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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Within a two and half years period, we collected a total of twenty three cases of adrenal tumors diagnosed by MRI. They included: one cystic case, twelve cases (13 lesions) of adenoma, two cases (3 lesions) of hyperplasia, four cases of pheochromocytoma, three cases of metastases, and one case of adenocarcinoma. Except for the case of adrenal cyst which was followed for one and a half years, all the other twenty two cases were proved by operation and pathology. The benign adenoma and hyperplasia were small in size, and had relative isointensities to the liver in the T1WI and the T2WI. On the contrary, the malignant tumors and pheochromocytoma, all had inhomogeneous signal intensities, showed relatively lower in signal intensities in T1WI and higher in T2WI as compared with the liver. In T2WI, the tumor to liver signal intensity ratio of adenoma and hyperplasia were less than 1.80, whereas the malignant tumors and pheochromocytoma were larger than 1.80. In comparing fifteen cases with Gd-DTPA intravenous injection, all of the benign adenoma did not show an increase in signal intensity, but the malignant tumors and pheochromocytoma showed increase in signal intensity. We concluded that we could primarily differentiate the nature of adrenal tumors by their change in signal intensities between T1WI and T2WI, by measuring the tumor to liver signal intensity ratio or by Gd-DTPA IV injection. Today, although adrenal gland MRI examination is more time consuming and expensive, it is more valuable for highly clinically suspected adrenal lesions with equivocal results after CT or sonogram study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[MRI of adrenal tumors]. 131 46

Metastatic tumors of the pituitary gland and parasellar region are unusual and are generally observed both in an advanced phase of the disease and at autopsy. The occurrence of symptomatic lesions is however quite rare. Though some clinical features may suggest the presence of a metastasis, the diagnosis is unlikely both clinically and radiologically and more common pituitary lesions are generally suspected. The Authors present two very unusual cases in which the pituitary lesions represented the onset symptoms of an otherwise unknown malignancy. Moreover the increased survival of cancer patients and the routine utilization of CT scan and MRI will probably induce, in the next years, a more frequent discovery of pituitary metastases. The Authors suggest that the diagnosis of pituitary metastases should be more closely considered even in the absence of a known primary tumor.
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PMID:Pituitary metastases as presenting lesions of malignancy. 132 47

We acquired dynamic images over the whole liver by inversion recovery snap shot FLASH method after a bolus intravenous injection of Gadolinium-DTPA. Each nodule of hepatoma in the liver showed early enhancement and gradually turned to show low intensity. In two cases of hepatoma, small intrahepatic metastases, which were not detected by US, CT and spin-echo image of MRI, were suspected as high intensity nodules on early phase. Also recurrent areas after TAE were enhanced on early phase. This method is practical for improving the detection of lesions and is useful for evaluating the recurrence after TAE.
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PMID:[Evaluation of multislice dynamic MR imaging of the whole liver by inversion recovery snap shot FLASH method]. 132 68

The bone marrow is a common site of metastases in patients with solid tumors. Metastatic bone marrow involvement is found much more frequently at autopsy than in routine staging procedures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of bone marrow MRI in such patients, and especially in those with small cell lung cancer and female breast carcinoma. MRI is a fast and reliable method for the early detection of bone marrow metastases in patients with carcinoma. In many studies and according to our own experience, it is much more sensitive than radionuclide bone scan, iliac crest biopsy and plain film radiography. However, a clear clinical benefit of its use in the initial staging has so far been proven only for patients with small cell lung cancer. As a consequence, MRI should be applied for the staging of solid tumors only when clinical examination does not yield unambiguous results. Owing to its superiority to biopsy and bone scan, bone marrow MRI should become an integral part of the initial staging procedure in small cell lung cancer and wherever it is sufficiently available it can replace the conventional diagnostic procedures.
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PMID:[Magnetic resonance tomography of the bone marrow for the detection of metastases of solid tumors]. 133 14

