Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tenascin, a large glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix, is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration during embryogenesis. In adult tissue, it is expressed only in certain areas. However, it gains importance again in proliferative processes such as wound healing and especially in tumor development. We examined paraffin-embedded specimens of 25 patients with a squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, 5 patients with an adenocarcinoma of the small intestine, 4 patients with a carcinoid tumor of the small intestine, and 49 patients with an adenocarcinoma of the colorectum. Immunohistochemical staining was performed by the use of a monoclonal antibody against human tenascin and the avidin-biotin-complex technique. Amino-Ethylcarbazol served as a chromogen. We investigated the distribution of tenascin in tumors, normal tissue, and lymph node metastases and compared it to tumor grading and TNM-classification. We found a uniform pattern of tenascin expression in all tumors and lymph node metastases examined in the gastrointestinal tract. One pattern was characterized by an immunoreaction near the basement membrane in well-differentiated areas and the other showed a diffuse, network-like expression in poorly differentiated areas with abundant stroma. There was a more intensive staining of the surrounding stroma near tumor cells invading into the submucosa or muscularis propria. It was even possible to detect small early carcinomas as well as small tumor cell populations in and around the lymph nodes by a strong immunostaining of the surrounding stroma. But we could not find any correlation of the tenascin expression patterns in comparison to the tumor grading and TNM-classification.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1995 Oct
PMID:Expression of tenascin in tumors of the esophagus, small intestine and colorectum. An immunohistochemical study. 854 91

Pituitary carcinomas are defined by their disconnected mode of extension, i.e. by the existence of intra- or extra-cerebral metastases. Since an invasive growth in the sella and its neighboring regions can also be noted in many pituitary adenomas, this invasion cannot be counted as a criterion for malignancy. Almost all pituitary carcinomas stem from previously operated or irradiated invasive adenomas. Like adenomas, they are classified with regard to the presumable cell of origin and the hormone which was produced contingently. Together with 67 pituitary carcinomas already published, three own cases are subject to a critical, summarizing judgement.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1995 Oct
PMID:Carcinomas of the pituitary: definition and review of the literature. 854 98

The course of patients suffering from renal cell carcinoma depends on various factors. The measurement of the nuclear DNA content has been considered as a prognostic indicator in addition to morphologic and clinical parameters. The meaning of this parameter is under discussion today. The aim of the present study is to investigate the influence of nuclear DNA parameters of renal cell carcinoma on the prognosis. It should be searched for such parameters which give us the possibility to divide the patients into a low-risk-group and a high-risk-group. 110 clear cell renal carcinomas were investigated by means of image analysis and flow cytometry. Stemline ploidy, 5c-exceeding-rate, DNA grade of malignancy, S-phase-fraction, proliferating fraction, and nuclear area have been determined. A significant correlation between the size of the tumor, lymph node metastases and distant metastases on the one hand and the computed DNA parameters on the other hand was found. A similar correlation between histologic grading and DNA parameters could be found. There were pieces of information about the clinical follow-up in 87 patients (mean follow-up time 15,5 months). Local recurrence occurred in 12 cases. The computed differences between DNA parameters and local recurrence were not significant. Further clinical follow-up and clinical re-examination of all patients will be performed. Then we can decide, if it is possible to make a division into low-risk and high-risk cases based on DNA parameters.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1996 Mar
PMID:DNA cytometry in renal cell carcinoma. 870 89

Metastases to the tonsils are extremely infrequent. Less than 70 cases have been reported in literature since 1858. The commonest sources of tonsillar metastases are malignant melanomas and carcinomas of the breast and the lungs. We report about two new cases of tonsillar metastases, one of which developed from a malignant melanoma, the other one from a hepatocellular carcinoma. We have not found any reports on tonsillar metastases stemming from hepatocellular carcinomas in literature and, moreover, in our case, this was the clinical presentation of the primary tumor.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1996 Mar
PMID:Tonsillar metastases: report on two cases and review of literature. 870 93

Besides the lungs, the liver is the second most common site of hematogenous metastases from carcinomata of the breast. Hepar lobatum carcinomatosum is the rarest form of metastatic liver disease. Reported in this article is a case of a 59-year-old woman with invasive duct carcinoma of the breast with metastasis to the axillar lymph nodes and liver, treated with ablatio mammae and combination of chemotherapy. The etiology of hepar lobatum is caused by multiple pathogenetic factors. Tumor-related multifocal obstruction of portal and hepatic venous vessels and effects of chemotherapy are discussed.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1996 Mar
PMID:Hepar lobatum carcinomatosum due to chemotherapy of a metastatic breast carcinoma. 870 95

