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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two 8-month-old and two 4-month-old male beagle dogs received 250 ml of 150 microgram/ml solution of N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG) and 2% Tween 60 mixed with a pellet diet twice a day for 8 months as the same methods used for mongrel dogs in our first report [Juntendo Medical Jouranl 19, 579-583 (1973)]. Gastric carcinomas with distant lymph nodes metastases occurred in three beagle dogs except for one died from anesthesia at the endoscopy. Metastases to the liver were observed in two beagles. In the most long-lived beagles, peritonitis carcinomatosa with ascites and metastases to the liver, lungs, bones, and skin were found. Main gastric tumors were located at the subcardia in two dogs (elevated tumor in dog No. 6, ulcerated tumor in dog No. 8), but in dog No 7 at the angulus (ulcerated tumor). Histologically, carcinomas were composed of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, tubular adenocarcinoma, and undifferentiated adenocarcinoma. In all of three dogs which developed adenocarcinoma of the stomach, Stewart's criteria were completely satisifed. Using our methods the target organ is limited only to the stomach, without any sarcomatous lesion of the intestines.
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PMID:Adenocarcinomas of the stomach induced in beagle dogs by oral administration of N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. 14 26

Histochemical examinations of 28 cancers of Vater's papilla detected argirophilic cells in 7 (25%) and argentaffinic cells in 3 (10.8%) tumors. Neoplastic endocrine cells occurred most frequently in structures of the highly differentiated papillary and tubular adenocarcinoma. The analysis of the qualitative composition of mucus produced by these tumors showed the likelihood of detection of endocrine cells in cancer of Vater's papilla to increase with higher secretion of acid mucopolysaccharides and to decrease with a higher portion of sulphomucines in them. The occurrence of impregnated endocrine cells and non-sulphated acid mucopolysaccharides in cancers of Vater's papilla appears to indicate the differentiation of the tumor tissue in the direction of the intestinal epithelium. The regular participation of argentaffinic and argirophilic cells in the development of intestinal tumors, in particular, cancer of Vater's papilla is in favour of the entodermal origin of endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract.
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PMID:[Endocrine cells in cancer of the ampulla of Vater]. 15 Aug 27

The oxidative phosphorylation and ATPase activity (initial and stimulated by DNP and Mg2+) in tumor mitochondria were investigated. The intact mitochondria of Zajdela hepatoma, in contrast to liver mitochondria, exhibit the ATPase activity which is slightly stimulated by 2,4-dinitrophenol and is markedly activated by Mg2+. The mitochondria from transplantable solid tumors (adenocarcinoma 755, Iensen sarcoma, sarcoma 45) despite satisfactory morphological integrity under electron microscopy are biochemically less intact than the mitochondria of hepatoma. ATPase of these mitochondria is also slightly stimulated by 2,4-dinitrophenol and significantly by Mg2+. The ATPase activity of thymus mitochondria, the normal tissue with sufficiently high proliferative activity, corresponds to that of tumor mitochondria. The total amount of enzyme in mitochondria of tumors investigated and thymus is not lowered, since the ATPase activity in the presence of both DNP and Mg2+ corresponds to the ATPase activity of liver mitochondria. The Mg2+ ATPase activity of tumor mitochondria is not sensitive or is only partly sensitive to oligomycin. The data obtained are indicative of a high lability of the phosphorylating system in tumor and thymus mitochondria. A possibility of reorganization of the energy mechanism of tumor mitochondria and some normal tissues in connection with increased metabolism requiring high energy consumption, is discussed.
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PMID:[Some peculiarities of ATPase in tumor mitochondria]. 15 49

The histogenesis of so-called adenomatoid tumors has been contested. Doubts as to a mesothelial derivation often have been based on the belief that adenomatoid tumors originate exclusively in or nearby genital tract organs. This report documents a histologically typical adenomatoid tumor which developed in the mesentery of the small intestine. Extensive clinical investigations and an uneventful 3-year postoperative follow-up interval confirmed that the tumor was not a metastatic adenocarcinoma or malignant mesothelioma. The extragenital site of origin of this neoplasm provides additional corroborative evidence for the mesothelial origin of adenomatoid tumors. Regardless of their anatomic location, these distinctive neoplasms should be classified as benign adenomatoid mesotheliomas.
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PMID:Extragenital adenomatoid tumor: Evidence for the mesothelial theory of origin. 15 63

