Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-five patients with suspected spinal cord neoplasms were studied with high-field-strength magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (1.5 T) before and after administration of gadolinium diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid (DTPA) (gadopentetate dimeglumine). Five patients had enhancing, nonneoplastic lesions, including spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs), cord infarction, and chronic arachnoiditis. Fifteen patients had proved spinal cord neoplasms, 13 intramedullary and two extramedullary. Four of the intramedullary tumors were detected only after Gd-DTPA administration; in five others, contrast material enhancement improved observer confidence. Gd-DTPA also demonstrated one dural AVF not detected on precontrast images. Regions of cord ischemia or infarction related to spinal dural AVF also enhanced in three patients. Advantages of Gd-DTPA include the demonstration of small isointense intramedullary tumors and the ability to permit differentiation of tumor from adjacent cord syrinx and solid tumor from postoperative gliosis and arachnoid scarring. Gd-DTPA enhancement is a useful adjunct to high-resolution MR imaging of the spinal cord.
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PMID:Intradural spinal cord lesions: Gd-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging. 290 1

The effect of repeated ischemic episodes to experimental liver tumors is studied in a group of inbred Wistar-Furth rats. A vascular occluder model was developed specially for the purpose of delivering intermittent compressions to the hepatic artery in the rat. With five daily 1-hr occlusions of the hepatic artery, rats benefited from significantly reduced tumor growth rates compared with controls that underwent sham operation (P less than 0.05). In contrast to results from previous pig experiments, it is demonstrated by angiographic studies that repeated transient dearterialization does not entirely overcome the problem of collateral vessel formation in the rat. Tumor neovascularization continues irrespective of whether the tumor is being dearterialized. It is also observed that in both normal and tumor rats, collateral channels from the left gastric artery temporarily open up when the hepatic artery is obstructed but disappear on reestablishment of flow. As such types of collateral flow are beyond our control, it is imperative that future developments in vascular occlusion therapy should aim at shortening ischemia time and combining with chemotherapy.
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PMID:Retarding liver cancer growth in the rat by transient repeated hepatic dearterialization. 291 14

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), first isolated from the gut, was originally considered a candidate gastrointestinal hormone. Since about 1975, however, it has become increasingly clear that it is primarily a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator and that it exerts its functions mainly by local release from nerve endings. VIP plays a hormonal role only when it is released in large amounts from a tumor, with a consequent overflow into the circulation and grossly elevated plasma concentrations of the peptide. Moderately increased VIP plasma and tissue concentrations that cause mainly local effects are found in intestinal ischemia. Crohn's disease and some other chronic inflammatory diseases of the bowel. VIP is also measured in increased amounts in the normal fetus and neonate, where it may play an important physiological role. Such an increase of VIP levels in the circulation could enhance perfusion and metabolic activity of tissues during their rapid-growth period. On the other hand, disorders with a disturbed VIP function such as achalasia and Hirschsprung's disease and possibly also asthma and cystic fibrosis seem to be characterized mainly by a derangement of smooth muscle activity and/or exocrine secretion. Considering this list of disorders where VIP has either a proven or suspected role, it is easy to imagine the significance of this peptide in pediatric pathophysiology.
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PMID:[Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)--possible importance in diseases of childhood]. 299 82

The intracranial pressure, systemic blood pressure and compressed spectral array in EEG monitoring were studied in three patients with typical plateau waves in continuous intracranial pressure recordings. Two patients with brain-tumor and one patient with aqueductal stenosis were included. The intracranial pressure was recorded through an indwelling ventricular catheter attached to a pressure transducer. The systemic blood pressure was recorded through an intraarterial catheter placed in the femoral artery or the dorsalis pedis artery. To obtain continuous and compressed spectral array in the EEG, Berg-Fourier Analyzer by the OET-Biomedica Company of Italy was used. Simultaneous recordings of the intracranial pressure, systemic blood pressure and EEG spectral analysis were made for 180 minutes in each patient. During the plateau waves, the systemic blood pressure did not rise in spite of a marked increase in intracranial pressure, resulting in a marked decrease in the cerebral perfusion pressure. The patients, however, showed no clinical symptoms resulting from ischemia of the brain, such as vasopressor response and impairment of consciousness, but complained only headache. The spectrograms in these patients were characterized by a constant and predominant activity in the alpha or high frequencies. This structural aspect was retained throughout the continuation of plateau waves. The power of low frequencies only appeared transiently. The results suggest that some mechanisms producing and maintaining the fast and/or alpha wave activity may participate in the recurrent appearance of plateau waves.
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PMID:[Brain function in patients with plateau waves studied by compressed spectral array in long-term EEG monitoring]. 300 Apr 13