We report the case of a 57-year-old woman with an unusually fast-growing and destructive osteoblastic tumor affecting the left humeral head. On histopathologic examination, most of the initial tumor revealed the characteristic morphologic features of a benign-appearing aggressive osteoblastoma. Based upon the presence of a few small scattered areas composed of atypical osteoblasts in abundant lace-like osteoid showing vascular permeation, the definitive diagnosis was that of an osteoblastoma with focal malignant transformation to well-differentiated osteosarcoma. Molecular biologic analysis revealed a splice mutation at the exon 5 donor site of the p53 gene, clearly indicating a malignant potential of the tumor. The proximal third of the humerus was resected en bloc and replaced by an uncemented modular endoprosthesis. Five months after surgery, an extensive local soft tissue recurrence occurred. Eight months postoperatively, a further massive recurrent tumor had developed an multiple pulmonary metastases became evident. Chemotherapy caused a marked decrease in the size of the soft tissue recurrences and the lung metastases showed no further increase of their number and size. Osteoblastomas with conversion to osteosarcoma should be considered a separate clinicopathologic tumor entity to be distinguished from genuine osteosarcoma. All cases of malignantly transformed conventional and aggressive osteoblastomas reported to date have shown a conversion to low- or high-grade osteosarcomas only in recurrent tumors. The present case supports the concept that osteoblastomas may primarily undergo early malignant transformation. Osteoblastomas with conversion to osteosarcoma require an aggressive surgical approach followed by chemotherapy in the hope of prolonging life expectancy or obtaining a cure.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1996 May
PMID:Aggressive osteoblastoma with focal malignant transformation and development of pulmonary metastases. A case report with a review of literature. 878 Sep 39

A 50-year-old man presented with a cervical lymph node metastasis of malignant tumor and a radiologically documented well-defined tumorous mass in the middle portion of the mediastinum. Under the presumptive diagnosis of an undifferentiated bronchogenic carcinoma, the patient underwent chemotherapy. However, the tumor did not respond to this treatment and showed further progression. The patient died four weeks after the lymph node biopsy. Autopsy revealed a well-defined cystic tumor in the mediastinum with infiltration of the pericardium. The tumor was not attached to the lungs. By histology and immunohistochemistry, a metastasizing malignant biphasic mesothelioma was diagnosed. The tumor had metastasized to intrapulmonary perivascular and peribronchiolar lymph vessels and hilar lymph nodes. Distant metastases were found in the right and left adrenal gland and in the brain. The strictly mediastinal localization and the cystic growth pattern of the tumor strongly suggest that this mesothelioma developed from a primary benign mesothelial cyst of the pericardium with secondary transformation into a malignant mesothelioma.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1996 Jun
PMID:Malignant mesothelioma arising from a benign mediastinal mesothelial cyst. 879 88

Image-DNA-cytometric analysis was performed retrospectively on air-dried touch preparations from gastric carcinoma from 122 patients who underwent surgery from 1989-1994. The results of DNA cytometry were compared with conventional histologic staging and grading. Aneuploidy could be verified in 81 cases (66.3%), and a significant correlation was demonstrated between aneuploidy and a high incidence of lymph node metastases, whereas no correlation with tumor type and histologic grade was detected. Thus DNA ploidy may by useful in predicting prognosis in gastric cancer.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1996 Oct
PMID:Clinical importance and prognostic value of the image-DNA-cytometry for patients with gastric cancer. 895 May 74

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) of the female genital tract are rare and more common in the ovary, but uncommon in the cervix uteri. A 26-year-old woman presented with suspect cervical smears. The conization specimen showed a small cell non-keratinised squamous cell carcinoma with involved margins. The patient underwent radical abdominal hysterectomy and pelvic lymphonodectomy. The microscopic examination showed a densely cellular tumor of small neuroendocrine cells with scanty cytoplasm and rosettes. Immunohistochemically, the cells were slightly positive for NSE and negative for S 100, GFAP, neurofilaments, squamous cell cytokeratin 1, vimentin, desmin and leukocyte common antigen. The diagnosis of PNET, stage pT1b1,N0, M0 was made. The patient underwent adjuvant pelvic radiation. Three years later, pulmonary metastases occured. Radiation therapy of the thorax and six courses of combination chemotherapy (5-FU and cis-platinium) could not prevent tumor progression. The patient died 4.2 years after diagnosis. The autopsy showed widespread lymphatic metastases and hepatic, pulmonal and skeletal metastases and a peritoneal carcinosis. The tumors are resistent to radio- and chemotherapy, and the prognosis is generally poor. Up to 15% foci of squamous or glandular differentiation occur in or adjacent to these tumors. So the authors favor the histogenesis from a pluripotent endocervical stem cell. The neuroendocrine component of mixed tumors improve the prognosis. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize this component.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1997 Feb
PMID:Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the cervix uteri. A case report. 906 88

We have performed immunohistochemical staining for p53 and c-erbB-2 on formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary invasive ductal carcinomas from 112 patients, with a minimal follow-up time of 60 months. All of them had received postoperative chemoradiation therapy. We have analyzed the association of these factors with epidemiologic risk factors, histopathologic features and hormonal receptor status and the influence on prognosis. Our results indicate that the expression of c-erbB-2 protein defines a group of node-negative patients with poor prognosis. The overexpression of c-erbB-2 has shown a significant association with estrogen receptor status (those tumors expressing c-erbB-2 are usually estrogen receptor negative), presence of fibrosis and lymphoplasmacytoid infiltrates. P53 expression has shown no relation either with prognosis or with any other histopathologic or clinical feature. The only factors with prognostic influence in our series have been tumor size, the presence of node metastases, TNM stage and the prognostic morphometric index (Baak's index), apart from c-erbB-2 in node-negative patients. However, only the TNM stage showed an independent association with prognosis after a multivariate analysis. In summary, in our experience the expression of p53 protein has no prognostic influence on breast carcinoma, and TNM stage remains to be as the most powerful prognostic factor in these patients.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1997 Jun
PMID:Immunohistochemical expression of p53 and c-erbB-2 in breast carcinoma: relation with epidemiologic factors, histologic features and prognosis. 922 51


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