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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A postmenopausal breast cancer patient with a measurable lung metastasis was treated with tamoxifen. The tumor doubling time of the pulmonary lesion was 140 days during spontaneous growth and 52 days during tamoxifen therapy, an almost threefold increase in tumor growth rate. This stimulation persisted fro 1 month after discontinuation of tamoxifen and was followed thereafter by a withdrawal regression lasting greater than 6 months. Awareness of the possible tumor growth enhancement with tamoxifen is of importance especially in view of its prolonged activity. Hormone withdrawal regression may occur following tamoxifen therapy, and a sufficient time interval should therefore elapse between cessation of tamoxifen and initiation of other therapeutic modalities.
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PMID:Tamoxifen-induced tumor stimulation and withdrawal response. 23 Aug 94

This study measured receptor and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) contents in 2 different samples of the same tumor from a human breast cancer to test if results from 1 fragment to the other differ enough to require tumor reclassification. Measurements were taken in 2 samples from 33 primary infiltrating ductal carcinomas. DNA content was found to vary among different subjects and within the same tumor. Receptor distribution also varied; in 45% of the cases, the receptor distribution was homogeneous, and in 55% it was not. In 15% of the cases, 1 fragment was estrogen receptor negative and another was positive, regardless of the parameter to which results were related (DNA or protein). These results showed that there is often no relationship between receptor and DNA contents, since a higher receptor concentration does not always correspond to higher DNA concentrations. No correlation between DNA and receptors was found. The implications of these findings on the use of single biopsy for breast cancer determinations are obvious and are discussed.
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PMID:DNA and oestradiol receptor distribution in human breast cancer. 23 23

We review the physical principles, method of operation, measurement limitations, and potential medical applications of microwave thermography. We present detailed results of a study of breast cancer detection at 1.3 and 3.3 GHz, including the dependence of detection rates on microwave frequency, time, tumor depth, and tumor size. At 1.3 GHz, microwave thermography detects breast cancer as well as infrared thermography (true-positive rate = 0.76 when true-negative rate = 0.63). When the two methods are combined, the true-positive rate increases by about 0.1 over that of either method alone.
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PMID:Microwave thermography: principles, methods and clinical applications. 25 78

Previous studies have identified human breast tumor particles possessing many of the features characteristic of RNA tumor viruses. In addition to the expected size (600 S) and density (1.16 g/ml) these include possession of an outer membrane and an inner one surrounding a "core" containing a DNA polymerase and a large-molecular-weight (70S) RNA possessing detectable homology to the RNAs of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) and of the Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV). We report here the purification and characterization of the DNA polymerase from the human breast cancer particles. Its key properties are very similar to those ofthe RNA-dependent DNA nucleotidyltransferase (reverse transcriptase) found in MMTV and MPMV. Thus like these viral enzymes, the purified human breast cancer DNA polymerase exhibits the following three features that together distinguish the known viral reverse transcriptases from normal cellular DNA polymerases: (i) a strong preference for oligo(dT)-poly(rA) over oligo(dT)-poly(dA) as a template for the synthesis of poly(dT); (ii) the acceptance of the highly specific oligo(dG)-poly(rCm) as a template for the formation of poly(dG); (iii) the ability to use a viral RNA (AMV) as a template to fashion a faithful DNA complementary copy; and (iv) its preference for Mg++ over Mn++. In summary, the data described here on the enzyme of the human breast cancer particles add further evidence of similarities to the viral agents associated with the corresponding malignancies in the mouse and monkey models. To date, an enzyme with these properties has not been detected in normal breast tissues or in benign tumors of the breast.
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PMID:Purification and characterization of the DNA polymerase of human breast cancer particles. 26 40

The presence of micrometastatic disease at the time of diagnosis is the major cause of failure in the treatment of cancer. The mechanisms, biology, and biochemistry of tumor metastases at an experimental level are being effectively studied. Potential control points and therapeutic implications are emerging. These are being employed in the construction of clinical trials involving adjuvant chemotherapy. This is part of combined modality treatment in which the best of treatment design to achieve local control (surgery and/or x-ray) is combined with systemic treatment (chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy) designed to irradicate microscopic metastases. The evolution of such studies in patients with breast cancer and osteogenic sarcoma over the past five years is presented. Disease-free survival has improved as a result of adjuvant chemotherapy for both of these diseases. While a longer follow-up will be required to determine more precisely the impact of multi-disciplinary treatment on these and other diseases, the short-time results are promising.
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PMID:Rationale for combined therapy. 26 6

