Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chicken fetal antigen (CFA) was detected on normal splenic lymphocytes and a direct relationship was observed between the percentage of CFA-positive cells and the age of the donor. The fetal antigen was also detected on lymphoblastoid tumor cells and cell lines induced by known avian oncogenic viruses (Marek's disease virus and avian leukosis virus), and on spontaneously occurring adenocarcinoma cells. The fetal antigen appears to be distinct from Marek's disease tumor-associated surface antigen.
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PMID:Demonstration of chicken fetal antigen (CFA) on normal splenic lymphocytes, Marek's disease lymphoblastoid cell lines and other neoplasms. 9 Jun 65

Ultrastructural studies were done to determine the effects of radiation therapy on prostatic adenocarcinoma. Twenty patients were included in the study: 6 with benign hyperplasia, 4 with untreated adenocarcinoma and 10 with adenocarcinoma who had received radiation therapy. Benign and malignant ultrastructural characteristics were established. On the basis of these characteristics 6 of the 10 radiated prostates were believed to have tumor cells present after therapy. Of the remaining 4 patients 3 had ultrastructural changes suggesting radiation effects and a possibly altered malignant potential.
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PMID:The ultrastructural changes of prostate adenocarcinoma following external beam radiation therapy. 9 89

Lung tumor-associated antigens of approximately 32,000 daltons were recognized by the use of sensitive radioimmunoassays and rabbit antisera, one raised against an extract of pooled human malignant lung tissues and another raised against a cell line derived from a human squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. These antigens differ from antigens described previously, including carcinoembryonic antigen and alpha-fetoprotein. The antigens were detected on 13 of 13 lung tumors (of all histologic types), fetal tissue, normal brain, 2 of 8 colon tumors, 2 of 9 prostate tumors, and 2 of 3 breast tumors, as well as on cell lines derived from lung tumors, neuroblastoma, human amnion, colon adenocarcinoma, and bladder tumors. They were not detectable on normal lung, liver, kidney, colon, or prostate tissues or on cell lines derived from osteosarcoma, fetal lung fibroblasts, transitional cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Lung tumors of different histologic types were concluded to express common, tumor-associated oncofetal antigens that are found less often on tumors of other organs.
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PMID:Human lung tumor-associated antigens of 32,000 daltons molecular weight. 9 95

The authors present a study of 50 patients with adenocarcinomas of the colon and rectum, patients with gastric adenocarcinomas, and 30 healthy individuals as a control group. In all subjects the following parameters were determined: total number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, T lymphocytes, T-active lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes. A study of the test for lymphoblastic transformation (TTL) with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation and the determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) were also carried out. In patients with gastric adenocarcinoma the results revealed a lymphopenia, especially at the expense of T and T-active lymphocytes, as well as a depression (in 73 per cent) of the lymphocytic response to the PHA stimulation. Patients with carcinoma of the colon showed significant results in the T-active lymphocyte population. In both neoplastic situations the determination for alpha-fetoprotein was negative, while the CEA presented a clear correlation with the evolutive stage of the tumor, being more demonstrative in the tumors located in the colon and rectum.
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PMID:[Determination of the lymphocytic and oncofetal antigen subpopulations in patients with adenocarcinomas of the stomach and of the colon and rectum (author's transl)]. 9 70

By optimal hormonal treatment the production of exogenously transmitted MMTV can be stimulated in vitro to different degrees, depending on cultivation conditions and origin of tumor cells. Moreover, after appropriate hormonal treatment, endogenous MMTV-Y can be rescued from primary cell cultures derived from dimethyl benzanthracene- and hormone-induced C57BL/10 mouse mammary adenocarcinoma, as determined by reverse transcriptase assay, distribution of 3H-uridine-labelled viral particles, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. On the contrary, all attempts to rescue MMTV-Y from cultures derived from urethane-induced C57BL/10 tumors failed. These data indicate that upon syncarcinogenic action of non-viral carcinogenes, estrogen and prolactin, the MMTV-Y genome can be expressed in mammary gland parenchymatous cells, which in turn may result in cell transformation. The full MMTV-Y gene expression occur after appropriate hormonal stimulation of the C57BL/10 mammary cancer cells in vitro.
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PMID:Hormone-responsive genes of the mouse mammary tumor virus. 9 6

