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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case report of a girl with two foetal rhabdomyomas is presented. One tumour was a small cutaneous lesion present at birth in the left thigh and the other was located in the chest wall deeply in the subcutaneous tissue and attached to the adjacent intercostal muscle. The patient also had the naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome which lends credence to the opinion that foetal rhabdomyoma is a malformation rather than a true neoplasm.
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PMID:Foetal rhabdomyoma. Case report of a patient with two tumours. 125 30

Dermatologists are confronted daily with proliferative growths which can reach considerable size, but mean no danger to the patient. Seborrheic keratoses are one example. Other growths, such as basal cell carcinoma, are locally destructive. Normally, however, we do not hesitate to reassure the patient about the benignity of the tumor once excised. The malignancy of squamous cell carcinomas and melanoma, however, is undoubted. Thus, excessive proliferation and even local invasiveness are not sufficient to define malignancy. It is the life-threatening aspect of metastasis that physicians are mostly concerned about.
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PMID:Cancer metastasis--a multistep process. 128 Jan 76

We report 14 cases of trichogerminoma, a rare form of cutaneous adnexal neoplasm, derived from hair germ epithelium. The neoplasms occurred in 9 men and 5 women. Their ages ranged from 16 to 73 years (median 53 years). The tumors were slow growing, asymptomatic dermal or subcutaneous nodules, located on the head and neck (6), trunk (4), extremities (2) and hip (1), with no distinguishing clinical features. Histologically, trichogerminomas were characterized by sharply circumscribed, pseudoencapsulated dermal and subcutaneous nodules, ranging in size from 0.4 to 4.0 cm in diameter (mean 1.9 cm). The nodules were subdivided into lobules separated by variable amounts of stroma that demonstrated varying cellularity and mucin content. The lobules were composed of basaloid cells that formed densely packed, round nests or "cell balls" resembling hair bulbs. The basaloid cells demonstrated peripheral palisading, keratinization and differentiation towards various pilosebaceous structures. Retraction spaces, well developed hair follicles and hair shafts were not observed. These distinctive histologic features separated these neoplasms from other tumors of pilar origin and from basal cell carcinoma. The trichogerminomas behaved in a benign fashion with one exception. Complete excision of the lesions is the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Trichogerminoma. Report of 14 cases. 128 33

Activity of fibrin stabilizing factor and contents of sulphydryl group in the homogenate of malignant skin carcinomas (melanoma, spinocellular carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, fibromyoma, liposarcoma) is higher than in the homogenate of benign neoplasm (lipoma, papilloma) and in the homogenate of the normal skin. Fibrin stabilizing factor activity and contents of sulphydryl group in the blood serum of subjects with malignant skin carcinomas is slightly lower than in the blood serum of subjects benign neoplasm and in healthy subjects.
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PMID:Fibrin stabilizing factor activity of the skin carcinoma. 128 38

Xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare recessive disease with sun sensitivity, increased freckling and defective DNA repair. Xeroderma pigmentosum patients have more than a 1000-fold increased risk of developing skin cancer including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. We studied chemoprevention of new skin cancers with oral retinoids in xeroderma pigmentosum patients who had multiple skin cancers. Xeroderma pigmentosum patients were cleared of all pre-existing tumors surgically and then treated with high dose (2 mg/kg/day) oral isotretinoin (13-cis retinoic acid, Accutane) for two years and then for one year off treatment. Patients were examined at regular intervals for new tumor formation and for side effects. Five xeroderma pigmentosum patients had a total of 121 basal or squamous cell carcinomas in 2 years before treatment and only 25 tumors during 2 years of treatment. The tumor frequency increased 8.5-fold after the drug was discontinued (New Engl J Med 318: 1633-1637, 1988). Toxicity (cutaneous, triglyceride, liver-function or skeletal abnormalities) prompted subsequent use of a low dose protocol. Patients were treated initially with 0.5 mg/kg/day oral isotretinoin and the dose was increased sequentially to 1.0 or 1.5 mg/kg/day. We found that toxicity was less with the lower doses. The lowest effective, least toxic dose varied among the xeroderma pigmentosum patients.
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PMID:Chemoprevention of skin cancer in xeroderma pigmentosum. 129 59

