Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three cases of acute renal failure (ARF) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) in the course of neoplastic disease were presented. 7.5-yr-old girl admitted with postrenal failure during palliative radiotherapy had metastases in retroperitoneal space. Improvement followed percutaneous placement of nephrostomy catheters. 16-yr-old boy with acute myeloid leukemia was effectively treated with hemodialysis for prerenal and renal ARF mediated by vasomotor, infectious and toxic factors. In 11-yr-old boy ARF was the first clinical presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Chemotherapy brought restoration of renal function. As a conclusion we emphasize complex etiology of ARF in such patients as well as the necessity of early introduction of RRT and thorough diagnosis and proper management of the causes of impaired renal function.
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PMID:[Acute renal failure as complication of neoplastic disease in children]. 1266 50

From 1984 to 2001, 486 operations were carried out at the surgical clinic in Gera for pancreatic neoplasms, including 49 patients with rare neoplasms of the pancreas. In 23 patients malignant pancreatic tumors were present (9 solitary metastases, 9 endocrine carcinomas, 2 cystadenocarcinomas, 2 schwannomas and one non-Hodgkin's lymphoma). In 28 benign lesions a resection of the tumor was performed, concerning 8 insulinomas, 8 serous cystadenomas, 3 mucinous cystadenomas and 4 rare cystic tumors. A sarcoidosis, an autoimmune pancreatitis and a radiation fibrosis were diagnosed in 3 patients operated under the suspicion of a malignant pancreatic tumor. By means of own case examples and data from the literature these rare entities are described with their diagnostic and therapeutic special features.
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PMID:[Rare tumors of the pancreas]. 1281 44

Since the adrenal gland is a common site of metastatic disease, it is sometimes difficult to find the primary lesion only by diagnostic imaging. We report a case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with bilateral adrenal involvement, in which percutaneous needle biopsy was useful to determine the histology.
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PMID:[A case of malignant lymphoma with bilateral adrenal involvement]. 1497 59

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are responsible for the degradation of extracellular matrix and have an important role in tumour metastases. We investigated the role of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The serum samples of patients with HD (n = 12), NHL (n = 30) and healthy control (n = 22) were analysed for MMP-2 and MMP-9. An immunoassay method was used for the determination of MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels. No statistical significance was found between HD and NHL groups for levels of MMP-2. There were no relation between MMP-2, MMP-9 levels and clinical characteristics of patients. The mean MMP-9 levels were found to be 555.6 +/- 140 ng/ml, 446.6 +/- 53.6 ng/ml and 111.2 +/- 10.3 ng/ml in HD, NHL and control groups, respectively. Our results suggest that MMP-9 levels are substantially increased in HD and NHL when compared with controls and may probably be used for distinguishing the benign diseases from malign lymphomas.
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PMID:Prognostic value of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 1505 61

Paraneoplastic syndromes are manifestations of malignancies that have produced effects that are distant from the primary tumor or metastases. Paraneoplastic syndromes are not caused by local effects of compression or infiltration into tissues, but are generally due to ectopic hormone production, autoimmune phenomena, or overproduction of cytokines. Paraneoplasia may be the presenting symptom of underlying malignancy and can affect almost any organ system, such as the neurologic syndromes associated with small-cell lung cancer or hypercalcemia associated with squamous cell carcinomas. Lymphoproliferative disorders are also associated with many paraneoplastic disorders; however, to date, most published information has been in the form of case reports and series of small numbers of patients. In this review, the most common paraneoplastic syndromes associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease will be discussed.
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PMID:Paraneoplastic manifestations of lymphoma. 1524 5

The coregistration of planning CT and 18F-fluoro-deoxy-2-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) with patient in the same treatment position is the principally well-established tool for improving the target coverage defined and the target planning volume to treat the metabolic target volume. Most of the interest in the coresgistred CT/PET images on volume delineation has focused on conformal radiation therapy of non-small cell lung cancer. In spite of technical difficulties related to the target volume displacements, and the sensitivity and the specificity of FDG-PET images < 100%, the target volume delineation is significantly changed by the coregistration of FDG-PET images and planning CT by either reduction of the radiation volume (excluding atelectasis or mediastinal lymph node) or the increasing of mediastinal lymph node involvement. Image fusion technique reduces the interobserver variability in target volume delineation. Furthermore, after induction chemotherapy image fusion leads to improve the patient management by detecting locoregional progression disease or the presence of metastatic disease. Other anatomic tumor sites are going to investigate such as: head-and-neck cancer, gynecologic cancer, oesophageal cancer, anal cancer, Hodgkin's disease, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The impact on treatment outcome remains to be demonstrated.
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PMID:[The impact of integrating images of positron emission tomography with computed tomography simulation on radiation therapy planning]. 1567 44

