Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is rare. A 38-year-old woman visited our hospital 2 days after experiencing transient anterior chest pain. Chest radiography showed a nodule suggestive of adenocarcinoma in the middle lobe; however, transbronchial lung biopsy and computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous needle cytology showed signs of inflammation. To obtain a definitive diagnosis we performed a wedge resection using video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and removed the nodule completely. The pathologic diagnosis made during surgery was IMT. The longest dimension of the nodule was 28 mm. Immunohistochemical examination showed proliferating spindle cells, which were positive for vimentin and smooth muscle actin, but negative for desmin, CD34, cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, S100 protein, and neuron specific enolase. These findings were consistent with the staining pattern of IMT previously reported. Careful follow-up is necessary to detect any sign of local recurrence and distant metastases.
 ...
PMID:Pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor resected by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: Report of a case. 1724 33

Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) is a benign, slowly growing tumor typically occurring in the setting of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). However there are several reported cases in which patients with a solitary SEGA had no other stigmata of TSC. We describe a case of SEGA in a 75-year-old woman representing the oldest patient reported to-date. The patient had a history of radical vulvectomy for malignant melanoma (MM), and died of autopsy-confirmed widespread systemic metastasis. Postmortem examination of the brain revealed a single 2.1 x 1.0 x 0.8 cm intraventricular nodule in the lateral ventricle. Histologically, it was composed of interlacing bundles of spindle-shaped tumor cells with thin delicate processes admixed with relatively large pleomorphic cells with abundant glassy eosinophilic cytoplasm, as seen in a SEGA. Immunohistochemically, GFAP, S-100 protein, and neuron specific enolase were positive, and synaptophysin labeled a few tumor cells. Also noted were rare isolated MM cells within the tumor (i.e., tumor-to-tumor metastasis). Autopsy showed no manifestations of TSC systemically or intracranially. The histopathological differential diagnosis was limited and included giant cell ependymoma and, much less likely, giant cell glioblastoma and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. This case illustrates that SEGA can be found incidentally in an elderly individual with no associated symptoms and also indicates that SEGA can occur outside the setting of TSC. Tumor metastasis to an occult SEGA is extremely rare.
 ...
PMID:Solitary subependymal giant cell astrocytoma incidentally found at autopsy in an elderly woman without tuberous sclerosis complex. 1867 43

A 35-year-old lady presented with recurrent episodes of painful right upper lid swelling and ptosis of 6 months' duration. The symptoms would subside with oral antibiotics and painkillers. She had also been undergoing treatment for one year for multiple painful osteolytic lesions in the long bones and axial skeleton for which no definite diagnosis had been made, despite several radiological and serological investigations having been performed. Computed tomographic scan showed a soft tissue lesion in the superolateral part of the right orbit with erosion of the adjacent bone. Lacrimal gland biopsy showed non-specific inflammatory changes. She was referred for full work-up to exclude lymphoma and metastasis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an enhancing soft tissue mass in the right anterior cranial fossa eroding the lateral orbital wall and extending into the orbit. Another mass encased the superior sagittal sinus. Bone marrow biopsy showed near total replacement of marrow cells by a round cell tumour. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the tumour cells expressed neuron specific enolase and chromogranin. The pathological findings suggested a diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumour though neuroblastoma could not be unequivocally ruled out. (131) I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scan showed no uptake. Radiologic studies suggested multiple bony metastases. No other site of primary tumour was found so there was a strong possibility of it being a primary orbito-cranial neurogenic tumour. Neuroblastomas and neuroendocrine tumours are very rare in adults. The orbit is an unusual site for a primary of this nature. In addition, it is quite difficult to make a specific diagnosis in a less differentiated tumour.
 ...
PMID:Rare orbitocranial tumour in an adult. 1983 15

