Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There are two theories concerning the origin of multifocal osteogenic sarcoma: In one, the lesions all arise synchronously as multiple, simultaneously appearing, primary tumors, and in the other, there appears to be one dominant site with early and rapidly progressive metastatic disease. We believe that our patient fits into the second group with a primary right (distal-end) femoral osteogenic sarcoma with early and rapid metastasis. Bone scan, chest CT, and MRI examinations played an essential role in the initial evaluation and follow-up of this patient with osteosarcomatosis. The multiple modalities also offered a greater sensitivity in the detection and for the surveillance of the progression of the condition.
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PMID:Case report 703: Multifocal osteosarcoma. 177 33

A case of extraskeletal osteosarcoma occurring in its most common location, the thigh, is reported. Particular emphasis is given to demonstrating the spectrum of radiological findings, including CT, MRI, and scintigraphy and to illustrate that this entity can metastasize to bone.
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PMID:Case report 704: Extraskeletal osteosarcoma of the thigh with several suspected skeletal metastases and extensive metastases to the chest. 177 34

In 62 patients with thyroid carcinoma 79 MRI bone marrow examinations and 48 bone marrow scintigraphies were recorded before or following radioiodine therapy, to study the extent of bone marrow expansion. The results of both methods were the same. In 34/79 investigations normal findings were seen, in 18 the bone marrow expanded to the middle third and in 26 to the distal third of the femur. One patient showed bone marrow expansion to the tibia. These results were compared with the following data: histology of tumor, TNM-staging, time passed since thyroidectomy, accumulated doses of radioiodine therapy, results of 131I scintigraphy, hematological changes, thyroglobulin level, age and sex. No significant correlations were found between these and the bone marrow imaging results. Bone marrow changes in patients before radioiodine therapy were similar to those in patients treated with up to 48 GBq 131I. Blind biopsy of the posterior iliac crest in five patients showed slightly pathological reactive changes. In only 2/17 follow-up studies an increase of bone marrow expansion was seen. In 8 patients localized findings indicating malignant infiltration were observed. In 4/8 patients metastases of thyroid carcinoma were known or confirmed by pathological radioiodine uptake and in 2/8 metastatic involvement was assumed because of an increased thyroglobulin level.
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PMID:[Bone marrow changes in patients with thyroid carcinoma]. 178 Feb 40

During 1986 and 1987, 47 patients with renal cell carcinoma were evaluated preoperatively with CT, angiography and MRI. The preoperative tumor stage (T), lymph node metastases and venous involvement determined with the three methods were compared to the operative and histopathological findings. For T stage, angiography proved less accurate (54%) than CT (64%) or MRI (63%). MRI was found to be superior to CT in assessing lymph nodes, with an overall accuracy of 89% and sensitivity of 100% compared to 77 and 60%, respectively, of CT. For venous involvement CT was overall more accurate (74%) than angiography (65%) or MRI (63%). All three methods expressed a low sensitivity (between 31 and 41%) and a high specificity (between 95 and 100%) for detecting venous involvement. The minimal advantages of MRI compared to its high cost do not justify its routine use. CT remains the method of choice in staging preoperatively renal cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging compared to computerized tomography and renal selective angiography in preoperatively staging renal cell carcinoma. 178 Nov

12 patients with suspected recurrence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma following thyroidectomy, radioiodine therapy and, in some cases, external radiation therapy had 201Tl and 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy. Except in one case, the findings concerning tumor localization and extension were identical. In all cases, locoregional lymph node metastases as well as osseous metastases were imaged by 201Tl and 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy. MRI images obtained in all patients with suspected lymph node metastases revealed inoperable situations in 2 cases, whereas there was no correlation in 1 patient with positive 201Tl and 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy. In contrast, the sensitivity of the two methods was relatively low in the detection of pulmonary metastases which were imaged in 1 out of 3 patients only. Discrepancies between 201Tl and 99mTc-MIBI were observed in a case of axillary lymph node metastasis. Although tumor-/background ratios were slightly higher for 201Tl, 99mTc-MIBI SPECT showed a higher imaging quality compared to 201Tl SPECT, especially in deeply situated tumor lesions. In conclusion, 99mTc-MIBI seems to be a promising alternative imaging agent in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinomas.
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PMID:[A comparison of 201Tl and 99mTc-MIBI in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinomas]. 178 76

