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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lymphoblasts from 6 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia showed a paucity of receptors for T-cells (E-rosettes) and B-cells (surface membrane immunoglobulin). In contrast, neoplastic lymphoid cells from 5 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma demonstrated that 4 cases could be listed as B cell proliferations and 1 case as a T-cell tumor, Anomalous HLA cytotoxic reactions were observed in all 6 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia and probably in 1 case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. When the HLA antisera was absorbed of its HLA specificity, lymphoblast cytotoxicity was still observed, indicating the presence of some contaminating nonHLA antibody in HLA antisera. Severson et al. (3) demonstrated the presence of anti-B-cell activity in 2 of the 4 antisera used in this study. Lymphoblasts failed to stimulate autologous peripheral blood remission lymphocytes and neoplastic lymphoid cells did not stimulate autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes in mixed lymphocyte culture, indicating the lack of a neoantigen as measured by this technique. However lymphoblasts from 4 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia and neoplastic lymphoid cells from 2 cases of B-cell lymphoma stimulated better than they responded to allogeneic lymphocytes. The data suggest the possibility that lymphoblasts without receptors of E-rosettes and surface membrane immunoglobulin may contain B-cell antigens which crossreact with HLA antisera and vigorously stimulate allogeneic lymphocytes.
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PMID:Evaluation of anomalous HLA reactivity in the typing of neoplastic lymphoreticular cells. 7 45

The effectiveness of computed body tomography (CT) in the workup, treatment planning, and follow-up of 38 patients with Hodgkin's disease and 59 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was analyzed. CT scanning can frequently define lymphoma in the retroperitoneum, and occasionally in mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, and liver. These data are useful for staging, for radiotherapy treatment planning, and in monitoring response to radiotherapy or chemotherapy. CT was found to be particularly useful in patients with large mediastinal masses. Analysis of patterns of intrathoracic spread allowed modification of treatment techniques in 60% of patients with spread along the chest wall, in order to reduce the volume of normal tissue irradiated, while obtaining adequate dose distributions within the tumor volume. It is anticipated that chest CT scanning in lymphoma patients will lead to improved tumor control and reduction of radiation complications.
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PMID:Contribution of computed tomography to the treatment of lymphomas. 9 88

The physiocochemical and immunological properties of alkaline phosphatase extracted from Hodgkin's nodes, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma nodes and leukemic leukocytes have been studied. The alkaline phosphatase from these three tumor types possesses the same biophysical and biochemical properties and immunological determinants as the placental alkaline phosphatase. However, it is more heat-labile than the placental isoenzyme. Immunological experiments indicate that, of these tumor types, Hodgkin's tumor contains the largest amounts of heat-labile Regan type of alkaline phosphatase.
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PMID:Occurrence of heat-labile Regan type of alkaline phosphatase in hematopoietic tumors. 11 39

Cells from 32 adult patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were studied with respect to surface markers and functional properties in short-term culture. Twenty-six lymphomas were of B-cell origin, including all nodular and diffuse lymphocytic lymphomas. Three tumors were of T-cell origin (one histiocytic lymphoma and two undifferentiated lymphomas). In the remaining three cases (histiocytic lymphomas) the immunological nature of the tumor cells could not be determined. All reactivity to mitogenic stimuli of cells from B-cell lymphomas was due to residual normal T cells. In follicular lymphocytic lymphomas more reactive T cells prevailed among the malignant B cells than in diffuse lymphocytic lymphomas. Heterogeneity among B-cell lymphomas was indicated by differences in intensity of fluorescence with anti-Ig reagents and in stimulatory capacity in mixed lymphocyte culture. T-cell lymphomas were characterized by high percentages of T cells together with impaired responses to stimuli. The results of immunological studies correlated well with the histological classifications of Rappaport, Lukes and Lennert.
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PMID:Surface markers and functional properties of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells in relation to histology. 15 44

The nephrotic syndrome complicating malignancy in the absence of renal vein thrombosis, amyloid or neoplastic infiltration of the kidney is an unusual occurrence. A case of diffuse, well differentiated, lymphocytic lymphoma and lipoid nephrosis documented by light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunofluorescent studies is reported. A review of the literature revealed 76 case reports in which the nephrotic syndrome was associated with neoplasia. The most frequently associated neoplasms are Hodgkin's disease, various carcinomas, nonHodgkin's lymphoma and leukemia in descending order. The most frequent renal lesion in patients with the nephrotic syndrome associated with various carcinomas is membranous glomerulonephritis (81 per cent) as opposed to patients with lymphomas or leukemias who have predominantly lipoid nephrosis (60 per cent). The evidence is reviewed suggesting that the lesions in membranous nephropathy are immunologically mediated by tumor or viral antigen-antibody complexes and in lipoid nephrosis perhaps by a defect in t-lymphocyte function.
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PMID:The nephrotic syndrome associated with neoplasia: an unusual paraneoplastic syndrome. Report of a case and review of the literature. 18 Aug 1