A 35-year-old lady presented with recurrent episodes of painful right upper lid swelling and ptosis of 6 months' duration. The symptoms would subside with oral antibiotics and painkillers. She had also been undergoing treatment for 1 year for multiple painful osteolytic lesions in the long bones and axial skeleton for which no definite diagnosis had been made, despite several radiological and serological investigations having been performed. Computed tomographic scan showed a soft tissue lesion in the superolateral part of the right orbit with erosion of the adjacent bone. Lacrimal gland biopsy showed non-specific inflammatory changes. She was referred for full work-up to exclude lymphoma and metastasis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an enhancing soft tissue mass in the right anterior cranial fossa eroding the lateral orbital wall and extending into the orbit. Another mass encased the superior sagittal sinus. Bone marrow biopsy showed near total replacement of marrow cells by a round cell tumour. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the tumour cells expressed neuron specific enolase and chromogranin. The pathological findings suggested a diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumour though neuroblastoma could not be unequivocally ruled out. A(131) I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scan showed no uptake. Radiologic studies suggested multiple bony metastases. No other site of primary tumour was found so there was a strong possibility of it being a primary orbito-cranial neurogenic tumour. Neuroblastomas and neuroendocrine tumours are very rare in adults. The orbit is an unusual site for a primary of this nature. In addition, it is quite difficult to make a specific diagnosis in a less differentiated tumour.
 ...
PMID:Rare orbitocranial tumour in an adult. 2656 7

Carcinoid tumour tissue from two patients was removed from lymph node metastases during surgery. Under sterile conditions the cells were prepared for tissue culture, and grew in clusters for a period of 3-4 weeks. Using immunofluorescence the neoplastic cells were investigated for the presence of various antigens characteristic for other amine handling cell types (adrenal medullary cells, adrenergic neurons, endocrine cells); thus, the presence of catecholamine synthesizing enzymes, 5-HT, MAOs, neuron specific enolase, synaptophysin, chromogranin A and neurofilaments was demonstrated in the carcinoid tumour cells. Also ?-adrenoceptor-like immunoreactivity was present, as was NGF-like immunoreactivity. The amine handling properties were investigated by measuring spontaneous and drug-induced release of 5-HT into the culture medium. Reserpine enhanced the 5-HT levels in the medium, and this was further potentiated by the MAO-inhibitor nialamide or the membrane pump blocker imipramine. The 5-HT synthetic capacity was pronounced, as indicated by measuring the cumulative 5-HT release into the medium after frequent changes of media (at 1 h intervals). If media were changed every 4 d 5-HT levels reached a saturation. In the fluorescence microscope the effect of reserpine in depleting the 5-HT stores was slow; at 24 h of reserpine presence in the media many cells still contained strong 5-HT fluorescence (partly with an agranular appearance) while some cells appeared depleted. Thus, there was a striking difference between individual cells in the reaction to reserpine. ?-Adrenoceptor activation with isoprenaline released 5-HT into the medium in a dose-dependent manner, not blocked by propranolol. This indicates unusual properties of the ?-adrenoceptor, also demonstrated to be present on these neoplastic cells by immunocytochemistry.
 ...
PMID:Amine handling properties of human carcinoid tumour cells in tissue culture. 2050 34

Devil facial tumor disease (DFTD) is a transmissible neoplasm that is threatening the survival of the Tasmanian devil. Genetic analyses have indicated that the disease is a peripheral nerve sheath neoplasm of Schwann cell origin. DFTD cells express genes characteristic of myelinating Schwann cells, and periaxin, a Schwann cell protein, has been proposed as a marker for the disease. Diagnosis of DFTD is currently based on histopathology, cytogenetics, and clinical appearance of the disease in affected animals. As devils are susceptible to a variety of neoplastic processes, a specific diagnostic test is required to differentiate DFTD from cancers of similar morphological appearance. This study presents a thorough examination of the expression of a set of Schwann cell and other neural crest markers in DFTD tumors and normal devil tissues. Samples from 20 primary DFTD tumors and 10 DFTD metastases were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for the expression of periaxin, S100 protein, peripheral myelin protein 22, nerve growth factor receptor, nestin, neuron specific enolase, chromogranin A, and myelin basic protein. Of these, periaxin was confirmed as the most sensitive and specific marker, labeling the majority of DFTD cells in 100% of primary DFTD tumors and DFTD metastases. In normal tissues, periaxin showed specificity for Schwann cells in peripheral nerve bundles. This marker was then evaluated in cultured devil Schwann cells, DFTD cell lines, and xenografted DFTD tumors. Periaxin expression was maintained in all these models, validating its utility as a diagnostic marker for the disease.
 ...
PMID:Tumor-specific diagnostic marker for transmissible facial tumors of Tasmanian devils: immunohistochemistry studies. 2138 18

