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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Proton NMR spectroscopy allows the detection in plasma of resonances arising from N-acetyl-glucosamine (NAG) and N-acetyl-neuraminic acid (NANA) which have been shown to be borne by acute phase glycoproteins. These resonances can be identified using 2 different protocols of spectrum acquisition detecting different physical states in the global pool of glycoproteins, ie mobile and less mobile moieties of glycosylated chains. In this study we demonstrate that NMR spectroscopy allows a precise monitoring of the variations of glycosylated residues in cancers, inflammatory processes and bone marrow transplantation. The most important findings are that: i), the distribution of glycosylated residues varies with the origin of the cancerous tissue; ii), the level of these residues is a function of tumor development; iii), the concentrations in NAG and NANA are well correlated with the standard biological parameters of acute phase and leucocyte activation. Proton NMR spectroscopy of glycosylated residues in plasma may offer a new means of monitoring sialic acid in cancer and other pathological conditions.
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PMID:Variations of plasma sialic acid and N-acetylglucosamine levels in cancer, inflammatory diseases and bone marrow transplantation: a proton NMR spectroscopy study. 203 62

A new antibiotic, dioxamycin (1) was isolated from the culture broth of the strain MH406-SF1, which was closely related to Streptomyces xantholiticus. This antibiotic was purified by countercurrent chromatography, column chromatography and preparative HPLC. The molecular formula of 1 was determined to be C38H40O15 by HRFAB-MS. The structure was determined by spectral analysis of 2D NMR; 1H-1H COSY, 13C-1H COSY, long range 13C-1H COSY (HMBC) and NOESY. The antibiotic is active in vitro against Gram-positive bacteria and some tumor cells. Dioxamycin is a benz[a]anthraquinone antibiotic related to capoamycin.
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PMID:Dioxamycin, a new benz[a]anthraquinone antibiotic. 203 48

We have used in vivo 19F NMR spectroscopy to study the metabolism of 5-fluorouracil (FUra) in tumors with and without pretreatment with methotrexate (MTX). Using the CD8F1 murine mammary tumor as an in vivo model, we observed signals from FUra, alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (F beta ALA), alpha-fluoro-beta-ureidopropionic acid (FUPA), and 5-fluorouracil-nucleotides (FUN) after intravenous or intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg FUra. Formation of FUN was increased about 1.7-fold in CD8F1 tumor with methotrexate pretreatment as determined by acid extraction and HPLC analysis. A comparison of in vivo NMR spectra from FUra and sequential MTX + FUra-treated tumors showed a significantly higher ratio of the FUN signal to the initial total 19F signal in the MTX + FUra-treated tumors (p less than 0.001) for animals receiving FUra either intravenously or intraperitoneally. In addition, tumors treated with MTX + FUra had significantly longer time durations during which FUN was detected, independent of the mode of administration. These experiments indicate that in vivo 19F NMR spectroscopy can be used to noninvasively monitor alterations of 5-fluorouracil metabolism that occur with administration of modulating agents such as methotrexate. Further studies, in both murine tumor models and patients, are indicated to determine if these results can be correlated with tumor response.
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PMID:In vivo monitoring of changes in 5-fluorouracil metabolism induced by methotrexate measured by 19F NMR spectroscopy. 204 26

This work examines the variation with oxygen tension (pO2) of the individual spin-lattice relaxation times (T1) of the 19F resonances of the perfluorocarbon emulsion Oxypherol-ET (FC-43). A linear relationship between 1/T1 and pO2 has been confirmed for all four resonances at any specific temperature. Using a saturation recovery sequence, T1 has been successfully measured using surface coil NMR spectroscopy. This has facilitated measurement of T1 in vivo in a subcutaneous murine tumor. Mice were predosed with Oxypherol-ET emulsion: following complete vascular clearance of the perfluorocarbon, 19F signal was observed specifically from material sequestered in tissue, thus avoiding flow artifacts. Comparison of the pO2 estimated from each of the 19F resonances provided an internal consistency check. A pO2 = 0.1 +/- 2.2% was determined in a Meth-A murine tumor. When the mouse breathed carbogen (95% O2, 5% CO2) no significant change in tumor pO2 was detected, whereas the pO2 in the liver showed a distinct increase.
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PMID:Tissue oxygenation: a novel determination using 19F surface coil NMR spectroscopy of sequestered perfluorocarbon emulsion. 206 43

We report proton NMR images obtained at microscopic (less than 30 microns) resolution of EMT6/Ro and HT1080 multicellular tumor spheroids 1.2-1.7 mm in diameter. T1-weighted images showed little contrast across a slice through the spheroid. There was also no difference between the inner and outer spheroid regions when signal intensity was measured as a function of the repetition time (TR), showing that T1 was the same across the spheroid. Conversely, T2-weighted and multi-echo images clearly revealed the central necrosis that occurs as the spheroids develop. Measurements of the thickness of the viable cell zone made on NMR images agreed with those made on standard histology sections for two different cell lines. The basis for the NMR discrimination of the necrotic region from the viable rim cells was found to be a shortened apparent T2 in the necrotic region (132 +/- 17 ms) with respect to that in the viable cells (173 +/- 9 ms). These results illustrate the applicability of NMR microscopy to assaying conditions inside intact tumor spheroids and suggest that this technology will allow the use of spheroids to investigate several important questions in tumor biology and pathophysiology.
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PMID:Proton NMR microscopy of multicellular tumor spheroid morphology. 207 29