A case is presented of a 55-year-old man with a MFH in a previous BI. The poor prognosis of such secondary MFH is related in part to the difficulty of its early diagnosis, its aggressive behavior, and its tendency to metastasize (mainly to bone sites and lungs). Nevertheless, although biopsy of asymptomatic bone marrow infarction is not indicated, MRI seems consistent in detecting sarcomatous transformation of symptomatic BIs and plays an important role in the patient's preoperative evaluation.
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PMID:Case report 656: Malignant fibrous histiocytoma in a previous bone infarct. 185 May 55

Seven patients with T2-T4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma were examined by MRI on a 0.5T superconducting system. The obtained MRI images were reviewed focusing on the signal intensity (SI) of tumors, and the extension of tumors into the related spaces from the pharyngeal mucosal space (PMS). Consequently, the SI of tumors demonstrated low on T1 weighted images and high on T2 weighted images. The parapharyngeal space was the first space where the tumors extended from the pharyngeal mucosa. The parapharyngeal space was an intermediate point of extension to the masticator space (MS), the carotid space (CS), the retropharyngeal space (RPS), and the prevertebral space (PVS). The PVS involvement by tumors was not a direct extension from the PMS, because the posterior portion of pharyngobasilar fascia worked as a barrier on MR. Therefore, the longus capitus muscle in the prevertebral space was considered to be involved via the parapharyngeal space (PPS). The masticator space involvement was indicated by slightly high SI of pterygoid muscle on T2 weighted images, and also the effacement of the PPS fat and parapharyngeal venous plexus were considered as a sign of involvement into the masticator space. The retropharyngeal lateral lymph node (Rouviere) metastases were recognized by MR. These metastasized lymph nodes were low on T1 weighted images and high on T2 weighted images.
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PMID:[MR studies of extension and spread pattern of nasopharyngeal carcinoma]. 187 Sep 51

Brain metastases are frequent, accounting for 20% of all brain tumours. The most common primary tumours responsible for brain metastases are lung cancer in man and breast cancer in women. Most metastases are located at the grey matter-white matter junction, in junctional vascular territories and in the rolandic region. Although non-specific, MRI is the most sensitive neuroradiological method for the lesions, especially when accompanied by gadolinium injection. MRI must absolutely be performed before surgical treatment, as gadolinium might detect other metastatic lesions or show metastatic tumours so small that they were not visible at computerized tomography (CT).
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PMID:Brain metastases. 191 82

MRI was performed in 41 patients with ocular lesions: 27 cases of malignant melanoma, 5 of haemorrhage, 3 of choroidal metastasis, 3 of senile disciform macular degeneration, 2 retinoblastomas and 1 hamartoma. On MRI 5 small lesions (less than 2 mm thick): 1 melanoma, the 3 metastases and the hamartoma, were not seen. All the malignant melanomas visualised were hyperintense compared to the vitreous on T1-weighted images. On T2-weighted images 24 of 26 lesions were hypointense compared to the vitreous. The remaining two lesions were almost isointense, corresponding to amelanotic lesions. These MRI features did not differ significantly from those of retinoblastomas, senile disciform macular degeneration or subacute choroidal haemorrhage. Major shortcomings of MRI in lesions of the globe lie in a lack of spatial resolution and poor specificity of the findings.
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PMID:Shortcomings and pitfalls of ocular MRI. 192 46

We evaluated 17 children with primary intracranial neoplasms for subarachnoid metastatic disease (SAMD) using myelography with computed tomographic follow-up (Myelo + CT) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) histopathologic examination, as well as magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium DTPA (MRI + Gd), between December 1988 and December 1989. There were 12 boys, and the median age was 5.7 years (range, 0.8 to 21.8 years). Tumor histology included 8 primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs), 3 ependymomas, 2 low-grade astrocytomas, 1 anaplastic astrocytoma, 1 glioblastoma multiforme, 1 atypical rhabdoid tumor, and 1 malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Thirteen tumors originated in the posterior fossa, 2 were supratentorial, and 2 were in the spinal cord. The median interval between the 2 diagnostic tests was 2 days. MRI + Gd was positive in 11 (65%), Myelo + CT in 8 (47%), and CSF in 5 (29%) cases. MRI + Gd was superior in delineating spinal cord nodules and "sugar coating" whereas Myelo + CT more readily revealed nerve root sleeve filling defects. There was no case in which Myelo + CT was positive that MRI + Gd did not reveal SAMD. MRI + Gd is a safe, noninvasive test that should be used as the initial imaging modality for the presence of SAMD.
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PMID:Comparison of myelography with CT follow-up versus gadolinium MRI for subarachnoid metastatic disease in children. 198 95


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