Granular cell tumor (GCT) was first described by Abrikossoff in 1926. GCT is a rarely seen soft tissue tumor and is generally benign. While the tumor can be seen in all parts of the body it is generally located on the head and neck region, and especially on the tongue. GCT is rarely seen in the anal-perianal region. In accordance with literature this case was reported because it was thought to be the 27th anal-perianal located GCT case. In this case report, approximately 0,5-1 cm pedunculated polypoid lesion was determined in the perianal region during the physical examination of a 23 year old female patient who applied with palpable mass complaint in the perianal region. Lesion in the patient was totally excited with healthy skin-subcutaneous tissue under local anesthesia. A benign granular cell tumor was detected in the histopathological examination. Positive staining was monitored immunohistochemically with S-100 and neuron specific enolase (NSE). GCT is a rarely seen tumor in the anal-perianal region and its malign transformation rate is very low. Even lesions seen in the perianal region have clinically a benign appearance, a histopathological examination should be conducted and also GCT should be kept in mind during diagnosis. Malign-benign separation of these lesions is difficult so histopathological examination should be conducted with great care. Large local excision in the treatment provides curative treatment. But for those presenting malign transformation further examination must be performed for metastasis. After the treatment local recurrence and metastasis should be considered carefully. Prognosis of metastatic disease is very bad.
...
PMID:Granular cell tumor on perianal region: a case report. 2394 99

An 80-year-old man with prostate cancer receiving hormone therapy presented with urinary retention. The computed tomographic scan showed metastases to the lung, liver, and lymph nodes, as well as increased prostate volume. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) was performed, and the resected specimen was pathologically found to be a small cell carcinoma of the prostate. The patient was treated with a combination of carboplatin and irinotecan, and achieved a partial response : size reduction of the prostate and the metastatic lesions, and decreased neuron specific enolase (NSE) level. The chemotherapy with carboplatin and irinotecan is reported to have fewer serious adverse effects, and equivalent efficacy to the cisplatin/etoposide chemotherapy. Therefore, this regimen could also be a treatment option for the patients with small cell carcinoma of the prostate.
...
PMID:[Carboplatin plus irinotecan induced partial response in a patient with small cell carcinoma of the prostate; a case report]. 2459 72

A 92-year-old man presented for evaluation with a 1-month history of a rapidly growing asymptomatic pink nodule on his forearm. Biopsy results of the lesion demonstrated pathology consistent with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Immunohistochemical studies displayed positive cytoplasmic staining for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, positive dot-like perinuclear staining for cytokeratin-20, diffuse cytoplasmic staining for neuron specific enolase, and no significant staining for S-100. Subsequent positron emission tomography did not reveal evidence of metastatic disease. Wide excision of the lesion was performed along with a sentinel node biopsy of his left axilla. The sentinel nodes were negative for MCC. Adjuvant radiation treatment of the tumor site was provided because the pathologist noted MCC within 2 mm of the deep margin.
 ...
PMID:Merkel cell carcinoma. 2493 55

Benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) is a rare condition that occurs in all age groups and that is particularly prevalent among women of late childbearing age. All patients have a history of uterine leiomyoma and/or myomectomy, often associated with distant metastases from the uterus, which commonly occurs in the lung. We report the case of a 32-year-old young woman suffering from chest stuffiness, labored respiration and weakness after a myomectomy performed one month earlier. The chest CT showed a diffuse miliary shadow in both sides of her lungs, but serum tumor markers such as CA125, CA199, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron specific enolase (NSE), and CYFRA21-1 were normal. The patient underwent a lung biopsy by thoracoscopic surgery after four weeks of anti-TB treatment; there were no significant changes in the chest CT. H&E staining showed that the tumor cells had characteristics of smooth muscle cell differentiation. Immunohistochemical staining showed a low tumor cell proliferation index, which indicated that the likelihood of a malignancy was not high. There was no expression of CD10, indicating a diagnosis of pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma (PBML). Smooth muscle actin (SMA) and desmin as specific markers of smooth muscle and the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) were all strongly positive, which is characteristic of PBML. The patient was given the anti-estrogen tamoxifen for 3 months. With no radiological evidence of disease development and further distant metastasis, the patient will continue to be followed.
...
PMID:Pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma: a case report and literature review. 2497 35


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>