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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

31 cases with tumours in chiasm and hypothalamus are presented. 21 cases had glioma of chiasma (the tumor continued along one or both optic nerves), six cases had craniopharyngioma and four cases had astrocytoma in the hypothalamus. All of these tumours represent 19% of intracranial tumours observed in our service over a period of eleven years. Russell's syndrome was usually seen in cases of gliomas of chiasm. Visual alterations were observed in a high average of patients with any type of the tumours. Skull in lateral view was a positive proof in all the three types of tumours showing "omega" sella turcica in gliomas of chiasm, supra or retro-sellar calcifications in croniopharyngiomas and large sella turcica in astrocytomas of the hypophalamus. Neumoencephalography and angiography were very positives proofs in all types of tumours. Gammagraphy was specially possitive in gliomas of chiasm. Computed axial tomography is very useful in all types of tumour, but our experience is still limited in comparison with other methods. Most effective treatment for gliomas of the chiasm was radiotherapy with shunt in cases with hydrocephalus and total or partial extirpation in astrocytomas of the hypothalamus and in craniopharyngiomas. Survival rate among patients with these types of tumour is high but presence of visual and endocrinological secuelae is very high too.
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PMID:[Tumours of chiasmatic and hypothalamic regions in children (author's transl)]. 60 5

A 3 1/2-year-old boy developed a mass lesion in the right basal ganglia and midbrain, compatible with glioma. During radiation therapy, aqueduct obstruction developed, necessitating a ventriculoatrial (VA) shunt. The child improved and remained well for 6 years, when he developed recurrent symptoms. A computerized tomographic (CT) scan and ventriculogram revealed a large cyst arising from the region of the right basal ganglia, the site of the previous tumor. The VA shunt was converted to a cyst atrial shunt. Subsequently, the cyst decreased in size, but hydrocephalus recurred, as demonstrated by a second CT scan. A Y-tube shunt (one catheter in the cyst, one in the ventricle) has controlled symptoms and signs since that time.
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PMID:Large basal ganglia cyst in site of previously radiated glioma. Case report. 61 75

Sixty-two patients with tuberous sclerosis were studied by skull radiography. In addition, 16 had CT scanning, 26 had air studies, and 5 had cerebral angiography. Both subependymal and parenchymal tubers were shown on CT; all had a higher density than the brain and none were enhanced by contrast material. CT showed tubers in 13 of 16 patients, including 4 of 6 patients with glioma and hydrocephalus. Air studies showed subependymal tubers in 12 of 26 patients. Four other patients had intraventricular gliomas but no tubers. Skull radiographs showed spotty calcification, compatible with tuberous sclerosis, in 30 cases. Four patients had calcification compatible with tumor. Angiograms were nonspecific, showing intraventricular masses but no tubers.
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PMID:Tuberous sclerosis. Comparison of computed tomography and conventional neuroradiology. 64 65

The four male patients with multiple hamartoma syndrome (Cowden's disease) in this report, have most of the previously reported findings associated with this syndrome and several important unreported findings that include multiple cutaneous trichilemmomas, cafe-au-lait spots, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, pathologic fracture, craniomegaly, probable malignant lung tumor, retinal glioma, drusens of the optic disk and retina, pseudotumor cerebri, mediastinal mass, and multiple small papillomatous lesions of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
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PMID:Multiple hamartoma syndrome (Cowden's disease). 64 96

Amethopterin and 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) were used to induce morphological changes in cloned rat glioma (C6). The expression of S-100 protein, an acidic protein localized in glial cells, and steroid sulfatase, an ubiquitously distributed enzyme found in high concentration in glial cells, were followed during cell growth, from subculture to well into the stationary phase of control and drug-treated cultures. Amethopterin and BUdR differed in their effects on glioma morphology and in the expression of the biochemical parameters. Amethopterin coordinately stimualted both the production of S-100 protein and steroid sulfatase activity when cell division was inhibited during early logarithmic growth phase. BUdR stimulated steroid sulfatase activity but repressed production of S-100 protein. The results are discussed with respect to the mechanism of regulation of the differentiated state of tumor cells.
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PMID:Drug-induced differentiation of a rat glioma in vitro: II. the expression of S-100, a glial specific protein and steroid sulfatase. 64 75