In patients with cervical metastases conventional examination by ultrasound, CT or MRI imaging often fails to identify an unknown primary tumor. Also the retrieval of a recurrent malignancy may be difficult. Scintigraphy, utilizing technetium-99m (v) dimercaptosuccinic acid was chosen for a prospective study in 17 patients to evaluate its properties for imaging metastasizing squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Scintigraphic findings were correlated with the results of clinical examination and conventional imaging techniques. In all cases the primary tumor revealed good uptake of 99mTc(v)DMSA. Manifest cervical metastases could only be imaged in some cases. In future, therefore, 99mTc(v)DMSA scanning may be used for the detection of unknown primary tumors. However, it does not appear helpful in the evaluation of cervical nodes.
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PMID:[Scintigraphic imaging of head and neck cancers with 99m technetium (v) dimercaptosuccinic acid. A prospective clinical study]. 133 46

MRI is the technique of choice to detect cerebral metastases. Double-dose delayed CT is the optimal CT examination to be performed in case of limited access to MRI. If the examination shows the presence of multiple metastases, MRI is not necessary. If CT shows an apparently single lesion, an MRI examination is essential, considering the number of lesions detected by MRI and not seen with CT.
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PMID:[How can metastatic extension be assessed in the brain?]. 133 73

The evaluation of infra-diaphragmatic extension to the liver and the adrenal of non oat-cells bronchogenic carcinoma, is indicated to select the patients which may be operated. Thin slices (5 mm) on the adrenals have to be performed on the initial thoracic computed tomography, as ultrasonography (US) and MRI are less accurate. The exploration of the liver by US used as first imaging modality, may induce some false negative results, with useless surgery, and may be replaced by a CT of adrenal and liver. MRI doesn't seem actually without adapted contrast agents, significatively more efficient than CT, to detect metastases of the liver or adrenals.
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PMID:[Evaluation of metastatic liver and adrenal involvement in the pre-therapeutic staging of non-small cell bronchial cancer]. 133 75

The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of MRI, CT and radioimmunoscintigraphy in the staging and detection of bladder cancers in 28 patients. We distinguish two groups: Group I included the tumour stages CIS-T3A and the second group the deep infiltrative tumours T3B-T4. MRI was slightly superior to CT in respect of tumour staging (75% correct results as compared to 63%). No understaging occurred with MRI, whereas in 22% of the cases the stage of the tumour was underestimated using CT diagnostics. Overstaging occurred in 25% of the MRI and 15% of the CT-diagnostics, respectively. RIS cannot distinguish the tumour groups, and hence this method is useful only for the detection of the primary tumour and metastases. In 77% of cases the tumour was detected and in 15% the tumour could be safely excluded.
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PMID:[The demonstration and staging of bladder carcinoma. A comparative study between magnetic resonance tomography, computed tomography and radioimmunoscintigraphy]. 139 37

We report the CT findings in a patient with pineoblastoma metastatic to the peritoneum via a VP shunt. A large, soft tissue tumor mass was revealed in the pelvis with associated peritoneal seeding and ascites. The initial intracranial tumor biopsy and later biopsy of metastatic peritoneal tumor demonstrated identical tissue diagnostic for pineoblastoma. Patients with intracranial malignant neoplasms and VP shunts will be followed during or after treatment with MRI brain scans. Periodic CT abdomen scans should be obtained to detect potential peritoneal metastases early to allow more effective treatment.
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PMID:Metastatic pineoblastoma via a ventriculoperitoneal shunt: CT demonstration. 139 82

The focus of Guttmann's treatment concept had been to set up a comprehensive rehabilitation system, aimed not only at saving the life of a person with paraplegia or tetraplegia but at giving it meaning as well. Progress made in the fields of rescue services, anaesthesia, intensive medicine, in spinal surgery, neurourology and diagnostics (CT, MRI) as well as in pharmacology, have decisively enhanced the possibilities of clinical rehabilitation, and have in some respects entailed deviations from Guttmann's classical treatment principles. Moreover, the patient population has changed in profile in the course of time, due to better chances of survival also in high-level tetraplegia, greater numbers of higher-age SCI patients and of patients with non-traumatic SCI (tumours, metastases, infections). A higher life expectancy achieved by better possibilities as regards prevention and treatment of SCI-related complications, new challenges for the future emanate from age-related diseases occurring in addition to the spinal lesion.
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PMID:[Clinical rehabilitation of the spinal cord injury patient--is the Guttmann concept still valid?]. 141 Jul 74


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