Simultaneous measurements of DNA cell phase cycle distributions and in vivo 31P NMR spectroscopy were performed on 40 RIF-1 murine tumors irradiated with 14 Gy of X-radiation. Diploid and tetraploid tumor populations were observed. The cells blocked in G2/M phase were measured as a function of the ratios of tetraploid cell number in G2/M phase versus total cell population measured. The G2/M population reached a maximum at 32 h post irradiation, dropping to control values by 72 h, while the ratio of inorganic phosphate to beta-nucleotide triphosphate dropped significantly at 32 h and remained significantly lower than control up to 72 h post irradiation. Measurements of PME, PDE, PCr, and pH showed no significant variations at any time point. No significant change in host cell population could be observed. Since the measured G2/M population never increased to more than 3% of the total cell population, the change observed in the 31P NMR spectra were not simply the result of possible differences in NMR profiles of the different cell phase populations but were more likely due to a change in the metabolic characteristics or environment of a majority of the cells.
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PMID:Phosphorus metabolites and the distribution of cell cycle phase of RIF-1 tumors in response to 14 Gy irradiation. 207 33

The pentane and CHCl3 fractions of a crude extract of Michelia floribunda exhibited cytotoxic activity when tested in KB and P388 tumor cell cultures. Repeated chromatography led to the isolation of three cytotoxic sesquiterpene lactones (costunolide, parthenolide, and santamarine) and a cytotoxic isoquinoline alkaloid (liriodenine). Inactive sesquiterpene lactones obtained during the course of this study included dihydroparthenolide and two new glucosides of dihydrotamaulipin A and dihydroreynosin (1 and 2). The structures of these new compounds were determined through interpretation of their spectroscopic data including 2D-NMR spectroscopy. Syringin was also isolated from the extract.
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PMID:Sesquiterpene lactones and other constituents from a cytotoxic extract of Michelia floribunda. 209 65

We report a 7-year-old boy who developed incomplete sexual precocity due to a human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)-producing tumor in the pineal region. The patient presented enlarged testes (3 x 2 x 2 cm) bilaterally, enlarged penis, pubic hair development of Tanner Stage III, advanced bone age and growth spurt. Initial hormonal studies showed an adult male level of testosterone (13 ng/ml) and a high level of HCG as well as HCG-beta subunit. A high basal level of LH, probably due to immuno-cross-reactivity with HCG, and low basal level of FSH, probably suppressed by testosterone, did not respond to LH-RH infusion. Search for the site of HCG production failed at the initial workup, but calcification without definite signs of tumor in the pineal region was found by conventional brain CT scan. Because of subsequent progression of clinical and laboratory findings of sexual precocity, nuclear magnetic resonance computed tomographic (NMR-CT) scan was performed, which confirmed the presence of a pineal tumor three months later. The patient was treated with 4,500 rad. of radiation therapy, and responded dramatically to this regimen. He has been followed for more than two years without any signs of recurrence. We have reported here a very rare case of incomplete sexual precocity due to an HCG-producing intracranial tumor in the pineal region. An NMR-CT scan is a very useful tool for the diagnosis of some types of pineal tumor, such as germinoma, which are highly radiosensitive.
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PMID:Precocious puberty in a seven-year-old boy due to human chorionic gonadotropin producing pineal tumor detected by nuclear magnetic resonance computed tomographic scanning. 210 94

Water-suppressed proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to observe plasma lipoprotein lipid methyl and methylene resonances from guinea pigs which had been injected with viable or heat-killed line 1 or line 10 tumor cells or sterile oil. It was shown that the widths of these resonances became significantly sharper as the number of tumor cells grew. Plasma from tumor-free control animals showed no change in the NMR linewidths. It is concluded that the changes observed reflect a specific host response to viable tumor cells, and in these models there is a reciprocal relationship between the number of viable tumor cells and the linewidths of plasma lipoprotein methyl and methylene resonances.
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PMID:Alteration of aliphatic lipid proton NMR linewidths by malignant tumors in guinea pigs. 213 74

Serum from two groups of rabbits, all offspring from the same parents, was subjected to NMR spectroscopy in order to monitor the progress of malignant disease. One group had VX-2 carcinoma implanted in the kidney while the control group were sham-operated with injection of physiological saline. Later, the control group was subjected to dietary restrictions to produce a weight loss equivalent to that of the rabbits with tumor. Progressive cancerous growth with cachexia produced characteristic changes in the lipoprotein spectra distinctly different from those induced by weight loss induced by food intake restrictions. A shoulder on the high-field side of the methylene resonance observed in the control spectra disappeared during the progress of cancerous growth. These spectral changes, however, are not adequately described by line width measurements at half-height as suggested for the original Fossel test.
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PMID:Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of serum lipoproteins in rabbits with implanted VX-2 carcinoma. 214 51


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