Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027651 (tumor)
 685,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Quantitative studies using a 51Cr release assay were performed to analyse the time-course of appearance and specificity of cytolytic cells in C57Bl/6 mice inoculated with Moloney murine sarcoma virus (MSV). Various lymphoid organs were studied including spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), lymph nodes regional to the MSV-induced tumor (RLN), and peripheral blood. Furthermore, the kinetics of appearance of cytolytic cells within the MSV-induced tumor was determined. In agreement with previous studied, it was found that cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) specific for MSV-associated antigens were present among the cells extracted from the tumor and from the lymphoid organs. However, differences in the kinetics of CTL activity could be documented: lymphoid cells from spleen, RLN and peripheral blood showed peak activity at the time of maximum tumor diameter, while intratumoral cells showed peak activity at the onset of tumor regression. MLN cells showed cytolytic activity only when tumor regression had begun. Naturally cytotoxic cell populations of thymus-independent origin, present in normal control mice, were also detected in MSV-infected mice.
 ...
PMID:Murine sarcoma virus (MSV)-induced tumors in mice. I. Distribution of MSV-immune cytolytic T lymphocytes in vivo. 30 75

A natural cytotoxic reactivity directed against syngeneic or allogeneic tumor cells was demonstrated in serum of BALB/c mice by an in vitro cytotoxicity test using rabbit serum as the source of complement. The reactivity, studied on syngeneic fibrosarcoma cells, was found to be minimal in mice less than 10 weeks old and to increase progressively with age. T-deprivation determined an increase of reactivity in young mice to levels reached spontaneously only by the serum of 40-week-old mice. The BALB/c serum also revealed natural anti-thymus antibodies. Non-identity between anti-tumor and anti-thymus antibodies was demonstrated by direct cytotoxicity and absorption tests. An inoculum of syngeneic fibrosarcoma cells increased the level of anti-tumor serum reactivity in both normal and T-deprived young mice. The natural anti-tumor cytotoxicity revelaed in vitro seemed to exert a specific in vivo protection as suggested by the indirect correlation found between the level of the natural anti-tumor reactivity and the grwoth of a transplanted fibrosarcoma.
 ...
PMID:Natural anti-tumor serum reactivity in BALB/c mice. I. Characterization and interference with tumor growth. 30 77

By a complement-dependent cytotoxicity test, 37 sera from 1- to 18-month-old BALB/c mice were tested for natural anti-tumor and anti-thymus immune reactivity. The level of anti-tumor and anti-thymus antibodies increased with age, and a high individual variability, particularly evident in the older animals, was found. The appearance of the spontaneous antibodies was correlated to the T-cell status of mice. Animals with the higher spleen T-cell content were those with the higher anti-thymus and the lower anti-tumor natural antibody level, and vice versa. In T-deprived mice the anti-tumor response increased, whereas the anti-thymus response was not influenced. An inoculum of T cells from young to older syngeneic mice yielded a decrease of the anti-tumor response and an increase of the anti-thymus response. Homeostatic immunologic mechanisms, in which the cellular and the humoral system alternate in the tumor cell control, are suggested.
 ...
PMID:Natural anti-tumor serum reactivity in BALB/c mice. II. Control by regulator T-cells. 30 78

Lymph nodes from 10 normal patients and regional lymph nodes (RLN) from 19 patients with squamous cancer of the head and neck were evaluated as to their lymphoid subpopulations. In comparison to normal lymph nodes, RLN from cancer patients demonstrated a marked increase in the proportion of cells with membrane immunoglobulin, the receptor for the third component of complement, and the receptor for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G. The increased Fc receptor cells were not Fc-bearing thymus-derived lymphocytes, inasmuch as they separated with the non-sheep erythrocyte-lymphocyte rosette-forming population. The overall thymus-derived lymphocyte percentage in RLN was proportionally decreased. A transition from the normal lymph node composition to the altered lymphocyte profile seen in RLN was demonstrated on moving from distal lymph nodes to RLN within the lymphatic drainage of a tumor. Lymph nodes involved with tumor also showed the pattern of bursa equivalent cell population increases.
 ...
PMID:Lymphoid subpopulation changes in regional lymph nodes in squamous head and neck cancer. 30 Feb 79

Three Thy 1.1-positive and surface IgM-positive (Thy 1+, SIg+) AKR/J lymphoma lines are described. These doubly marked tumors arose spontaneously in the peripheral lymphoid organs of 14- to 16-month-old AKR/J mice that either had spontaneous thymus atrophy or had been thymectomized at 1 month of age. All lines bore surface Thy 1.1, Ly,Ig(micron-chain) and Fc receptor (FcR), detectable by immunofluorescence. Immune response region (Iak) antigen was present on the two lines tested. Persistence of Thy 1.1 antigen and SIg after long-term tissue culture provided evidence that these markers were not passively acquired. One of these tumor lines, AkTB-1 always grows in lymph nodes as Thy 1.1-positive,SIg-negative tumors cells, whereas tumor cells growing in the spleen are initially Thy 1.1 positive, SIg negative, but they rapidly acquire SIg, FcR, and 1a between 18 and 21 days of passage.
 ...
PMID:Multiple occurrence of spontaneous AKR/J lymphomas with T and B cell characteristics. 30 Apr 1

