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Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The life history and histopathology of UV light-induced skin tumors were studied in NMR rats, outbred female Swiss mice, and Syrian golden hamsters. High intensity UV light of medium wavelengths produced hyperplasia and papillomas, as well as a dysplastic, intermediary solar keratosis-like stage, with distinct cellular atypia leading to several types of squamous cell carcinomas. High doses of UV irradiation of short duration caused scars, which developed into fibromas and fibrosarcomas composed of "light" and "dark" cells. Carcinomas with neoplastic squamous and fibrous components were uncommon; however, collision tumors with two components were occasionally seen. Angiomas and angiosarcomas with a proliferating endothelial structure were observed, but adnexal tumors, with follicular or sebaceous differentiation, and basal cell carcinomas were infrequent. Pigment cell tumors were found only rarely. The number of tumors and tumor-bearing animals at different stages of the experiment were also studied. Tumors were compared with lesions induced by chemical carcinogens in different systems. UV carcinogenesis was characterized by many tumor-bearing animals, but with a low total tumor count and a high mortality, thereby decreasing the number of animals-at-risk. The tumor types, their progression from on type to another, and the distribution of certain biologic characteristics were also analyzed. We concluded that UV irradiation is an effective tumor inducer in animal skin, and the type of tumor, its behavior, and location depend on the experimental conditions.
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PMID:Life history and histopathology of ultraviolet light-induced skin tumors. 11 77

While structure-activity relationships for vinblastine (VLB), vincristine, deacetyl-VLB, and deacetyl-VLB amide (vindesine, VDS) in several tumor and leukemia models have been reported previously, the present study explores these relationships for a series of N-substituted vindesine analogues. These compounds were prepared from the reaction of deacetyl-VLB acid azide with the appropriate amines and were characterized by mass spectral analysis, 1H and 13C NMR spectra, electrometric titration, and infrared spectra. N-Alkylvindesines have reduced activity compared to that of VDS against the Gardner lymphosarcoma (GLS). N-beta-Hydroxyethyl-VDS surpasses vindesine in its activity against the Ridgway osteogenic sarcoma and the GLS, whereas against the B16 melanoma it is less active than VDS. N-beta-(4-Hydroxyphenethyl)-VDS, envisaged as a substrate for the enzyme tryosinase, was shown to be more active than VDS against the B16 melanoma but has only marginal activity against the GLS. In terms of collective antitumor activity against the model systems used, vindesine emerges as the congener with optimum qualities. Bis(N-ethylidenevindesine) disulfide, the first example of a bridged bisvindesine and comparable to VDS in its antitumor profile, shows evidence of activity against a P388/VCR leukemia strain known to be resistant to maytansine as well as to vincristine.
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PMID:Structure-activity relationships of dimeric Catharanthus alkaloids. 2. Experimental antitumor activities of N-substituted deacetylvinblastine amide (vindesine) sulfates. 43 Apr 77

Nuclear fractions isolated from normal liver tissues and an experimental tumor--mouse fibrosarcoma (MFS)--were studied by pulsed NMR. Findings were: (1) T1 values of nuclear fractions are higher than those of the tissues or origin. (2) T1 values of nuclear fractions isolated from liver of tumor-bearers are higher than T1 values of nuclear fractions of normal liver. (3) T1 values of nuclear fractions of MFS tumor are higher than nuclear fractions of liver of tumor-bearing mice. Comparison of T1 values of the nuclear fractions shows a hierarchy of T1 from liver to MFS.
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PMID:Pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance studies on nuclear fractions of normal and malignant tissues. 54 6

A series of 4'-dehydrated derivatives of various dimeric Vinca alkaloids has been synthesized to further define the structure-activity relationships of Vinca alkaloids with onolytic potency. The concentrated sulfuric acid dehydration in most cases gave mixtures of the 3',4'-and two isomeric 4',20'-alkenes, which were isolated and characterized primarily by proton and 13C NMR. Compound tested for antitumor activity include the three dehydro isomers of 4'-deacetylvinblastine, 4-deacetylvincristine, and 4-deacetylvinblastine-23-amide and some4'-dehydrated derivatives epimeric at C-18'. Generally, the decrease in toxicity imparted by the new double bond was accompained by a decrease in potency. An exception was 3',4'-dehydro-4-deacetylvincristine, which showed a decrease in toxicity and increase in potency against at least one tumor in which vincristine itself has little effect.
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PMID:Alkaloids of Vinca rosea L. (Catharanthus roseus G. Don). 38. 4'-Dehydrated derivatives. 57 19

High-resolution 31P NMR spectra of normal and malignant muscle tissue from mice were obtained at 100 MHz. The spectrum of normal muscle was found to resemble that obtained by Hoult et al. for normal rat skeletal muscle. But the spectrum of malignant muscle tumor (rhabdomyosarcoma) was found to comprise only the inorganic phosphate and sugar phosphate peaks, which indicates potential usefulness of this NMR method for diagnosis. Moreover, the inorganic phosphate peak was observed to be shifted downfield 70 Hz from the location seen in normal muscle. This identification of an NMR absorption frequency different in cancer tissue than in normal, singles out what may be the first of many absorption frequencies that could be utilized as target frequencies for delivery of cancer-destructive radiation.
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PMID:Spectral differences in the 31P NMR of normal and malignant tissue. 60 Nov 9