A tumor of highly unusual composition was found in the lower medulla oblongata of a 3 year, 9 months old girl. Light microscopy of the lesion showed an intimate intermingling of astroglial processes with collagen fibers, both projecting congruent to the pattern of preexisting fiber tracts. Electronmicroscopy disclosed a mosaic formed by the intimate apposition of collagen bundles, of glial processes filled with glial fibrils, and of scattered myelinated fibers, all abutting upon each other, often without intervening basement membranes. This well differentiated mass within the medulla adjoined a dedifferentiated endophytic extension of the tumor into the fourth ventricle which had seeded into the cerebellar cortex and the cauda equina. The dedifferentiated portion of the neoplasm also displayed intimate apposition of collagenous and glial elements. The tumor was tentatively identified as a gliofibroma or a desmo-plastic glioma.
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PMID:Gliofibroma. A peculiar neoplasia of collagen forming glia-like cells. 66 Feb 17

The authors give follow-up information on Case 59 of Cushing's 1931 series of cerebellar astrocytomas. The patient died with a malignant cerebellar astrocytoma 48 years after partial removal of a previously benign astrocytoma at the same site. Including the present one, there have been only five reported cases in which this has occurred. Ordinarily, juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas are of extremely genign character, and it is well established that even with incomplete resections patients have survived for years without progression of the tumor. Not all of the cases so reported can be wholly accepted as respresenting malignant transformation of the tumor, but may instead be instances of recurrence of an inherently benign glioma since the presence of features such as endothelial hyperplasia or nuclear atypicality in a juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma does not warrant is being classified as malignant. Features truly suggestive of malignancy are hypercellularity, frequent mitoses, necrosis, and, in some instances, a diffusely infiltrative growth pattern; all of these features were found in the present case.
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PMID:Malignant transformation in benign cerebellar astrocytoma. Case report. 66 Feb 55

Anti-tumor antibodies have been searched for with an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay in the sera of patients with glioma. Sera from 60 patients and from 25 normal individuals have been tested against cells from 8 human glioblastoma lines. 10 patients (17%) and 5 controls (20%) were found to have antibodies against one or more tumor lines. There were extensive cross-reaction between the positive sera against the different glioma cells, but the reactivity of each serum was different. The specificity of the antibodies thus detected has been investigated. The positive patients' sera were found to have a similar cytotoxic activity against unrelated tumor and normal cells. Moreover, their activity was absorbed by cells from unrelated tumors and normal platelets. These results do not support the concept of a specific humoral response of glioma patients to a possible common tumor-associated antigen.
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PMID:[Anti-tumor antibodies in the blood of patients with gliomas]. 66 86

Subcutaneously and intracerebrally transplanted neurinomas as well as intracerebrally grafted gliomas, both derived from primary tumors with resorptive carcinogens were investigated after injection of micropaque by conventional histologic methods and by postmortem X-ray analysis. Growth pattern and vasculature were similar in subcutaneously and intracerebrally transplanted malignant neurinomas. The most common feature was a parallel arrangement of vessels as shown by microradiography and vessel free zones. In intracerebrally grafted glioma, the growth of tumors was confined to or starting from the ventricular system. Sinusoidal vessels, capillary proliferations and proliferation of vessel wall were found. The outstanding feature was the occurrence of extravascular contrast deposits, thus indicating the vulnerability of tumor vessels and frequency of hemorrhages into these tumors.
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PMID:Gross vascularization of experimentally induced transplanted tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system. 67 83

A case of bilateral agraphia produced by a left parietal glioma is described in a 49 year-old right-handed woman. Hypothesis of a pure agraphia, etiology and non-frontal localisation of tumor are discussed. This agraphia is associated to a right astereognosia; neither functional nor behavioral relationships are found between these two defects, and it appears that their are probably associated according to the parietal locus of lesions.
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PMID:[Pure bilateral agraphia, right astereognosia and arithmetic defects associated with a left parietal tumor (author's transl)]. 68 60


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