The use of various types of cultured mammalian renal tubular epithelial cells in the study of cell injury has been reviewed. Permanent cell lines, primary explant cultures, monolayers from individually microdissected tubules, isolated cells and organ cultures have been used. In the majority of studies, cultured cells of normal tissue origin have been treated with a noxious agent and alterations in growth, morphology, biochemical and immunological properties studied. Earliest studies examined infection by parasites and bacteria and the effects of plant and bacterial toxins, carcinogens, metabolic and transport inhibitors, cytoskeletal perturbants, general inhibitors of protein, glycoprotein, DNA and RNA synthesis. More recent studies have concentrated on the effects of specific nephrotoxins, such as heavy metals and aminoglycoside antibiotics and of ischemia which have bearing on the pathogenesis of acute renal failure. An additional approach has been to culture diseased renal epithelia of cystic, diabetic or tumor origin and compare their properties with those of normal cultured tubular epithelia. Future studies using cultured renal tubular cells will be valuable in elucidating the cellular and subcellular mechanisms of renal epithelial cell injury in disease.
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PMID:Use of cultured renal tubular cells in the study of cell injury. 300 63

A major right hemispheric infarct developed in a 31-year-old man within forty-eight hours of lung resection for metastatic synovial-cell sarcoma. Post mortem exam revealed tumorous occlusion of the right internal carotid artery. Major stroke from cerebral tumor embolus should be seriously considered in patients with primary or metastatic lung cancer who have had a very recent pneumonectomy, especially when there are symptoms and signs of multi-organ or extremity ischemia.
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PMID:Major cerebral infarction from tumor embolus. 301 31

Radiography and microscopy were used to investigate the hepatic distribution of iodized oil injected into the hepatic artery in a rabbit VX2 tumor model. Iodized oil accumulates within hepatic metastases and in a ringlike fashion around them. Radiographic and histologic appearances were correlated, and it was concluded that ringlike deposition occurs in peritumoral sinusoids. There was no evidence that iodized oil is cleared by hepatic lymphatics. Early clearance of iodized oil into bile may possibly be caused by localized hepatic ischemia from oil microemboli or by direct phagocytosis by Kupffer cells. The remaining oil is washed through hepatic vasculature, circulates systemically, and is cleared by reticuloendothelial cells in lung, spleen, liver, and bone marrow. This mode of clearance, which has not been considered previously, may be important in the prediction of toxic effects caused by lipid and lipophilic antitumor agents administered via the hepatic artery.
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PMID:Distribution of iodized oil within the liver after hepatic arterial injection. 302 47

A 54-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of back pain and right hypochondrial pain. Ultrasonography and celiac angiography revealed a large tumor sized 9.4 X 8.1 cm. The tumor appeared hypervascular on angiogram. During the second angiography, an attempt at superselective hepatic angiography for the purpose of infusing a combination of Adriamycin and Lipiodol, spasm of the celiac artery occurred. High fever continued for 11 days after the spasm and serum transaminase was elevated. At the third angiography, the nature of the tumor was seen to have changed remarkably to one of hypovascularity. Percutaneous transhepatic tumor biopsy was done. Pathological diagnosis was necrosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Due to heart disorders, ligation of the right hepatic artery was performed instead of hepatic resection. Postoperatively, the size of the tumor decreased further. It is thought that this patient had a tendency to suffer from vasospasm and that the tumor had a relatively low resistance to ischemia.
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PMID:[A case of necrosis of a hepatocellular carcinoma, caused by spasm of the celiac artery]. 303 94

An experimental study was performed on the enhancement of cytotoxic damage to a tumor by ischemia during chemotherapy. An antitumor effect was obtained by 10-minute ligation of the hindpaw of Wistar rats bearing implanted Walker-256 at four days before, and after administration of MMC into the same femoral artery. The injection of 0.5 microgram/ml of noradrenaline in physiological saline into the tumor-feeding artery at a rate of 1 ml/min for 5 minutes after intraarterial administration of MMC produced the same degree of improved antitumor effect as that observed in the 10-minute ligation therapy.
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PMID:[Enhancement of the antitumor effect on Walker-256 of administration of noradrenaline in physiological saline for five minutes after intraarterial injection of MMC]. 310 64

We performed a study of hyperthermia while injecting 0.05% of Noradrenaline following MMC for 10 minutes into the feeding artery of Walker-256 carcinosarcomas implanted 6 days earlier into the s.c. dorsum side of hindpaw of Wistar rats. The tumor growth rates on the 6th day after treatment by warning tumor in hot water (40 degrees C, 44 degrees C) for 10 minutes with or without Noradrenaline, were 0.7 +/- 0.6, 2.1 +/- 0.9 (40 degrees C) and 0.2 +/- 0.3, 0.0 +/- 0.0 (44 degrees C), respectively. The data suggested that tumor ischemia induced by a vasoconstrictive drug may enhance the antitumor effect in low grade warning therapy (40 degrees C). An injection of warmed physiological saline (50 degrees C) may heat the tumor vessels on the tumor surface and showed enhanced antitumor effects as a from of hyperthermia. The target area of the tumor for hyperthermia can be considered to be the tumor vessels on the tumor surface.
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PMID:[Enhancement of antitumor effect of MMC on Walker 256 by intra-arterial administration of noradrenaline in hyperthermia]. 313 74


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