Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum samples from patients with various malignancies including acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), brain tumor (BT), Hodgkin's disease (HD), and non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were evaluated for nucleolytic activity against six synthetic polynucleotides: polyadenylic acid, polyuridylic acid, polycytidylic acid, polyguanylic acid, polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid, and polyguanylic-polycytidylic acid; The enzyme activity was determined spectrophotometrically by following the degradation of substrate to acid-soluble nucleotides. Most patients had elevated serum RNase activity at the 95% confidence level when compared to 30 controls. Included in this group were 67% of patients with ANLL, 46% of patients with BT, 73% of patients with HD, and 67% of patients with NHL. These data confirmed the earlier suggestion that elevated serum nuclease activity is found in patients with neoplastic disease. However, whether or not a serum was identified as abnormal depended on the substrate used in the assay; this underscored the need to test samples against a variety of polynucleotides. Alterations in serum nucleolytic activity represent an important marker of neoplastic disease and can serve as the basis for a useful clinical screening device.
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PMID:Abnormal profile of human nucleolytic activity as a test for cancer. 120 31

The 6 cases of brain tumor with ipsilateral cerebral hemiatrophy in which 4 cases were experienced in our institute and 2 cases were found in literature were studied in this paper. The specific character which was common in 6 cases were observed in their clinical course and the findings of clinical examinations. The histopathological study was proceeded with a autopsy case to observe the correlation between brain tumor and the ipsilateral cerebral hemiatrophy. As the result of it, we discussed the mechanism of appearance of the ipsilateral cerebral hemiatrophy due to brain tumor in the thalamic region. 1) All six cases were very young in which the age of onset was between 8 to 14 years old, 11 years 8 months old in average. 2) Their clinical course was relatively chronic. The period from onset to first admission was between 1 year 2 months to 4 years, 2 years and 1 month in average. 3) The declining of school work and hemiparesis were recognized as the primary sign of their onset. Main symptoms were hemiparesis, dementia, character and emotional change, and abnormal behavior, but sign of increased intracranial pressure was not observed. 4) The findings of carotid angiogram and pneumoence-phalogram showed ipsilateral hemiatrophy on the tumor side. 5) The brain tumor localized in the thalamic region and its surroundings which was common with all six cases. 6) Histopathological diagnosis was pinealoma, and 3 autopsy cases were ectopic pinealoma and the other 3 cases were suspected too as ectopic pinealoma. 7) In our autopsy case, ipsilateral cortical and subcortical atrophy with ectopic pinealoma was observed. As the pathological findins, degeneration and destruction of ganglion cells, demyelination in the subcortex and damage of axon were observed. These findings suggested that the ipsilateral cerebral hemiatrophy was induced by Waller's and retrograde degeneration as the result of the secondary damages of the thalamic ganglion cells and the afferent and efferent nerve fibers, due to invasive tumor into thalamic region.
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PMID:[Four cases of ectopic pinealoma with ipsilateral cerebral hemiatrophy (author's transl)]. 123 86

Normal, viral transformed and tumor-derived cells grown in tissue culture and representing different species were tested for their ability to produce an extracellular tumor angiogenesis factor (TAF). TAF was assayed by measuring the host-mediated vascular response of the chorioallantoic membrane to TAF preparations. All of the viral transformed and tumor-derived cells tested, including SVT2, SVW126, Welker 256 rat carcinoma, B-16 mouse melanoma, human glioblastoma, and human meningioma cells, produced TAF. The potency of the TAF preparations, as measured by the number of cells needed to induce a positive vascular response on the chorioallantoic membrane, varied from cell line to cell line. The most potent cells tested were the glioblastoma and maningioma brain tumor cells. Since these brain tumors are found to be the most highly vascularized tumors in vivo, it was concluded that a correlation exists between the vascularity of a tumor in vivo and the potency of TAF in vitro. There was no detectable angiogenesis activity induced by density-inhibited BALB/c primary mouse embryo or early-passage human skin fibroblasts, even when relatively large numbers of cells were used to make a sample. However, density-inhibited BALB/c 3T3 aan W138 human embryonic lung fibroblasts, two cell lines widely regarded as demonstrating "normal" growth behavior in culture, produced TAF. From these and other observations, it was suggested that BALB/c 3T3 and W138 are not fully "normal" cells. Furthermore, it was suggested that the production of TAF is an early event in the cell transformation process that precedes the loss of density inhibition of growth in vitro.
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PMID:Tumor angiogenesis activity in cells grown in tissue culture. 124 90

