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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Giant sections from cystectomy specimens in 45 cases of bladder cancer were examined microscopically after en bloc fixation and processing. There were 35 transitional cell, seven squamous cell, and three mixed transitional cell and squamous carcinomas. Broad front invasion was associated with papillary and superficial tumors while tentacular invasion was associated with solid tumors and a generally poorer prognosis. Carcinoma in situ merged with the invasive cancer in 33 cases, and neoplasia in these cases tended to be multifocal. In 10 cases there was no carcinoma in situ next to the invasive lesion, and the cancer was unifocal. These findings support the concept that there may be two pathogenetic types of bladder cancer, one arising in an extensive field of abnormal epithelium and one arising in a focal area of abnormality. The findings also underscore the importance in clinical management of selected mucosal biopsies adjacent to the site of any visible bladder tumors.
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PMID:Bladder cancer as seen in giant histologic sections. 31 90

Five cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix associated with widespread squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the endometrial surface are reported. In one case, carcinoma in situ was also found in one fallopian tube in continuity with the cervicoendometrial lesion. A survey of the literature reveals only 20 cases with similar surface endometrial involvement by cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Of these, the fallopian tubes were involved by an identical lesion in six cases only. Pyometra and cervical stenosis were reported in about 66% of the cases. This rare form of upward cervical cancer extension was present in five of 680 cases (0.7%) of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix in the file of the Tumor Registry of Magee-Womens Hospital.
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PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the endometrium and fallopian tube as superficial extension of invasive cervical carcinoma. 35 70

The histogenesis of epidermoid metaplasia and carcinoma in situ was analyzed in human bronchial epithelium. The conclusion is that epidermoid metaplasia and carcinoma in situ can result from conversion of mucous cells. This implies the direct transformation of one type of fully differentiated cell to another. The study therefore emphasizes the differentiation potentialities of the mucous cells that can divide and undergo goblet cell hyperplasia and epidermoid metaplasia. Epidermoid metaplasia is a common reaction to injury in the bronchus. In our series of cases it was especially frequent in patients without neoplastic disease who had undergone intratracheal intubation or tracheostomy and who had been maintained on a respirator in the Shock Trauma Unit, University of Maryland. Future studies will be required to distinguish the difference, if any, between epidermoid metaplasia destined to become malignant carcinoma and that which is not. One difference noted in this study was the absence of overt cornification in epidermoid metaplasia in patients without neoplastic disease.
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PMID:The respiratory epithelium. III. Histogenesis of epidermoid metaplasia and carcinoma in situ in the human. 35 51

Tumor-specific immunity to carcinoma of the colon, pancreas and stomach was assayed by tube LAI. Cancers of the colon, pancreas and stomach, were shown to possess organ-type specific neoantigens. In 115 patients with colon cancer, 100%, 75%, 61% with Dukes' A, B and C cancer were LAI positive, respectively. Even a microfocus of in situ cancer in a colon adenoma was sufficient to stimulate measurable tumor-specific immunity in the host. In Dukes' D cancer, 25% of patients with widespread metastasis were positive, whereas 100% with solitary lesions were positive. Reactive leukocytes from patients with colon cancer did not react to extracts of normal bowel mucosa or villous adenoma from LAI-negative patients. Leukocytes from 19% (3 of 16) of patients with colon adenomas reacted to the extract of colon cancer but not normal colon mucosa. Moreover, the LAI-positive response of the patients with colon adenomas or colon cancer is directed to a colon cancer TSA which is linked to beta2-microglobulin. These studies suggest that some colon adenomas express TSA before morphological evidence of cancer. It is not known if the acquisition of a cell surface TSA is an irreversible step toward unrestrained growth and metastasis. In pancreatic cancer, 100% of patients with cancers less than 5 cm and without metastasis were LAI positive, whereas 29% were positive when the cancer was greater than 5 cm or had metastasized. In Patients with stomach cancer, 100% with Stage II and 46% with Stage III and IV cancer were LAI-positive. Leukocytes from patients with other GIT cancers and from patients with inflammatory bowel disease or pancreatitis did not react with extracts of colon, stomach or pancreatic cancer. Leukocytes from patients with metastatic cancer, usually did not react in the tube LAI assay because their surfaces were coated in vivo with TSA. LAI reactivity was present when CEA was not detectable and when CEA levels were elevated LAI activity was often absent. The present study suggests that the automated tube LAI shows sufficient promise to warrant studies to determine its efficacy for the diagnosis of GIT cancers.
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PMID:Tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay in gastrointestinal (GIT) cancer. 37 89

A comparative study shows high incidence of preclinical cancerous lesions of the uterine cervix in women under thirty years of age. The rate of positive cytology in this age group was the same as in the group of women over thirty (0.3 per cent each). The histological findings revealed intraepithelial lesions like dysplasia and carcinoma in situ in the younger group compared to more advanced lesions like microinvasive cancer in the higher-aged group. The use of colposcopy rendered optical evidence--predominantly in the younger group--of lesions which under long-term observation preceded positive cytology for years as well as the consequent histological proof of dysplasia and preclinical carcinoma. As a result of the given and discussed clinical data in both compared age groups the value of colposcopy is stressed in improving the quality of detection of preclinical neoplasia in the uterine cervix and the necessity of cancer-screening in younger-aged women is emphasized.
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PMID:[Does cancer preventive care on the cervix need to be reformed? Gynecological preventive care and early diagnosis--current knowledge on cervix neoplasms]. 42 93