Chromosomes of a breast cancer and two colonic cancers were studied with banding methods. An intracystic papillary carcinoma of breast had the following constitution: 46, XX, -1, +3, -20, +i(1q), +i(1q), +t(1;20)(p13;p13). The second tumor, a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the colon had several autosomal trisomies and del(3)(p14). There was karyotype stability in both tumors. The third tumor, an undifferentiated colonic cancer, had a pseudodiploid stemline, namely 46, XX, -1, +(1q), and four sidelines with additional numerical changes.
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PMID:Banding analysis of three primary cancers. 28 53

Malignant effusions from 150 patients with breast carcinoma were examined to determine whether cytologic features could be related to prognosis. Four features were studied: tumor cellularity and frequency of mitoses in tumor cells as an indication of their proliferative activity, leukocytic (lymphocytic) background as a possible measure of host reaction and tumor cell cluster formation as an indication of the tumor growth pattern. The clinical outlook was poor in all the patients with effusions due to breast cancer, and we found no good relationship between any of these four cytologic features and prognosis.
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PMID:Absence of prognostic features in the cytology of effusions due to mammary cancer. 28 49

One hundred and thirty-three patients, 94 with acute luekemia and 39 with solid tumors, received rubidazone, alone or in combination, at M. D. Anderson Hospital. The initial study, a phase I--II study carried out in 39 patients with acute leukemia, revealed substantial antileukemic activity with optimal results at a dose level of 450 mg/m2. Toxic manifestations included an acute reaction suggestive of histamine release with dose-limiting mucositis at a dose of 600 mg/m2. Forty-seven patients with acute leukemia were treated at phase II dose levels. Thirteen of 32 patients (42%) with acute myelogenous leukemia and seven of ten patients (70%) with acute lymphocytic leukemia achieved complete remission. Twenty-seven previously untreated patients with acute leukemia who were greater than 50 years old were treated with rubidazone in combination with cytosine arabinoside, vincristine, and prednisone. Fifteen patients (50%) achieved complete remission including 12 of 15 patients (73%) who were treated at a dose of 200 mg/m2 of rubidazone on Day 1 and a dose of 70 mg/m2/day X 7 days of cytosine arabinoside (continuous infusion). For patients with solid tumors, the dose-limiting toxic effect was myelosuppression at a dose of 200 mg/m2. Other toxicity at that dose level was minimal. The best responses were seen in patients with carcinoma of the period with two of four evaluable patients showing objective tumor regression. Of six previously untreated patients with thyroid carcinoma none responded, and in a phase II study of patients with breast cancer there were no partial remissions among 13 patients. Cardiac toxicity, manifested by congestive heart failure, occurred in seven patients at cumulative doses of 1050--2600 mg/m2 of rubidazone; all patients had had prior anthracycline therapy at low doses. Rubidazone has been shown to be an active antileukemic agent, but appears to be less active than Adriamycin in our studies of patients with solid tumors.
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PMID:Clinical studies with rubidazone. 28 57

Histological examination of the gingivovestibular lesion in the first case with known kidney cancer, confirmed the metastatic nature of the buccal tumor and its origin. The second case raised the problem of the diagnosis of a labial swelling occurring during widespread metastases from breast cancer. The third case was more complex as the palatine lesion was seen initially, and metastatic seeding extremely rapid. This led to the hypothesis only, that bronchial cancer was the primary lesion.
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PMID:[Buccal metastases from soft-tissue cancers. A report on 3 cases (author's transl)]. 29 Nov 14

Serum tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) and plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were simultaneously measured in 108 patients with breast cancer, in 40 healthy women, and in 26 women with benign breast disease. TPA levels were elevated (0.09 microgram/ml or higher) in 53% of 19 patients with primary breast cancer, and CEA levels were elevated (2.5 ng/ml) in 21%. Among 67 patients with metastatic breast cancer, TPA and CEA levels were increased in 70% and 61%, respectively. TPA was positive in 13% and CEA in 8% of the healthy women. CEA levels were not elevated in patients with benign breast disease, but levels of TPA were elevated in 27% of those studied. Elevation of TPA levels was more frequent in patients with visceral metastasis having higher values of the test results. Among 22 women with breast cancer who had no apparent cancer recurrence, TPA levels were elevated in 12 and CEA levels in 6. In another group of 39 patients with metastatic breast cancer who received palliative therapy, a limited correlation was noted between the clinical course of the disease and changes in TPA and CEA values measured in linear fashion. Thus TPA appeared to be equal to CEA as a tumor marker in most areas analyzed.
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PMID:Human tissue polypeptide antigen in breast cancer. 29 6


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