The effects of estrogens on transport and incorporation of amino acids into the R3230AC mammary adenocarcinoma were studied in vivo and in vitro. Dissociated tumor cells from ovariectomized rats, like those from diabetic rats, displayed elevated transport of proline, representing entry by the A system; transport of phenylalanine (L system) was unaltered, as was glucose transport and its utilization. Administration of estradiol valerate decreased the entry of proline into tumor cells from intact, diabetic, or ovariectomized animals; the response to the steroid hormone was greater in ovariectomized or diabetic rats compared to intact animals. The time course of the effects of estrogen treatment was examined in diabetic rats. By 72 hr, transport of both proline and leucine was significantly decreased; incorporation of leucine into proteins and uridine into RNA was significantly reduced by 24 hr after injection of estradiol valerate. The effects of estrogen in vivo to reduce transport of amino acids and their incorporation into proteins appeared to correlate with the reduced tumor growth observed. Experiments were performed to examine the effects of 17 beta-estradiol in vitro on amino acid transport into dissociated cells from ovariectomized or diabetic rats. Under these experimental conditions, 17 beta-estradiol (10(-6)M) inhibited proline transport with little or no effect on leucine transport in cells from ovariectomized rats; in cells from diabetic rats, proline transport and leucine incorporation were significantly reduced by estradiol, whereas phenylalanine transport was slightly inhibited (approximately 20%). The effect of estradiol in vitro was also manifest in tumor cells obtained from diabetic rats treated in vivo with estradiol valerate; estradiol in vitro caused a further reduction in proline transport but not in leucine transport, results that imply some specificity to the action of estrogen on the A system. Since we had earlier shown that insulin action on transport in these tumor cells were directed towards the A system, we examined the effects of insulin, estradiol, and their combination in vitro on proline and leucine transport. Insulin (10(-8) M) stimulated proline transport; 17 beta-estradiol, at a selected lower level of 10(-8) M, inhibited proline transport. When both were added in vitro, estradiol (10(-8 M) was capable of significantly reducing the insulin (10(-8) M)-induced increase in proline transport. Leucine transport was not altered in any of these experiments. Together, these data suggest that estrogens are capable of inhibiting amino acid transport into the R3230AC mammary carcinoma, an effect that is compatible with reduced tumor growth. The possible relationship of estrogen and insulin at the level of amino acid transport remains to be elucidated.
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PMID:Effects of estrogen to alter amino acid transport in R3230AC mammary carcinomas and its relationship to insulin action. 15 4

A 39-year-old bus driver had been suffering for 2 years from a malignant polypoid mucosal proliferation of the upper nasal concha-ethmoid region, resembling a highly differentiated, villous-glandular adenocarcinoma of enteric type. There were numerous mono- and amphicrine cells and a massive quantity of oxyphilic, frequently Paneth-like goblet cells in the tumor. Immune-histochemically, a number of gastrin- and fewer glucagon-positive cells were identified. The somatostatin level in the serum was clearly increased. Electron-microscopically, 7 different endocrine cell types were identifiable, in order of decreasing frequency: A-like- and G-cells, both types of 5-HT-cells, A-cells, EG- and K-cell-like elements. Particularly impressive were the muco-argyrophilic amphicrine cells, containing A-granules. The unusual enteric character of the carcinoma seems to result from boundary movements and tissue displacements in an ecto-entodermal embryonic border region. There was no history of occupational wood dust inhalation.
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PMID:Endocrine-amphicrine enteric carcinoma of the nasal mucosa. 15 75