A series of 3,6-substituted 2,5-diaziridinyl-1,4-benzoquinones was prepared as potential CNS antitumor agents. Activity was evaluated in the murine leukemia L1210 system. The diurethane derivative 9 was found to have significant activity in that system as well as in the intraperitoneal P388 and B16 tumor models. Marginal Lewis lung activity was observed. Reproducible activity was seen in the intracerebral L1210 and P388 systems. Multiple cures were observed in the murine ependymoblastoma brain tumor model. The effect of substituent type on aziridinylquinone activity is discussed.
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PMID:Potential central nervous system antitumor agents. Aziridinylbenzoquinones. 1. 124 12

Desmosterol, a possible chemical indicator of brain tumors, was detected in cells of neurogenic, nitrosourea-induced rat tumors (neurinomas and gliomas, C6 cell line) and in human astrocytomas grown in lipid-poor media. A further increase in the amount of cell desmosterol was obtained when triparanol was added to media containing delipidized serum. Cholesterol was replaced almost completely by desmosterol in tumor cells grown in media containing nontoxic levels of 20,25-diazacholesterol. Desmosterol did not accumulate when these inhibitors of desmosterol-reductase were added to culture media containing cholesterol and other lipids (whole fetal calf serum). The results demonstrate that tumors of the nervous system grown in tissue culture are capable of sterol synthesis, and indicate that a central mechanism of cholesterol synthesis is operative in these cells, which may be related to the availability of exogenous cholesterol. It is concluded that these findings are relevant to clinical studies on the use of cholesterol inhibitors as tools for the detection of brain tumor activity.
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PMID:Desmosterol in human and experimental brain tumors in tissue culture. 125 60

Angiography, 99Tcm-pertechnetate scintigraphy and encephalography are compared in their efficacy in the detection of tumor recurrences in 45 patients following brain tumor resection. No single method is always preferable and the best way of detecting a particular tumor recurrence is based on the location and nature of the primary tumor. Scintigraphy is the method of choice for performing routine postoperative follow-up. In cerebral hemisphere tumors angiography may be replaced by brain scanning which is a lesser procedure for the patient and does not necessitate hospitalisation. Encephalography is the examination favoured for detecting recurrences near the base of the skull. Angiography is the best method for demonstrating recurrences near the surface in the region of craniotomy and is essential before reoperation.
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PMID:Radiology for detecting brain tumor recurrences. 127 56

Three cases of primary brain tumors simulating purulent meningitis have been described. Two patients were infants suffering from ependymoma of the posterior fossa, while the third was a 35-year-old man with astrocytoma of the temporal lobe. All cases were characterized by acute onset with fever, signs of meningeal irritation without any other neurological signs, and marked CSF pleocytosis. The diagnosis in 2 cases was made only at necropsy, and the third case was correctly diagnosed only after a delay. The possible occurrence of brain tumor and meningitis simultaneously was considered and seemed unlikely in our cases. A possible explanation for the clinical and CSF findings was irritation of the leptomeninges by the tumor and its breakdown products.
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PMID:Brain tumors simulating purulent meningitis. 127 92

