Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tissue specimens from 150 patients with localised prostatic carcinomas and 116 patients with prostatic carcinomas with distant metastases were analysed for histological grade (WHO and Gleason) and immunoreactivity for prostate acid phosphatase (PAP), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), neurone-specific enolase (NSE), p53 protein, c-erbB-2 protein, cytokeratins (AE1/AE3) and vimentin. After stratification for the presence or absence of distant metastases, multivariate regression analysis revealed that WHO grading was the most powerful independent prognosticator, followed by age and prostate acid phosphatase expression. There was a trend towards reduced survival with decreasing prostate-specific antigen reactivity. The Gleason system showed poor prognostic ability. The analysis predicted reduced survival in the presence of extensive neurone-specific enolase reactivity, mostly because of one case of small-cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Prostatic carcinoma: a multivariate analysis of prognostic factors. 751 29

CYFRA 21-1, CEA, CA 125, SCC and NSE serum levels were determined in 50 healthy subjects and in 189 patients with primary lung cancer (101 with locoregional disease, 68 with recurrence and 20 patients with no evidence of residual disease (NED). Abnormal CYFRA 21-1 serum levels were found in 53.6% (90/168) of the patients with active cancer. Neither healthy subjects nor NED patients had abnormal serum levels. CYFR alpha 21-1 serum concentrations were significantly higher in patients with active cancer than in healthy subjects or in NED patients (p < 0.0001). CYFRA 21-1 sensitivity was related to tumor histology with abnormal levels in 64.7% of patients with NSCLC and in 30% of patients with SCLC (P < 0.0001). In NSCLC, serum CYFRA 21-1 concentrations were also related to histological type, the highest values being found in squamous cell carcinomas and LCLC and the lowest in adenocarcinomas (p < 0.04). There was also a clear relationship between CYFRA 21-1 and tumor extension, with significantly higher values in patients with metastases than in those without metastases (p < 0.0001). Abnormal CEA values were found in 49.1%, CA 125 in 39%, SCC in 27.8% and NSE in 21.3% of the patients with active cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:CYFRA 21-1 in lung cancer: comparison with CEA, CA 125, SCC and NSE serum levels. 752 48

Immunohistology was performed on 84 paraffin-embedded surgical specimens of malignant melanomas (MM) from a total of 74 patients. The series consisted of 62 cutaneous primary tumors and 22 (partly selected) secondary manifestations (9 cutaneous recurrences and 13 metastases). In 4 patients with lymph node MM infiltrates, clinical investigations failed to identify a cutaneous primary tumor. In the primary and secondary manifestations respectively, the following proportions of immunohistologically positive cases were recorded: vimentin 100% each, S100-protein 95% each, NSE 87%/77%, HMB45 97%/64%, NKI/C3 97%/95%, cytokeratins (CK) (antibodies KL1, CAM5.2 and 35 beta H11) 0%/23%. Four of the 5 CK-positive lesions belonged to 3 patients in whom MM had occurred at first or exclusively as a lymph node infiltration. These findings confirm the results of other authors who report that positive staining results for CK can be expected in paraffin sections of secondary manifestations of MM in up to 10% of cases in large, nonselected series. This phenomenon appears, however, to be rare in primary cutaneous MM.
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PMID:[Positive cytokeratin results in malignant melanoma. Pitfall in differential immunohistologic diagnosis of occult neoplasms]. 752 71

Somatostatin receptors have been described on the membrane of neoplastic cells derived from the APUD system and their expression has also been demonstrated on small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in vitro and in vivo. 21 patients with SCLC were studied using 111In-octreotide (111In-OCT) scintigraphy. Scintigraphic examinations were performed following intravenous (i.v.) injection of 111 MBq 111In-OCT with whole-body scintigraphy and planar scintigraphy of the thorax as well as the SPET technique. No short-term side effects were described following 111In-OCT administration. We studied the 111In-OCT biodistribution in 3 patients with serial scintigraphies at 1, 5 and 24 h. We used the 5 h as standard scanning time for the following 18 patients. The scintigraphic results were compared with those of other conventional diagnostic procedures. 111In-OCT detected 86% (48/56) of the lesions already known at the time of scintigraphy. It was positive in all 20 SCLC patients and negative in one lung adenocarcinoma. 111In-OCT showed high sensitivity for mediastinal metastases (94%) and good sensitivity for bone metastases (75%) and abdominal lymph node metastases (71%). 111In-OCT did not detect two liver metastases. 111In-OCT detected five unknown lesions which were confirmed by other diagnostic examinations. 111In-OCT was also effective in cancer patients with low levels of NSE. Our study shows that 111In-OCT scintigraphy is a reliable, non-invasive technique to detect primary SLCL and its locoregional or distant metastases. The clinical utility of receptor status characterisation obtained with 111In-OCT scintigraphy should be evaluated by means of an appropriate prospective study.
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PMID:Somatostatin receptor imaging of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) by means of 111In-DTPA octreotide scintigraphy. 771 23

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumors of infancy (MNTI) are uncommon, usually benign neoplasms, most frequently found in the maxilla. These tumors are extremely rare in the epididymis. Only 18 cases with this site of origin are documented. We report on the third epididymal MNTI with some morphological characteristics of malignancy but favorable clinical outcome. The 2 cm large tumor of a 6-month-old male infant showed large epitheloid cells in the center and small neuroblastoma-like cells at the periphery. Despite invasion of lymphatics there is no evidence of relapse or metastases during 4 years of follow-up. Immunohistochemically, the large tumor cells were distinctly positive for cytokeratin, vimentin, GFAP, the melanoma marker NKI-C3, NSE, and S100. The small tumor cells were only slightly positive for GFAP, NKI-C3, NSE, and S100 but they were negative for cytokeratin and vimentin. Neurofilament and chromogranin could not be proved in the tumor.
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PMID:Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) in the epididymis. A case report with immunohistological studies and special consideration of malignant features. 794 25