Three isotopic release microtoxicity assays--[125I]5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine release assay (IRA), 51Cr release assay (CRA), and [3H]proline release assay (PRA)--have been utilized to measure cell-mediated immunity to (C58NT)D, a Gross virus-induced lymphoma in rats. These studies were designed so that all three assays were done under physical conditions as comparable as possible between the assays. A considerable difference was noted in the ability of one or another target cell to function well in each assay. The tissue culture line of (C58NT)D proved an excellent target cell in the long-term assays, whereas the ascites line was inadequate in these same long-term assays. The monolayer Gross virus-induced tumor cell line ERTh/G was resistant to lysis in the short-term CRA but functioned well in the long-term assays. The autologous and thymus cell controls utilized in these studies were reasonably neutral baseline controls for the evaluation of both normal and immune activity. Although all three assays were capable of measuring both natural and immune activity in this systemthe PRA appeared more sensitive at 24 hours and the IRA at 48 hours, whereas the CRA activity with these target cells was only useful in the short-term assays.
 ...
PMID:Direct comparison of three isotopic release microtoxicity assays as measures of cell-mediated immunity to Gross virus-induced lymphomas in rats. 30 Apr 36

Multiple immunologic parameters were studied in three patients prior to and after hyperthermia treatment for disseminated malignancy. Two patients had malignant melanoma and received chemotherapy during the hyperthermia treatment. One had adenocarcinoma of the stomach and received no concomitant chemotherapy. Rapid rosettes as a measure of thymus-derived lymphocytes (T-lymphocytes) were found to increase significantly after therapy (P less than 0.05) both in percentage and absolute numbers. There was no change in the numbers or percentages of other markers for T-lymphocytes or bone marrow-derived B-lymphocytes. Complement profiles revealed a significant decrease in C3 (P less than 0.005) after hyperthermia but no change in levels of other components of the alternate pathway. Antibody-dependent lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity and polymorphonuclear cell-mediated antibody-dependent cytotoxicity were also depressed after hyperthermia. No change was observed in immunoglobulin levels with hyperthermia therapy. Results indicated that hyperthermia may favorably alter the immune balance between tumor and host in selected instances.
 ...
PMID:Immunologic function in humans before and after hyperthermia and chemotherapy for disseminated malignancy. 30 Apr 37

Mouse spleen cells cocultured with irradiated allogeneic stimulator cells develop cytolytic effector cells capable of lysing 51Cr-labeled syngeneic trinitrophenyl-derivatized tumor or spleen targets and to a lesser degree unconjugated tumor cells in addition to the allogeneic stimulator cells. Lysis of trinitrophenyl-syngeneic targets was inhibited competitively by cold trinitrophenyl-syngeneic tumor or spleen targets as well as by cells bearing the allogeneic stimulator H-2 haplotype demonstrating the immunological specificity of the interaction. Allogeneic H-2 specificities may, therefore, be considered variants of modified autologous H-2 specificities against which cytolytic thymus-derived clones potentially exist that are capable of exerting immunological surveillance.
 ...
PMID:Cytolytic thymus-derived lymphocytes specific for allogeneic stimulator cells crossreact with chemically modified syngeneic cells. 30 Apr 84

The thymus-dependent lymphocytes (T cells) were enumerated in the peripheral circulation of 38 patients with histologically demonstrated squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. We have previously shown that this "total" T-cell count correlates well with degree of tumor involvement. A lower percentage of T cells were shown in patients with more advanced malignant neoplasms. Here we present follow-up data on these patients to evaluate the efficiency of the T-cell test in determining survival prognoses. We found no evidence that results of this test can extend prognostic abilities above those based on clinical staging. The survival data from six patients treated with a chemoimmunotherapy regimen of BCG vaccine, methotrexate sodium, and isoniazid did not demonstrate an increased survival time compared to patients at similar clinical stages who were treated by conventional use of surgery and irradiation.
 ...
PMID:T-lymphocytes and survival of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. 30 Jun 22

Enhancement of tumor growth was observed when non-sensitized thymocytes were injected together with tumor cells into syngeneic mice, although this tumor enhancement was less pronounced than that caused by tumor-sensitized T lymphocytes. The cells within the thymus which are responsible for this tumor enhancement were found to be rapidly dividing and to be absent from the thymus a day after cortisone administration. At a longer time interval the cortison-depleted thymus was repopulated by dividing cells which exhibited tumor-enhancing reactivity. The characteristics of these cells suggest that they are in the early stages of thymic processing. The enhancing thymocytes were sensitive to treatment with the thymic humoral factor which functions in T cell maturation, and their enhancing activity was cancelled by such treatment. These results are compatible with our hypothesis that exposure of immature T cells to a tumor stimulus may lead to tumor enhancement whereas interaction between mature T lymphocytes and tumor cells may be required for tumor inhibition.
 ...
PMID:Characteristics of the immature cells involved in T cell-mediated enhancement of syngeneic tumor growth. 30 Jul 47


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10