Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Macrophages (Mphi) were recovered from disaggregated, spontaneously regressing Moloney sarcomas for in vitro testing of their cytotoxic capabilities. At a 3:1 ratio, Mphi in monolayers efficiently killed (51Cr release) a variety of tumor target cells without regard to antigenic specificity. Within 24 hr most of their cytolytic potential was lost. Killing could be restored, however, if Mphi were replated at higher cell densities. A soluble, heat-stable, dialyzable inhibitor of thymidine incorporation, which did not interfere with cellular proliferation, also was produced by Mphi recovered from Moloney sarcomas. The finding of such a competitive inhibitor, probably cold thymidine, in supernatants further opened to question the validity of radioisotope incorporation into DNA as a measure of Mphi-mediated cytostasis. The data presented suggest that Mphi may participate in the regression process by directly killing tumor cells, thus complementing the antigen-specific cytolytic capabilities of the T lymphocytes that are also found in large numbers within regressing Moloney sarcomas.
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PMID:Inflammatory cells in solid murine neoplasms. III. Cytotoxicity mediated in vitro by macrophages recovered from disaggregated regressing Moloney sarcomas. 87 May 61

Experimental evidence is presented that supports the use of the cold agar-gel electrophoretic method for the clinical quantitation of specific estrogen-binding protein present in some human mammary carcinomas. It is necessary to dilute tumor extracts to avoid interference by serum-borne, non-relevant hormone-binding proteins such as albumin, which migrates to the same anodal region as does the binding protein. Dilution to 2.5 mg or less of total protein per milliliter circumvents such interference while still permitting reliable quantitation of the binding protein. Seventy-two mammary carcinomas were compared for binding-protein content by both the cold agar-gel electrophoresis and a single-point dextran-coated charcoal assay. The correlation coefficient (0.96) indicated excellent agreement between results by the two methods. In addition results are presented which indicate that the preparation of tumor extracts for electrophoresis does not require the use of an ultracentrifuge.
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PMID:Electrophoretic assay of specific estrogen receptors: a contribution to methodology. 91 71

Parathyroid adenomas may have ectopic localizations, for example, intrathyroidal, which diagnosis is difficult. The present report illustrates this fact. A patient, 45 years old, euthyroidal, with a cold thyroidal nodule, underwent a right thyroidal lobectomy. Immediately after the operation, a tetany crisis occured with a Chovstek's sign and a 65 mg/l blood calcium level. The possibility of an accidental parathyroidectomy was evoked, and a second histological exam of the tumor showed the presence of a trabecular parathyroidal adenoma in the back of a vesicular thyroidal adenoma. The presence of this parathyroidal adenoma should have been suspected because of the occurence of nephretics colics in the antecedents, but there was a high blood uric acid level and the diagnosis of uric concretion was retained; no dosage of blood calcium level has been done.
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PMID:[Intrathyroidal parathyroidal adenoma associated to a cold thyroidal nodule (author's transl)]. 91 19

Frome these studies on JLS V-9 cells, a number of conclusions can be drawn about the mechanism of MuLV induction by halogenated pyrimidines. The compounds can induce virus from otherwise healthy cells as long as deoxycytidine is present along with the inducing agent. The compounds must be present during the S phase of the cell cycle and must be incorporated into DNA in order to induce virus (Teich et al. 1973). Only one strand of DNA need be substituted by BrdU or IdU in order to induce virus, because a one-hour period of incorporation leads to induction. From these results it is possible to construct a model for how halogenated pyrimidines are able to induce viruses from otherwise uninfected cells. Because the critical period for the incorporation of the compound is a restricted segment of the S phase of the cell, there would appear to be a critical segment of the genetic information of the cell which, when substituted with BrdU or IdU, leads to a transcriptional derepression. Presumably the critical segment of DNA is either a controlling element of the integrated provirus or it is a separate gene which controls the expression of the integrated provirus. Whichever is true, these results strongly imply that the search for specific repressors of the segments of mammalian DNA is likely to be successful and that RNA tumor viruses may offer a system in which such repression systems can be identified and investigated.
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 1975
PMID:Mechanism of induction of RNA tumor viruses by halogenated pyrimidines. 105 69

The strands of the six EcoRI fragments and the HpaI fragments E and C of Ad2 DNA were separated by electrophoresis in agarose gels. Using 32P-labeled fragment strands in solution hybridization experiments, the fraction of each strand complementary to RNA extracted from infected or transformed cells was assayed by chromatography on hydroxylapatite. In this manner, a tentative map of the cytoplasmic RNA sequences has been constructed for viral RNA extracted from cells both early and late during infection (see Fig. 16; in the map shown, the two strands of Ad2 are named the r and l strands following the bacteriophage convention). Since early cytoplasmic RNA anneals to four distinct regions of the genome, Ad2 probably codes for at least four early gene functions. Summation experiments have shown that all RNA sequences found in the cytoplasm of cells early during infection are also present in the cells' cytoplasm at late times. Viral RNA sequences in five independently isolated and cloned transformed rat cell lines were also mapped on the Ad2 genome. One class of Ad2-transformed rat cells contains RNA sequences complementary to only the segment of Ad2 DNA from 0.03-0.10 on the physical map, and this corresponds to one of the four regions of the genome expressed early during infection. If a viral gene product is necessary to maintain the transformed phenotype of the cell or codes for the virus-specific tumor (T) antigen, this genetic information must be at the left end of the genome (see Fig. 16). The two other classes of Ad2-transformed rat cells contain viral RNA sequences complementary to two or three of the regions of the genome transcribed into early cytoplasmic RNA. At both early and late times during the lytic cycle, the nucleus of the infected cell contains viral RNA sequences that are not transported to the cell's cytoplasm, suggesting that RNA processing and selection may play a role in the regulation of viral mRNA production.
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 1975
PMID:Mapping of adenovirus 2 RNA sequences in lytically infected cells and transformed cell lines. 105 74