Two brothers developed multiple primary neoplasms in childhood; one had glioblastoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma at age 11 years, and the other brain tumor and acute leukemia at six years. A third brother died with myelogenous leukemia at thre years, and a fourth with cyanotic congenital heart disease at 11 weeks. Each child also had at least one hamartomatous lesion of the skin. The clinical features suggested von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis or other inherited cancer syndrome, but laboratory studies identified no markers of susceptibility to familial neoplasia.
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PMID:Double primary cancers in 2 young sibs, leukemia in another, and dextrocardia in a fourth. 19 73

In an ongoing cooperative study of the Cancer and Acute Leukemia Group B, 21 evaluable patients with advanced malignant lymphomas were treated with 70 mg/m2 of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (cis-platinum) once every 3 weeks. All patients had received extensive prior therapy. Partial remission was obtained in two of seven patients with Hodgkin's disease, for 1+ and 7 months, and in three of 14 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, for 2, 2+, and 2.5 months. In another ongoing trial, 11 patients with advanced, pretreated small cell cancer of the lung received 80 mg/m2 of cis-platinum once every 3 weeks. Four patients achieved partial remissions. These lasted 2+ and 2.5 months in the two patients evaluable for duration of response. Two further clear-cut tumor regressions were noted. The major toxic effects were myelosuppression and vomiting. In the second trial, one case of probable drug-related fatal nephrotoxicity was encountered despite optimal forced diuresis with mannitol and furosemide. cis-Platinum definitely warrants further evaluation in these diseases because of significant effectiveness even after extensive prior treatment.
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PMID:Phase II trial of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in advanced malignant lymphoma and small cell lung cancer: preliminary results. 22 99

In the present study, terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase was examined in the peripheral blood and (or) bone marrow of 115 children with a variety of neoplastic, hematologic, and other unrelated disorders. Terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase activity was present at 4.08+/-0.74 U/108 cells in 23 morphologicall normal bone marrow samples from childhood controls. Terminal transferase was present at greater than 23 U/108 nucleated cells and at greater than31 U/108 blasts in the bone marrow of all children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia studied at initial diagnosis and at disease relapse. Terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase was detectable at low levels, less than 7.5 U/108 cells, in all remission marrow smaples. Bone marrow terminal transferase activity was markedly elevated in all untreated acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients, whereas low levels which were difficult to interpret were present in the peripheral blood samples of two patients at diagnosis and six patients at relapse who had low absolute lymphoblast counts. Because of greater variation in the lymphoblast content of peripheral blood, bone marrow assays are more reliable in detecting disease activity. Marrow terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase values obtained during the active phase of acute lymphoblastic leukemia were significantly greater than those found in other types of leukemia, bone marrow malignancies, and hematologic disorders. Terminal transferase determinations in blast cells of two patients with leukemic conversion of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and in tumor cells from one patient with Burkitt's lymphoma were within the control range. These dat further define the usefulness of terminal deoxynucleotidyltrnasferase assay in the differentiation and classication of hematologic malignancies.
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PMID:Terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase distribution in neoplastic and hematopoietic cells. 26 45

We have measured the plasma level of a fucosyltransferase in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma at various stages of the disease and in normal controls. This enzyme transfers the sugar fucose from a guanosine diphosphate-L-fucose donor to high-molecular-weight acceptors with a terminal N-acetyl-glucosamine residue. The enzyme levels of fucosyltransferase in individuals free from disease and in patients with untreated leukemia or lymphoma were comparable. A substantial increase in plasma enzyme level was measured during drug-induced remissions, three weeks after drug therapy. The enzyme level fell to the normal range during unmaintained remissions inpatients with lymphomas; comparable information for the leukemia is not available since all remissions were drug maintained. These data, together with microscopic examination of marrow samples, indicate that the level of this fucosyltransferase is correlated with regeneration of a normal marrow population after chemotherapy. The enzyme assay may prove useful in defining normal bone marrow recovery and in timing cyclic combination chemotherapy in patients with neoplastic disease.
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PMID:Guanosine diphosphate-L-fucose plasma: N-acetylglucosaminide fucosyltransferase as in index of bone marrow hyperplasia after chemotherapy. 27 Oct 43

The development of a second neoplasm is a rare complication in patients with various types of primary malignancy. This report describes two patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who developed adenocarcinoma of the lung and malignant pleural effusion following many years of cytotoxic therapy. The value of cytological examination of the sputum and pleural aspirate, as well as fibreoptic bronchial biopsy in the diagnosis are emphasised. The higher incidence of this complication in patients with lymphocytic type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma may be due to their longer survival and probable basic immune defects which become overt after chemotherapy.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoma of the lung in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 29 12


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