Twenty-six patients with physical findings suspicious for prostatic cancer were examined by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the prostate region prior to prostatic biopsy of resection. Twelve had benign hypertrophy and/or prostatitis and fourteen had adenocarcinoma. Prostatic contour, density, seminal vesicle "angle," extraprostatic soft tissue "mass," and the pelvic fat planes were evaluated. A nodular prostatic contour was found only in patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate, indicating a role for CT in the diagnosis of this disease. Two patients with benign prostatic disease had extraprostatic soft tissue "masses" identical to those seen in six patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate, suggesting limited usefulness of CT in staging patients with known tumor.
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PMID:Computed tomography in the evaluation of the suspected carcinomatous prostate. 9 25

The literature on tumor distinctive markers in ovarian cancer has been reviewed. Various immunological and biochemical approaches have been attempted for the diagnosis and management of patients with ovarian cancer. The complex spectrum of antigens that can be detected in human ovarian cancer consists of several tumor-associated antigens, fetal or carcinoembryonic antigens, carcinoplacental markers, and normal tissue antigens. We have described and partially characterized two ovarian tumor-associated antigens designated as OCAA and OCAA-1, which seem to have potential for the immunodiagnosis of ovarian cancer. Several other investigators have carried out similar studies, but in general their serological characterization of these antigens has been limited. The well-defined embryonic proteins that have been examined in the ovarian cancer include carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (alpha-fp), beta-oncofetal antigen (BOFA), Regan and Nagao isoenzymes and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). The presence of pregnancy-zone protein (PZP) has also been reported in ovarian cancer. In addition, several normal tissue components include fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), alpha 1-globulin, and urokinase have been found associated with ovarian cancer. Both humoral antibodies and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor-associated antigens can be measured in ovarian cancer patients. In addition, serum factors, which block cellular immune reactions, have been identified. However, progress in this area has been hampered by the complexity of the antigens associated with ovarian tumors and the lack of standardized, well-characterized sources of antigens or target cells. Enzymes, especially those involved in glycoprotein biosynthesis, (eg, glycoprotein:glycosyltransferases and glycosidase) have been explored as possible early biochemical indicators of ovarian neoplasia. A serum specific deficiency of alpha-L-fucosidase has been found in patients with ovarian cancers. Of all the glycoprotein:glycosyltransferases studied, galactosyltransferase has been found to be the best enzyme marker for ovarian adenocarcinoma. The determination of serum levels of this enzyme reflected the clinical status of the patient with respect of tumor progression as well as tumor burden. Recently, assay of a phosphodiesterase, which specifically hydrolyzes cytidine 5'-monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid, has been found promising in the detection and management of patients with ovarian cancer.
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PMID:Tumor markers for ovarian cancer. 9 53

Adenocarcinoma of the prostate is responsible for one of every nine deaths from cancer in Canada. In this review epidemiologic factors are considered and current staging systems are outlined. The American Urological System is recommended for staging because of its ability to reflect changes in the understanding of the biologic behaviour of this neoplasm. The adoption of a quantitative grading scheme is suggested to complement the information obtained from the staging assessment. The routes of spread of this disease, along with the procedures used to assess metastatic involvement, are described. Immunologic methods for the analysis of prostatic acid phosphatase have been shown to be superior to the enzymatic methods previously used, and the role of the new techniques is discussed. Emphasis is placed on radiotherapy and endocrine therapy for the treatment of this neoplasm, and the concept of withholding endocrine therapy until symptoms appear is discussed. Potential future developments in this field are considered.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoma of the prostate in perspective. 10

Fifty-one patients with metastatic non-oat cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with a combination of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) and hexamethylmelamine. The overall response rate (all cell types) was 16%. Four of 20 patients with adenocarcinoma had a partial response and an additional five patients classified as having stable disease had tumor regression less than 50%. The median survival of responders and of those with stable disease (all types) was 8 and 7 months respectively, significantly longer than the median survival of patients who progressed (median survival, 2 months [P less than 0.05]). The major dose-limiting toxicity was nausea and vomiting in over half of the patients; hematologic toxicity and peripheral neuropathy were the other adverse effects of the combination.
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PMID:cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) and hexamethylmelamine in the treatment of non-oat cell lung cancer: a pilot study of the Southeastern Cancer Study Group. 10 64

An experimental model of gastric sarcoma was elaborated experimentally on 228 Wistar rats. Tumors were induced by single DMBA injections into the glandular stomach wall in rats or by securing a cellophane plate onto its anterior surface. Tumors developed in 95 rats. Most tumors would show a mesenchymatous origin (89.8% of cases) and may be defined as leiomyosarcomas partly polymorphocellular ones, and more rarely as fibro- and reticulosarcomas. Tumors of the adenocarcinoma and solid cancer type developed only after DMBA administration. It was noted that the tumors arisen develop metastases in the regional lymph nodes but not often.
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PMID:[Gastric sarcomas induced in rats by DMBA and cellophane]. 11 35


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