Pigmented tumors of the eyelid are often difficult to identify accurately, as different tumors may have the same clinical presentation. We report the case of a 84 year old female patient who noticed a black tumor of the lower eyelid, with a recent increase in size. Clinically, this lesion was an exophytic tumor of the medial part of the left lower eyelid, respecting the lacrimal punctum and involving the palpebral margin. A surgical excision was performed. Microscopic examination revealed a pigmented seborrheic keratosis, a benign tumor of the epidermis. Histopathology has a key role in the precise diagnosis of pigmented tumors of the eyelid, in which the differential diagnosis concludes sweat gland cysts, pigmented basal cell carcinoma, naevus and uncommon malignant melanoma.
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PMID:[Pigmented seborrheic wart on the skin of the eyelid]. 129 78

Retinoids profoundly affect the normal growth and differentiation of epithelial tissues. Retinoic acid receptor-gamma (RAR-gamma) is a member of a family of retinoid receptors, and has been shown to be expressed almost exclusively in skin. However, little is known about the cellular localization of this receptor in human skin. The authors studied the expression of RAR-gamma in normal skin and human skin tumors by Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization. RAR-gamma mRNA was detected in normal skin as well as in cultures of neonatal keratinocytes. Using an oligonucleotide specific for the RAR-gamma cDNA isoform 1 (RAR-gamma 1), RAR-gamma 1 mRNA was localized to all layers of the epidermis, the outer root sheath of hair follicles, follicular hair bulbs, eccrine and sebaceous glands. Basal cell carcinoma constitutively expressed gamma-1 mRNA and one of seven squamous cell carcinomas showed loss of gamma-1 mRNA expression, relative to adjacent epithelium. By contrast, normal melanocytic nevi and tumor-associated lymphocytes expressed little or no RAR-gamma mRNA. These results suggest that RAR-gamma 1 may play an important role in the maintenance and differentiation of normal epidermis and skin appendages.
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PMID:Cellular localization of retinoic acid receptor-gamma expression in normal and neoplastic skin. 131 41

Eccrine syringofibroadenoma is a rare benign neoplasm with differentiation towards eccrine ducts. Its recognition depends on the histopathological examination; it is to be differentiated mainly from fibroepithelial basal cell carcinoma. Two new cases which occurred in a 70-year-old woman and a 39-year-old woman are presented. Clinically the two neoplasms were each a solitary hyperkeratotic, partially oozing nodule. On microscopic examination they both showed proliferation of small neoplastic cells in a reticular pattern; immature or mature eccrine ductal structures were seen within them. The neoplastic cells in the two cases differed in their content of PAS-positive glycogen.
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PMID:[Eccrine syringofibroadenoma. Report of clinical aspects and histology of two cases with review of the literature]. 133 51

In basal cell carcinoma, release of proteolytic activity is implicated in extracellular matrix degradation and tumor infiltration. The stromelysin metalloproteinase family is a major candidate for the matrix proteolytic activity in infiltrative tumors. However, in murine models of basal cell carcinoma, neither stromelysin 1 nor 2 appears to play a role in tumor infiltration. We have analyzed the expression of the newly described stromelysin 3 in human basal cell carcinoma using Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization. In 12 of 14 cases, levels of stromelysin 3 expression were more than tenfold above those observed in normal skin. In one of five cases of squamous cell carcinoma, stromelysin 3 expression was tenfold above levels seen in normal skin. Stromelysin 3 expression was either undetectable or extremely weak in all five cases of infiltrative malignant melanoma. In basal cell carcinoma, stromelysin 3 transcripts were localized by in situ hybridization to the stromal tissue immediately adjacent to basal cell carcinoma, the tumor cells themselves being negative. Therefore, expression of stromelysin 3 in stromal cells may be expected to play a significant role in destruction of the basal membrane zone and extracellular matrix in basal cell carcinoma invasion.
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PMID:Expression of stromelysin 3 in the stromal elements of human basal cell carcinoma. 134 67

Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen/cyclin (PCNA/cyclin) in skin tissue specimens and cultured keratinocytes was studied using a monospecific antibody, obtained from a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus, and a monoclonal antibody. Indirect immunofluorescent staining revealed that cultured keratinocytes obtained from human foreskins expressed PCNA/cyclin as variable nuclear patterns in 15-30% of the cells. In normal human skin tissue specimens, PCNA/cyclin was demonstrated in only a few basal cells. Interestingly, PCNA/cyclin was expressed strongly in almost all the cells of the lowest layer of the epidermis adjacent to squamous cell carcinomas, whereas the tumor aggregates themselves had no positive staining. In contrast, no such characteristic staining was demonstrated in specimens of basal cell carcinoma. The staining pattern of PCNA/cyclin was different from that of Ki-67 in the skin tissue specimens. Our results suggest that PCNA/cyclin could be a useful marker of cell proliferation.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical localization of proliferating cell nuclear antigen/cyclin in human skin. 135 13


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