Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

SV-40-transformed hamster prostatic tissue has been previously evaluated as a model for human prostatic carcinoma. Because the original cell line was lost, Syrian golden hamster prostatic tissue has been established in explant culture and infected with a 10-6-cell tissue culture infectious dose (50 percent effective) of SV40. After in vitro transformation, the cells were produced in quantity and 60 times 10-6 cells were injected into adult male Syrian golden hamsters 24 hours after 400 rads of whole-body radiation. After 60-90 days, a small palpable tumor developed. These tumors could be serially transplanted in adult male animals without immunosuppression. The tumor cells were established in tissue culture and the cells were returned to adult animals without immunosuppression where they rapidly produced fast-growing tumors. The solid tumors were composed of sheets of pleomorphic polygonal cells with large nuclei and many nucleoli; they resembled undifferentiated human prostatic carcinoma. In vitro, the cultures contained small, rapidly growing cells with a population doubling time of about 1.3 days. The cells carried the SV 40-specific antigen. The modal chromosome number was 66-68 with a distribution of 47-120. Cells exposed to 2-bromo-5'-deoxyuridine in culture did not release particles with RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity. Endocrine sensitivity in vivo and in vitro is undertermined to date.
Cancer Chemother Rep
PMID:Properties of prostatic cultures transformed by SV40. 4 16

The "virogene-oncogene" hypothesis of Huebner and Todaro and the "provirus" hypothesis of Temin implicate RNA tumor viruses in the neoplastic transformation of mammalian cells. These hypotheses have been substantiated in several animal systems including primates and, presumably, in man. Because the detection in a tissue of one or two activities allegedly related to RNA tumor virus may not be conclusive evidence for viral presence, we have developed a scheme of coordinated morphologic, biologic, and biochemical investigations of human prostatic tissues. We report here the more recent progress we have made in one of the segments of our scheme of investigations. Two, possibly three, DNA polymerase activities from human prostatic tissue have been isolated and partially purified by DEAE-cellulose and phosphocellulose chromatography. These activities have been partially characterized. Based on template preferences and non-inhibition by selective inhibitors of reverse transcriptase, neither of the major polymerase activities appears to be the reverse transcriptase-type activity.
Cancer Chemother Rep
PMID:The search for "virogene" in human prostatic tissues: prostatic DNA polymerases. 4 15

Plasma and prostatic fluid from man, dog, and baboon were measured for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) by a radioimmunoassay technique. No CEA was detected in plasma, prostatic fluid, or seminal fluid in 12 dogs and three baboons. Elevated CEA (less than 2.5 ng/ml) was found in 13 of 20 human prostatic fluids. It was inferred that there was no immunologic cross-reactivity of CEA among man, dog, and baboon. CEA has been isolated and purified from liver tumors. Biochemical studies reveal that CEA consists of 60 percent carbohydrate and 40 percent protein. It contains the following carbohydrates: fucose, mannose, galactose, sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, and a small amount of N-acetylgalactosamine. The following amino acids were found in CEA: lysine, histidine, arginine, aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, valine, emthionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and cysteine. The amino acid sequence (first 30 amino acids) of the N-terminal has been determined. The N-terminal amino acid was lysine. Using this study as a model, other tumor antigens from prostatic tumor tissues are being investigated. The acid phosphatase isoenzyme from prostatic tissue was also studied. After a series of purifications, two chromatographic fractions were obtained. Treatment with neuraminidase removed the sialic acid content of the molecule, changed the isoelectric focusing patterns, and abolished the chromatographic heterogeneity. Sedimentation studies indicated a molecular weight of about 100,000. Biochemical studies showed that prostatic acid phosphatase isoenzyme is a glycoprotein which consists of 7 percent carbohydrate and 93 percent protein. It contains fucose, galactose, mannose, sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, and the following amino acids: aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lysine, histidine, arginine, tryptophan, and cysteine. An antiserum to this purified prostatic acid phosphatase isoenzyme is being prepared in animals.
Cancer Chemother Rep
PMID:Tumor antigen and acid phosphatase isoenzyme in prostatic cancer. 4 19

In vitro, colony inhibition tests using lymphocytes and serum from 42 patients with other carcinomas, and 12 control patients with no carcinoma, were performed using cultured target cells (CALI). Target cell colony counts were significantly diminished by lymphocytes of 2 of 12 (16.7 percent) patients with no cancer, compared with those 26 of 42 (61.9 percent) patients with epidermoid carcinoma. An unexpected finding was significant colony inhibition of lymphocytes of 23 of 27 (85.2 percent) patients tested within 24 months of diagnosis of carcinoma compared with significant inhibition in only 3 of 15 (20 percent) patients tested after 24 months of diagnosis of carcinoma. Serum blocking factor was found in 9 of 42 (21.4 percent) patients with epidermoid carcinoma. It was found on follow-up that four of these nine (44.4 percent) had later recurrent or new tumors compared to recurrence or new tumor incidence of only 6 of 33 (18.2 percent) patients with no serum blocking factor present in the serum.
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PMID:A search for common tumor specific antigen and serum blocking factor in head and neck epidermoid carcinomas. 4 34

Iodine-131-labeled immunospecific gamma globulin derived from immunization of rabbits with F antigen, a tumor associated antogen in Hodgkin's disease, has been utilized for intralymphatic infusion in a patient with known recurrent Hodgkin's disease inthe inguinofemoral and pelvic regions. Rectilinear scanning successfully delineatedthe tumor masses, and external monitoring showed retention of activity in the tumor sitesover an 8-day period.
Cancer 1975 Jun
PMID:Radionuclide immunoglobulin lymphangiography: a case report. 5 Jan 21