For more than 50 years now, nuclear medicine has offered therapeutic procedures in oncology. These comprise bone pain palliation in bone metastases of prostate and breast cancer. For more than 20 years now, metaiodobenzylguanidine (mIBG) has been used to treat neuroendocrine tumors. Ten years ago, somatostatin analogues such as Y-90 Dotatoc became available for the treatment of somatostatin receptor-positive tumors. The intracavitary injection of radiocolloids has been well known for 5 decades now and can be used in malignant effusions. Invasive procedures such as intra-arterial injection of I-131 lipiodol may be applied in multifocal, nonresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Beyond that, intratumoral injection of radioisotopes may be used in cutaneous metastases. Radioimmunotherapy using labeled tumor antibodies is now also available, especially in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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PMID:[Therapy with radioisotopes in oncology. Palliative and curative approaches]. 1571 3

The availability of new chemotherapy agents in the last several years has had a significant impact on the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), but questions about how best to use these agents remain. In this article we review the evidence for maintaining full dose on schedule (FDOS) chemotherapy in CRC. To date, clinical studies have focused on determining which agents or combinations are optimal in advanced disease or the adjuvant setting. Combinations of irinotecan or oxaliplatin with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin are currently being evaluated in the adjuvant treatment of CRC, and the addition of targeted biologic agents to standard chemotherapy regimens is being evaluated in the treatment of advanced disease. Few studies have investigated dose intensity in the adjuvant setting, and consequently, there is little evidence for a link between FDOS chemotherapy and outcomes. Nonetheless, the benefits of maintaining FDOS chemotherapy, as shown in trials in breast cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, may also hold true in CRC. Furthermore, several studies in metastatic CRC have found that greater survival can be achieved with dose-intensified chemotherapy. If FDOS chemotherapy is to become accepted in the treatment of CRC, end points other than overall survival may have to be assessed in metastatic disease and the concept will have to be investigated in the adjuvant setting. For now, the role of FDOS chemotherapy in CRC has not been adequately evaluated.
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PMID:Perspectives in the treatment of colorectal cancer. 1572 34

Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy is useful in diagnosing tumors with increased expression of somatostatin receptors. The correct use of this technique reveals the localization of neuroendocrine primary tumors and unknown metastases in approximately 90% of patients. However, somatostatin receptor scintigraphy also can image many other human tumors expressing somatostatin receptors, including malignant lymphomas and thymomas. The sensitivity of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy to image somatostatin receptor-positive tumors is very high, but due to the variable expression of specific receptor subtypes, the specificity can be relatively low. This drawback is crucial in evaluating lymphoproliferative diseases, or, in general, when immune cells are involved. The sensitivity of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy for Hodgkin's lymphoma is 95%-100%, whereas for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma it is around 80%. It has been shown that the uptake of [(111)In-DTPA(0)]octreotide in lymphomas is lower compared to the uptake in neuroendocrine tumors. This is mainly attributed to the low number of receptors on immune cells compared to neuroendocrine cells; however, ligand-induced internalization and differential receptor regulation may also participate in determining this phenomenon. Therefore, caution should be taken when interpreting data from some studies. Several new ligands are currently under study to improve these limits and the expression of other neuropeptide receptors is being investigated to provide a molecular basis for in vivo multireceptor targeting of tumors. With the use of currently available somatostatin analogs, somatostatin receptor scintigraphy does not seem to have a significant impact in patients with lymphomas for diagnostic purposes. There are a few exceptions, however. Among these, the staging and restaging of extragastric lymphoma MALT-type may present some advantages. Conversely, somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in the imaging of thymic malignancies could enhance both our diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy is diagnostically relevant in differentiating malignant from benign lesions, especially in those patients with associated paraneoplastic syndromes, and is the main criterion to select patients suitable for therapy with somatostatin analogs. Recent findings emerging from in vitro studies on somatostatin receptor physiology in immune cells will certainly reopen and expand the potential applications of somatostatin analogs for in vivo diagnostic and therapeutic options.
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PMID:Initial staging of lymphoma with octreotide and other receptor imaging agents. 1609 91

Between 1995 and 2004, 142 malignant bone tumours comprising 76 primary and 66 secondary tumours were identified in the Pathology Department of Al-Sabah Hospital, Kuwait. Pathological fracture was the presenting sign in 35% of the cases. The mean incidence of primary tumours/year was 3.3 cases/million inhabitants. The primary tumours showed a male predilection and 42% occurred below the age of 20 years. The most frequent in the descending order of frequency were Ewing's sarcoma, multiple myeloma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The femur was the most common site for secondary tumours; more than half of the tumours with metastases at this site originated in the breast. The high frequency of Ewing's sarcoma is noteworthy and requires further investigation.
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PMID:Malignant bone tumors in Kuwait: a 10-year clinicopathological study. 1620 Apr 21


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