Well resolved 1-H and 13-C NMR spectra were obtained with normal and SV 40-transformed cell membranes. Estimation of the ratio of 13-CT2 values of the normal to transformed cell membranes showed an increased intermolecular motion in the transformed cell membranes. The temperature dependence of the (CH2) line in the 1-H spectra in the temperature range 298-343 degrees K shows an activation energy for the lateral diffusion of the fluid phospholipid regions in the normal cell membranes while the transformed ones show practically no temperature dependence in this temperature range. The fluidity of the phospholipid region in the transformed cell membrane seems to be significantly higher than that observed in the normal cell material. These data support and extend the findings concerning the mobility of the concanavalin A binding/agglutinating sites on the surface of normal and virus-transformed cells and suggest further approaches to the study of the membrane alterations in tumor cells.
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PMID:1-H and 13-C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the lipids in normal and SV 40 virus-transformed hamster embryo fibroblast membranes. 116 2

Lapachol [2-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone] and its analogs [2-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and 2-(3,3-dibromo-2-propenyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone] have been described, among almost a hundred synthesized analogs, as active against rat tumor Walker 256 carcinosarcoma. The acetylglucosylation of lapachol results in a compound which extends lapachol activity becoming effective against mouse lymphocytic leukemia P-388. When mice inoculated with 10(6) leukemic cells were treated with the drug during 9 days, their life span increased 80% over the control animals. Identification spectral data (uv, ir, 1H NMR, and MS) of the compound obtained by synthesis are given.
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PMID:A lapachol derivative active against mouse lymphocytic leukemia P-388. 117 64

Using i.p. delivered deuterated water, and 2H NMR spectroscopy, it is possible to non-invasively, serially, and quantitatively measure blood flow through tissue volumes as small as 0.05 ml. Measurements made with this technique show that changes in total tumor blood flow reflect local changes measured superficially by laser Doppler flowmetry, and that tumors of identical histology and size have heterogeneous blood flow rates. Finally, we have shown that tumors growing in an irradiated normal tissue have a lower blood flow rate which is manifest when tumors grow beyond 0.1 ml.
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PMID:Measurements of tumor blood flow using intraperitoneal deuterium and 2H-NMR spectroscopy. 128 98

This paper refers to some of the chemical and biological properties of a new platinum (II) complex where the aromatic amino group of procaine is involved in the coordination with platinum and whose structure was defined by UV, IR, 1H-NMR, and elemental analysis. This new cationic platinum-triamine complex (DPR) displays excellent solubility (> 50 mg/ml) and stability in water. DPR has significant in vitro cytotoxicity against murine P388 leukemic cell line, human K562 erythroleukemic cell line and human Jurkat T cell line. The in vitro cytotoxic effects of DPR on P388 and Jurkat leukemic cells were comparable to those of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP), while its activity on K562 cells was significantly better than that of DDP [IC50 = 1.07 +/- 0.36 (SD) microM vs 2.62 +/- 0.23 (SD) microM, P < 0.01]. The in vitro Pt accumulation rate for P388 cells was twice as rapid after DPR than after DDP exposure, while no difference in cellular platinum efflux was observed. The antitumor activity of DPR was tested in vivo against P388 leukemic cells in BDF1 mice and gave a % ILS value (75%) similar to that of the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of DDP (8 mg/Kg). A comparative study of plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) levels and kidney morphological analysis in tumor-bearing mice receiving the LD50 dose of both drugs (39.3 mg/Kg and 16.5 mg/Kg for DPR and DDP, respectively), showed DPR to be less nephrotoxic than DDP. These results indicate that this new cationic platinum-triamine complex containing primary amine ligand is surprisingly active both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, the good characteristics of DPR in terms of high solubility, encouraging anticancer activity and absence of nephrotoxic effects make DPR a promising new platinum anticancer agent for preclinical development.
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PMID:Synthesis and antitumor activity of a new cis-diammineplatinum (II) complex containing procaine hydrochloride. 129 76

Twenty-nine cases of single cerebral metastases from renal carcinoma were the object of a retrospective and prospective study covering a period of 15 years (1975-1988). The best diagnostic means were NMR imaging with paramagnetic contrast medium and CAT scans after intravenous injection of a double dose of contrast medium. All patients underwent total surgical removal of the cerebral lesion. Radiotherapy was useful but had less influence on further reproduction than in metastases from tumors of other sites. The median survival was 28.1 months in patients who received radiotherapy and 23 months in the others. No significant difference in survival was found between the group of patients with unknown primary tumors and the other group with diagnosed primary neoplastic disease.
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PMID:Single brain metastases from kidney tumors. Clinico-pathologic considerations on a series of 29 cases. 129 35


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