Twenty-two children with rhabdomyosarcoma were treated with combination chemotherapy using vincristine, actinomycin D, and cyclophosphamide for varying time periods. Chemotherapy, usually combined with radiation therapy, was given to early stage patients after they had had a com plete or partial tumor resection. Three of nine patients who had widespread metastatic (stage III) disease at initiation of therapy had complete tumor regression and four of nine had partial tumor regression. However, the median durations of response and survival were brief (3 and 8 months respectively). Five patients with localized resectable (stage I) disease have survived without evidence of tumor recurrence from 33 to 69 months after their initial diagnosis. Of eight patients with incompletely resected regional (stage IIB) disease, one has survived without disease recurrence for 36 months, thought the median survival time of the remaining seven patients was 14 months. In stage IIB patients the duration of response was proportional to the duration of chemotherapy which suggests that chemotherapy should be given for at least 18-24 months.
Cancer Chemother Rep
PMID:Combined chemotherapy in childhood rhabdomyosarcoma. 5 Jan 23

Twenty-seven unselected patients with limited disease non-oat-cell bronchogenic carcinoma were treated with a chemotherapy- radiotherapy protocol which consisted of bleomycin, vincristine, and methotrexate followed by split-course radiation. There were 15 objective responders with a median survival time in excess of 70+ weeks in contrast to a median survival time of 26 weeks for nonresponders (P less than 0.01). Objective benefit was limited to the epidermoid carcinoma group since none of the adenocarcinoma group achieved a greater than 50% reduction in maximum tumor diameter. The median survival time for the entire groups was 42 weeks in contrast to a recent split-course radiotherapy historical control group whose median survival time was 38 weeks. Toxic effects were predominantly gastrointestinal.
Cancer Chemother Rep
PMID:Combination chemotherapy with bleomycin (NSC-125066), vincristine (NSC-67574), and methotrexate (NSC-740) plus split-course radiotherapy in the treatment of non-oat-cell bronchogenic carcinoma. 5 Jan 24

An in vitro cell line (SGT) derived from a mouse submaxillary gland adenocarcinoma (TGS) containing A and B viral particles maintained its oncogenicity only for newborn isogeneic hosts (C3H/He mice) immunosuppressed with antithymocyte serum. Inoculation into adult isogeneic animals did not cause tumor but provided partial protection against a challenge with TGS cells. The loss of oncogenicity for nonimmunosuppressed isogeneic hosts was accompanied by the acqusition of oncogenicity for adult, nonimmunosuppressed, xenogeneic hosts (golden hamsters) given subcutaneous inoculations of SGT cells on the back. From the tumor grown in the hamster, which is histologically similar to the original tumor of the mouse, an in vitro cell line (HWS) was derived. The comparative analysis of the 2 cell lines, SGT and HWS, led to the following conclusions: (a) the karyological pattern of the 2 cell lines in virtually the same; (b) the cell surface antigenic pattern is similar for the 2 cell lines, as determined by colony inhibition test and cytotoxicty test; (c) the cells of the HWS line behave serologically as a mouse-hamster hybrid, also as determined by colony inhibition and cytotoxicity tests; (d) both cell lines have only intracytoplasmic viral particles of the A type; and (e) agglutination with the plant lectins concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin occurs at lower concentrations of agglutinin for HWS cells than for SGT cells.
Cancer Res 1975 Sep
PMID:Viral expression, oncogenicity, and antigenicity of a mouse salivary gland tumor and two cell lines derived from it. 5 Jan 30

The studies were undertaken to determine whether the cat, a mammalian species that carries xenotropic endogenous C-type virus(es) and in addition undergoes horizontally transmitted oncogenic C-type RNA tumor virus infections, responds immunologically to the mammalian C-type virus interspecies antigens. Sera from normal cats and from cats with spontaneous or virus-induced neoplasms were examined for antibodies to interspecies antigen antigen by complement-fixation inhibition, by inhibition of the paired radioiodine-labeled antibody technique (PRILAT inhibition), and by two-step radioimmunoelectrophoresis. Using three separate complement-fixation inhibition systems designed to detect antibodies to interspecies antigen(s), 23 of 23 sera from tumor-bearing cats and 24 of 31 sera from normal cats were positive in both systems. The negative sera were from germ-free cats. Among the 49 positive sera, 47 yielded titers of 1:16 or greater by one or more complement-fixation inhibition tests. Of these 47 sera, 42 were positive by the paired radioiodine-labeled antibody technique inhibition test; the 5 paired radioiodine-labeled antibody technique-negative sera were from normal specific-pathogen-free cats. Direct reaction with the interspecies determinant on the p30 protein from Rauscher murine leukemia virus by immunoglobulin from cats immunized with feline leukemia virus was shown by two-step radioimmunoelectrophoresis. The feline antibody was also identified as an immunoglobulin by column chromatography and two-step radioimmunoelectrophoresis. These antibodies did not fix guinea pig complement during reaction with the interspecies antigen. That other mammals may produce similar noncomplement-fixing (guinea pig) antibodies to RNA tumor virus antigens is likely.
Cancer Res 1975 Sep
PMID:Antibody in cats to mammalian RNA tumor virus interspecies antigens. 5 Jan 33

Five cases of leiomyoblastoma of the stomach and one located in the small intestine have been reported. Two of the gastric tumours metastasized. The characteristic feature of leiomyoblastoma is vacuolation of the cytoplasm of polygonal tumour cells, with regularly demonstrable transitions into smooth muscle cells. The size of the neoplasm and the presence of mitoses do not represent sufficiently reliable features permitting to recognize the biological behaviour of the tumour. Cellular and nuclear pleomorphism seemed to be a much more reliable index of malignancy in the two cases of ourselves.
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PMID:[Leiomyoblastoma of the digestive tract]. 5 Jan 45


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