Carcinoma of the larynx is best managed in an interdisciplinary centre with wide therapeutic and rehabilitative services. Current management is confused, but may be simplified by consideration of three groups: 1) no fixation of laryngeal structures, 2) fixation of laryngeal structures and extension beyond the larynx, 3) all others including carcinoma in situ, verrucous carcinoma, transglottic tumor, and squamous carcinoma with marked airway obstruction. The rational treatment of Group 1 glottic tumors is primary radiation, which produces 75% crude and 92% corrected five year tumor free survival. If surgery is undertaken as primary treatment or for salvage, a vertical hemilaryngectomy may preserve the voice. Group 1 supraglottic carcinomas may be divided into supraglottic and marginal. Thirty per cent have palpable nodes at diagnosis and a further 20% occult disease in the cervical chain. Irradiation of neck nodes or block dissection is an integral part of treatment. The indications for a supraglottic horizontal partial laryngectomy are outlined. Where indicated this has five year survival figures of 70%. Recurrence is usually in the neck. Marginal tumors have a 50% five year survival rate when treated by conservation surgery combined with pre-operative radiation. Recent radiotherapeutic advances have improved treatment of these lesions. Thirty to 40% of patients with Group 2 tumors have regional metastases at presentation. There are no fixed protocols for treatment of these patients, less than 50% of whom will survive five years tumor free. The difficulty in carrying out a protocol based on pre-operative radiation with planned surgery is outlined. Under optimum conditions treatment should be primary radiation with salvage surgery for failures or recurrence, for the results are almost as good as primary surgery but 30% of larynges are saved. The difficulties of diagnosing recurrent tumor in irradiated tissue are discussed. Care must be taken to recognize that group of patients in whom tissue edema is the result of perichondritis rather than tumor recurrence, because in these patients surgery is extremely hazardous. Problems of diagnosis and methods of treatment of carcinoma in situ, and verrucous carcinoma are described. Transglottic carcinomas are defined and treatment is primary total laryngectomy with appropriate neck dissection. Similarly if tumors are causing major airway obstruction, treatment is by primary laryngectomy.
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PMID:The management of laryngeal cancer. 43 May 78

Four patients with carcinoma in situ were treated with strontium-90 beta ray application. The dose used was 4,500 rads after surgical removal or with small recurrent tumor and 7,000 rads for primary treatment. All patients were disease-free at follow-up periods of 48 to 320 months after treatment. One patient required superficial x-ray treatment for recurrent disease. No serious complications developed with the treatment and no progressive cataracts have occurred.
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PMID:The use of strontium-90 in the treatment of carcinoma in situ of the conjunctiva. 43 57

Sixty-four (14.7 percent) of 434 consecutive patients having pulmonary resection for bronchogenic carcinoma were found to have microscopic residual tumor on the cut margins of the resected specimens. These subjects were further subdivided histologically into those with direct extension of the tumor (34 patients), lymphatic permeation (14 patients), clumps of cancer cells in parabronchial tissues (six patients), and the presence of carcinoma in situ change (10 patients). Bronchopleural fistulas developed in eight (12.5 percent) of 64 patients. The operative mortality rate was 15.6 percent, with four of the deaths occurring as the result of bronchopleural fistulas. Thirty-two patients (50 percent) survived 1 year, 21 (32.8 percent) survived 3 years, and 15 (23.4 percent) lived for 5 years or more. The patients with tumor in the submucosal and peribronchial lymphatics had the worst prognosis. 78.6 percent having died within 1 year and the remainder within 3 years. All 5-year survivors were men with squamous cell carcinoma and had relatively small tumors (mean diameter 2.9 cm). No direct relationship between the length of the resected bronchial stump and survival could be established; a short stump did not preclude long survival. The possible factors involved in the relatively high 5 year survival rate in this group of patients and the therapeutic implications of these factors are discussed.
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PMID:Survival with residual tumor on the bronchial margin after resection for bronchogenic carcinoma. 45 24

Twelve patients with vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia received topical therapy with 5% 5-fluorouracil cream. Six patients had carcinoma in situ, 5 had moderate dysplasia, and 1 had mild dysplasia. Five patients responded to 1 treatment course. Six patients required 2, and 1 patient required 3 courses of therapy to respond. Three patients developed recurrent vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia 11-16 months after therapy and were retreated with topical 5-fluorouracil. Vaginal irritation occurred in all patients but was limited to the duration of the treatment course.
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PMID:Topical 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of intraepithelial neoplasia of the vagina. 46 Jul 49

Three cases of primary nonpapillary carcinoma of the urinary bladder diagnosed by urinary cytology and multiple biopsies were reported. Bladder specimens of two of the patients were totally embedded for step-sections that were mapped after histopathologic study. Atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma in situ with foci of microscopic invasion affected the bladder mucosa and extended continuously to the distal ureters as well as prostatic urethra. Multicentric distribuion of the abnormal epithelium was definite in one case, and the bladder mucosa was extensively denuded in the other case. Metastasis to one of the regional lymph nodes was noted in the remaining one case. The origin of Pagetoid cells occurring in two of the cases is obscure, but we presume that these cells may represent transformed tumor cells showing differentiation toward the surface umbrella cells, or they are derived from Brunn's nests where the cells may gain potential to differentiate to glandular epithelium.
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PMID:Nonpapillary carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder. A histopathologic study and mapping of the urothelial lesions. 46 59


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