Moyamoya disease associated with prolactin (PRL)-producing pituitary adenomas occurred in two females with elevated blood PRL levels (285 and 120 ng/ml). Computed tomography revealed cystic tumors extending from the sella turcica to the suprasellar cistern. Carotid angiography demonstrated stenoses or obstructions of the bilateral internal carotid arteries at their end point and development of bilateral basal moyamoya vessels. Histological diagnosis in one case was PRL-producing chromophobe adenoma. No stigmata of neurofibromatosis or any history of irradiation was found. Compression of carotid arteries by the tumor was unlikely. These cases should therefore be classified as moyamoya disease accompanied by brain tumor, a very rare occurrence. The hypothalamic disturbance caused by moyamoya disease may have induced the hyperprolactinemia, resulting in secondary prolactinoma.
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PMID:Moyamoya disease associated with pituitary adenoma--report of two cases. 128 Jul 77

We have used the 9L rat brain tumor model to search for effective chemotherapeutic approaches to the management of brain tumors. Several antineoplastic agents which have been proposed or are currently being used for human brain tumors, including 1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU), bleomycin, aziridinylbenzoquinone (AZQ), cis-Platinum, and acivicin, were administered intravenously (iv), intraperitoneally (ip), or intracerebrally (ic) to rats burdened with the intracranial 9L gliosarcoma. The results confirm that BCNU is the most effective systemic agent among the chemotherapeutic agents tested as indicated by its ability to significantly increase the median survival time (MST) and life span of the tumor-burdened animals. Bleomycin is an effective agent against the intracranial 9L tumor when administered ic. While neither systemic single iv dose AZQ (0.5-2.5 mg/kg) nor multiple ip treatments (0.5-1.0 mg/kg x 5, q 6 h) were effective in prolonging the survival, single ic dose AZQ (5-50 micrograms/rat) treatment significantly increased the MST of the treated animals (P < 0.05). Systemic AZQ treatments using higher doses produced a hematological toxicity, resulting in a decrease in MST of the treated animals. Cis-Platinum, either administered ip or ic, produced only a marginal effect on survival, although acute neurologic toxicity limited the dose of cis-Platinum that could be administered ic. Acivicin, either administered ip or ic, produced no effect on the survival of treated animals. Our results suggest that local treatment with certain antineoplastic agents may be an efficient therapy in the management of brain tumors.
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PMID:Intracerebral chemotherapy in the 9L rat brain tumor model. 128 Dec 24

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether interferon [IFN] can affect intracerebrally grown glioma and how alteration of the blood-brain barrier [BBB] may influence this effect. An intracerebrally implanted glioma G-26 (G-26) mouse brain-tumor model was developed and used in these studies. Histological characterization of this intracerebrally grown tumor revealed its anaplastic character. The astrocytic origin of G-26 was evidenced by glial fibrillary acidic protein staining and electron microscopic visualization of glial filaments. A study of tumor progression and animal survival showed development of a well defined tumor nodule within approximately seven days after the implantation. The median animal survival time was 27 +/- 3.8 days. The integrity of the blood-brain barrier [BBB] within the tumor was evaluated by the intravenous injection of horseradish peroxidase at days 3, 7, 10 and 20 after brain tumor implant and compared to 'sham' controls. The tumor-induced BBB alteration was progressive from day 3 to day 20. Glioma-26 subcutaneously passed in C57BL/6 mice was also continuously cultured in vitro. Its proliferation was inhibited by homologous mouse interferon alpha/beta [MuIFN alpha/beta] but not by human interferon alpha lymphoblastoid or human interferon beta. The in vivo studies of G-26 glioma treatment with MuIFN alpha/beta were performed using single bolus of IFN in osmotically altered animals or slow IFN infusion through osmotic micro-pumps. The slow infusion of IFN had no effect on animal survival. However, a statistically significant increase in animal survival was observed after single bolus IFN treatment following osmotic BBB alteration.
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PMID:Evaluation of blood-brain barrier permeability and the effect of interferon in mouse glioma model. 128 Dec 26


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