Sera of 43 brain tumor patients were analyzed along with various other control groups for serum immunoglobulin, cold and sheep cell hemagglutinin and a heterophile type antibody. Serum IgM and heterophile antibody (non-Forssman type) were found elevated in brain tumor and various acute viral meningoencephalitis groups. Serum IgA and IgG levels were essentially unchanged. IgM levels appear to be particularly stimulated by the meningioma class because the removal of tumor from the host was accompanied by its return to normal range. This system of IgM measurement may prove to be a valuable tool in preliminary diagnosis of brain tumors.
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PMID:Elevation of serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) level in patients with brain tumors. 117 90

Five patients with bilateral, and four patients with unilateral, well defined sacral nerve lesions after sacral resection for tumor were examined with a clinical evaluation, cystometry, and cystoscopy including a test of vesical and urethal sensibility with different stimuli. In patients with bilateral division of the sacral nerves below the S 2 level, no active detrusor contractions were registered, indicating that the second sacral segment alone cannot subserve the micturition reflex. In patients with unilateral division of sacral nerves 1 to 5 or 2 to 5, a normal micturition reflex was registered. There was a complete loss of bladder mucosal pain when sacral nerves 3 to 5 had been cut bilaterally, while the sensibility was normal when sacral nerves 4 to 5 had been cut bilaterally. In patients with unilateral division of all sacral nerves below L 5 or S 1, mucosal pain tested by means of electrcoagulation of the bladder and pin-pricking of the urethra could not be felt on the denervated side. Stretching of the detrusor wall with a ureteral catheter, however, could be felt on the denervated side, indicating that this sensation was not mediated in sacral nerves but probably in the hypogastric nerves. Thermesthesia of the mucosa was demonstrated on the intact side of the bladder but not on the denervated side when the patients with unilateral sacral nerve lesions were tested with jet streams of cold or hot saline against the bladder wall.
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PMID:Neurourologic evaluation after resection of the sacrum. 119 15

The records and histologic specimens of 2,000 patients who underwent cold knife conization were reviewed with regard to the usefulness as a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. In 81,4% further diagnostic procedures were not necessary. Intrapithelial neoplasia was demonstrated in 78% including 16,4% invasive carcinomas. The incidence of non-pathologic conditions was higher in cone specimens submitted from other hospitals or gynecologists. 85% of preinvasive and invasive epithelial neoplasia were detected by cytology.
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PMID:[Experiences with 2,000 conizations of the uterine cervix (author's transl)]. 124 63

879 fine-needle biopsies obtained from 754 patients with palpable lesions of the thyroid were evaluated. Cold nodules were identified in the scintigram of 509 patients. The cytologic findings could be checked by histology in 102 cases. 24 out of 26 malignant tumors of the thyroid were recognized cytologically. In 23 cases the tumor type was correctly identified by cytology. The cytologic report was false negative in two cases. Follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma are not distinguishable on cytologic grounds. In 14.7% of patients the cytologic report stated cystic lesions and in 1.7% of patients inflammatory lesions.
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PMID:[Fine-needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of thyroid diseases (author's transl)]. 125 22

Extracorporeal liver surgery has been proposed with the aim to increase the resectability rate in patients with advanced tumors. In order to avoid the inherent section of the hepatic pedicle we propose ex situ-in vivo liver surgery. The surgical procedure comprises complete mobilization and exteriorization of the liver which is rocked on the axis of the porta hepatis following section of the hepatic veins. Protection of the liver parenchyma against prolonged ischemia is obtained through cold portal perfusion (UW solution) and the use of an heat exchanger on which liver resections and vascular procedures are performed. The procedure also encompasses the use of veno-venous bypass during liver vascular exclusion. This procedure was performed in 2 patients with tumoral invasion of the 3 main hepatic veins and in 1 patient whose hemangioma was surrounding the hepatocaval confluence. Duration of hypothermic ischemia was 205, 225 and 230 minutes respectively. Postoperative course was uneventful in the 3 cases with an hospital stay of 25, 28 and 18 days. Ex situ-in vivo liver surgery allows completion of a surgical treatment in patients whose tumor appears unresectable with the use of conventional technics. This procedure may constitute an alternative to liver transplantation in highly selected cases.
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PMID:[Ex situ-in vivo hepatic resection. Technique and initial results]. 128 18


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