We report a case of a primary renal primitive neuroectodermal tumour in a 24-year-old man associated with multiple pulmonary metastases. Histologically, the bulk of the kidney was replaced by a small round-cell tumour with numerous true Homer-Wright rosettes and perivascular pseudorosettes; wide-spread vascular invasion was noted. There was no evidence at autopsy of a primary tumour elsewhere. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells stained strongly positive for O-13, a monoclonal antibody, which recognizes a recently described cell membrane glycoprotein (p30/32MIC2), more weakly for NSE and at least focally for PGP 9.5; the tumour did not stain for other neural markers, cytokeratin, leucocyte common antigen, or desmin. The differential diagnosis of small round-cell tumours in this location and the relation of primitive neuroectodermal tumours and Ewing's sarcoma are discussed.
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PMID:[Primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the kidney in an adult. Clinico-pathologic and immunohistochemical case report]. 797

Nine smooth muscle tumours, arising at a variety of sites and showing granular cell change of their cytoplasm, have been studied morphologically and immunohistochemically. The age of the patients ranged from 6 to 78 years (median 42 years); seven patients were female. Two tumours each arose in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue while the other five cases were situated in deeper soft tissue. Three of the lesions arose in the lower limbs, two in the pelvis and one each in the regions of the elbow, shoulder, breast and buttock. Follow-up in eight patients was available and revealed local recurrence in three and pulmonary metastases in two cases. All cases showed at least focally the light microscopic features of a smooth muscle tumour and demonstrated moderate to strong positivity for alpha-smooth muscle actin. Five were also HHF-35 positive and three were desmin positive. Noteworthy was strong positivity for the 'melanoma associated' antigen NKI/C3 in all cases. Six cases stained also weakly positive for NSE, but all were S-100 protein negative. The former is not specific but is the most reliable marker of lesions showing granular cell change. Granular cytoplasmic change represents simply a cytological phenotype, apparently representing a characteristic metabolic alteration, not exclusively associated with Schwann cell tumours. Tumours containing granular cells are best classified according to their line of specific cellular differentiation if possible.
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PMID:Granular cell change in smooth muscle tumours of skin and soft tissue. 820 Jun 24

A 63-year-old man was admitted to Sendai Red Cross Hospital complaining of chest and back pain associated with Cushing's syndrome. Based on the abnormally high levels of ACTH, cortisol, and CRH in plasma the patient was suspected of having ectopic ACTH syndrome. Histological examination of an extirpated rib and pleural tumor led to the diagnosis of atypical carcinoid tumor, with ribbon and festoon formation, immunoreactivity to ACTH, NSE, Chg-A, and argyrophilia in the tumor cells. Anti-cancer chemotherapy was not effective, and the patient died within a year after the onset of Cushing's syndrome. An autopsy revealed that the patient had an ACTH- and CRH-producing thymic carcinoid with metastases to many organs. The pituitary was atrophic with Crooke's hyaline change. There were many CRH-positive cells in the paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus, where no remarkable pathologic changes were seen.
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PMID:[Thymic carcinoid associated with ectopic ACTH syndrome]. 869 71

We experienced a case of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus treated by operation. A 57-year-old female was examined for a complaint of dysphagia. The radiologic and endoscopic examination revealed Borrmann III like tumor (8 cm long) at lower esophagus (EiEa). Endoscopic biopsy led to a diagnosis of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Chest X-ray and chest CT showed no lung tumor, no swelling of lymph node and no invasion of esophageal tumor. Lower esophagectomy, proximal gastrectomy and esophago-gastrostomy through intrathoracic route was performed. Histopathologically, resected tumor was diagnosed as small cell carcinoma (Oat-cell type) with rosette formation. Grimerius stain revealed negative reaction and immunohistochemical stain by NSE monoclonal antibody revealed positive reaction in tumor cells. Histological staging was a0, n1(+), M0, P1(zero), stage II. Recurrence at paraaortic lymph node occurred in 2 months after the surgery. Chemotherapy (CDDP, 5-FU and Leucovorin) was performed, but not effective. She died from multiple metastases in 5 months after the surgery (6 months after the diagnosis).
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PMID:[A case of small cell carcinoma (oat-cell type) of the esophagus]. 874 55

Twenty-one patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were investigated with 111in-octreotide (111-In-OCT) scintigraphs, 5 hours after the i.v. injection of 111 MBq of the radiotracer. Whole-body and planar scintigraphy as well as SPECT of the thorax were required. The scintigraphic results were compared to those of other conventional diagnostic procedures used for the staging and follow-up of SCLC patients. 111In-OCT detected 86% (48/56) of the lesions already known at the time of scintigraphy, being positive for all 20 SCLC lesions and negative for one lung adenocarcinoma. 111In-OCT showed a high sensitivity for mediastinal metastases (94%) and good sensitivity for bone (75%) and abdominal lymph node metastases (71%). It did not detect 2 liver metastases but revealed 5 unknown lesions which were then confirmed by other diagnostic examinations. 111In-OCT was also effective in patients with low levels of NSE. Three patients received cold octreotide for seven days to investigate whether this treatment might affect SCLC imaging. Scans were performed before and after treatment. The 111In-OCT uptake increased in the cancer lesions while the fixation in normal tissues decreased, demonstrating enhancement of SCLC imaging following cold octreotide administration.
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PMID:111In-DTPA-D-Phe-1-octreotide scintigraphy of small cell lung cancer. 900 63


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