radiotherapy or surgery. In certain circumstances, symptomatic treatment or the natural course of the disease will be best for the patient and his environment. More data should be collected regarding the natural course of the disease, especially in comparison with the results after palliative surgery or radiotherapy.
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PMID:Some thoughts about the treatment of patients suffering from cancer of the esophagus or cardia. 6 39


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