Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Partial response (PR) was obtained in a patient with advanced colon cancer following peptide vaccine therapy. A 61-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for peptide vaccine therapy. She had undergone sigmoidectomy at a nearby hospital and eventually developed multiple metastases to the lung and pelvic lymph nodes with left hydronephrosis. A ureteral stenting catheter had been inserted for left hydronephrosis, and oral opioids had been administered for relief of pain in the left pelvic region. Three tumor-antigen-derived peptides (RNF43, TOMM34, and KOC1) and two human VEGFR-derived peptides (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) were used as a cocktail. The peptide cocktail was subcutaneously inoculated on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 and repeated at 14-day intervals. The patient's serum level of carcinoembryonic antigen was 28.9 ng/mL (N<5 ng/mL) before treatment, and it decreased promptly after the initiation of therapy to within a normal range. Evaluation of computed tomography images at week 5 revealed PR as determined by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor criteria. After month 3, the oral opioid was discontinued. The PR lasted for 4 months and was followed by stable disease for another 4 months. No particular adverse effects were observed. A cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response was evaluated by immunosorbent spot assay, and a positive CTL response was recognized against at least one of five peptides at each end of the six courses. Immunotherapy has been proven to slow tumor growth by inducing an active antitumor immune response; and therefore, significant tumor shrinkage is rarely observed. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of PR presented in a patient with advanced colon cancer.
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PMID:Significant clinical response of advanced colon cancer to peptide vaccine therapy: a case report. 2276 29

Appropriate mitochondrial functioning in normal cells depends on proper functioning of mitochondrial translocation machinery, of which translocase of the outer membrane of mitochondria (TOMM) plays important role. The aim of this study was to explore the expression of TOMM34 in invasive breast cancer (BC) with relevance to BC molecular subtypes and patients' outcome. Gene expression data of 128 BC were analysed using artificial neuronal network (ANN) analysis to identify differentially expressed genes between BC with distant metastases and that without distant metastases. TOMM34 expression was assessed in a large series of BC (n = 1,061) with long-term follow-up using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry. TOMM34 protein expression was quantitatively measured using the novel reverse phase protein microarray (RPPA) technique. ANN analysis revealed TOMM34 gene transcript as one of the top differentially expressed gene correlated with BC distant metastasis. Protein expression of TOMM34 was associated with features of aggressive behaviour including higher tumour grade, advanced nodal stage, larger tumour size and lymphovascular invasion. TOMM34 over-expression was significantly associated with shorter BC-specific survival and metastasis-free survival independent of standard prognostic parameters. TOMM34 protein expression was quantified by RPPA which showed that the mean expression values of TOMM34 were higher in samples demonstrating features of poor outcome. This study demonstrates at translational protein expression level that TOMM34 is a marker of poor prognosis in BC. Our findings underscore the role played by mitochondrial machinery in BC progression and warrant their validation on a prospective basis.
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PMID:TOMM34 expression in early invasive breast cancer: a biomarker associated with poor outcome. 2305 44

Accurate distant metastasis (DM) prediction is critical for risk stratification and effective treatment decisions in breast cancer (BC). Many prognostic markers/models based on tissue marker studies are continually emerging using conventional statistical approaches analysing complex/dimensional data association with DM/poor prognosis. However, few of them have fulfilled satisfactory evidences for clinical application. This study aimed at building DM risk assessment algorithm for BC patients. A well-characterised series of early invasive primary operable BC (n = 1902), with immunohistochemical expression of a panel of biomarkers (n = 31) formed the material of this study. Decision tree algorithm was computed using WEKA software, utilising quantitative biomarkers' expression and the absence/presence of distant metastases. Fifteen biomarkers were significantly associated with DM, with six temporal subgroups characterised based on time to development of DM ranging from <1 to >15 years of follow-up. Of these 15 biomarkers, 10 had a significant expression pattern where Ki67LI, HER2, p53, N-cadherin, P-cadherin, PIK3CA and TOMM34 showed significantly higher expressions with earlier development of DM. In contrast, higher expressions of ER, PR and BCL2 were associated with delayed occurrence of DM. DM prediction algorithm was built utilising cases informative for the 15 significant markers. Four risk groups of patients were characterised. Three markers p53, HER2 and BCL2 predicted the probability of DM, based on software-generated cut-offs, with a precision rate of 81.1 % for positive predictive value and 77.3 %, for the negative predictive value. This algorithm reiterates the reported prognostic values of these three markers and underscores their central biological role in BC progression. Further independent validation of this pruned panel of biomarkers is therefore warranted.
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PMID:Markers of progression in early-stage invasive breast cancer: a predictive immunohistochemical panel algorithm for distant recurrence risk stratification. 2595 87