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with gynecologic cancer were tested by micro-cytotoxicity assay against two types of allogeneic cultured cancer cell lines: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Lymphocytes from cancer patients with squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma were equally cytotoxic against these target cells. In addition, lymphocytes from healthy controls and myoma patients were also cytotoxic for these cell lines. No significant difference in cytotoxic activities was detected among the cancer patients and controls. However, a good correlation was observed between cytotoxic activity and non-specific lymphocyte responses. It was concluded that this assay sysetm is not suitable for measuring cell-mediated immunity against tumor specific antigens but does estimate non-specific resistance against cancer.
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PMID:Lymphocyte cytotoxicity against allogeneic cultured cells in gynecologic malignancy. 15 47

The mucopolysaccharides were prepared from human lung carcinomas of three histologically different types and the control tissue by exhaustive proteolytic digestion, quaternary ammonium chloride fractionation and column chromatography on Dowex 1 (Cl-). They were identified by chemical, enzymic and electrophoretic methods, as hyaluronic acid (HA), chondroitin sulfate (ChS), dermatan sulfate (DS), heparan sulfate (HS) and over-sulfated ChS and/or DS. Qualitatively they were not differed in tumor and normal tissues. However, the amounts of whole mucopolysaccharide were much increased in carcinomas than those of normal control in order of squamous cell carcinoma greater than small cell undifferentiated carcinoma greater than or equal to adenocarcinoma. The increment of mucopolysaccharide contents in carcinoma are largely due to increased amounts of HA and ChS. Carcinoma-type characteristic pattern was also demonstrated in terms of relative amounts of non-sulfated (HA) and sulfated (ChS, DS, HS) mucopolysaccharides: In squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma sulfated mucopolysaccharides were predominant (73 to 78% of total mucopolysaccharides), whereas in small cell undifferentiated carcinoma sulfated ones were diminished (25% of total mucopolysaccharides). In normal lung tissue sulfated mucopolysaccharide comprised 64% of total mucopolysaccharides. The presence of over-sulfated ChS and/or DS, which have not until now been found in lung tissue, was higher in carcinoma tissue as compared to the normal control. Total glycopeptides which were derived from tissue glycoproteins and not in detail characterized in this study were decreased in carcinomas of any histological types as compared to those of normal lung tissue, when expressed by hexosamine content. Biological and clinical significance of mucopolysaccharides in carcinoma state was discussed.
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PMID:[Study on mucopolysaccharides in human lung carcinoma tissue--characteristics in histological types (author's transl)]. 16 61

Estrogen-dependent renal adenocarcinoma and normal proximal tubules of the hamster kidney exhibit junctional differences. Although both cell types possess gap junctions, the neoplastic cells have in addition a cytoplasmic configuration of gap-junctional membrane (annular nexuses) not found in the kidneys of untreated or estrogenized hamsters or in the nontumorous kidney adjacent to the adenocarcinoma. The presence of these unique structures in the renal tumor and its abdominal metastases was demonstrated by electron microscopy with the use of lanthanum impregnation. A possible correlation between these structures and the estrogen sensitivity of the kidney neoplasm is made.
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PMID:Junctional specialization in estrogen-induced renal adenocarcinomas of the golden hamster. 16 65

The in vitro spontaneous lymphocyte rosette (T cell) assay was used to determine cellular immunologic competence in 112 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. Among preoperative patients with localized tumors. T cell levels were significantly lower than in 237 normal controls. With advanced stages of disease, T cell levels declined progressively among patients with squamous cell carcinoma, oat cell carcinoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma, but not among patients with adenocarcinoma. Squamous carcinoma patients considered cured had persisting low T cell levels, but cured adenocarcinoma patients had normal levels. Serial determinations that showed a fall in T cell levels preceded the development of clinically evident metastases by an average of 2.5 months. Postoperative patients with rising T cell levels have remained clinically free of disease. The data indicate that T cell levels correlate with extent of tumor and clinical course of patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. The assay may, therefore, provide a rational basis for the selection of patients who are at high risk for the development of recurrence after surgical resection and who may benefit from the early institution of adjunctive therapy.
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PMID:Thymus-dependent lymphocyte levels in bronchogenic carcinoma: correlations with histology, clinical stage, and clinical course after surgical treatment. 16 38


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