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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The role of modern techniques of 99mTc methylene diphosphonate bone imaging in the management of lymphoma patients was assessed by comparing results of 107 bone scans in 16 patients with Hodgkin's disease, and 45 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma to simultaneous radiologic, clinical, and histopathologic features as well as to subsequent disease course. The sensitivity and specificity were both greater than or equal to 0.96 in both Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and the overall accuracy by site was 98%. The scan proved to be useful in the definition and follow-up of skeletal lymphomatous disease in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, and defined abnormalities which were not predicted by either serum alkaline phosphatase activity or the presence of bone marrow involvement. In no patient, however, did the bone scan result by itself alter either initial staging or estimates of extent of disease at the time of relapse. Bone scanning, therefore, cannot be recommended as a screening procedure in patients with lymphoma; rather, this test is best reserved for the definition and follow-up of skeletal metastases in patients with active, concomitant, extraosseous disease.
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PMID:Role of 99mTc methylene diphosphonate bone imaging in the management of lymphoma. 407 10

Second primary cancers were studied in persons with rare tumors between 1943 and 1980. The risk of developing a new cancer was evaluated in 7,211 persons with cutaneous melanoma, 1,784 persons with eye cancer, 10,273 persons with tumors of the brain and nervous system, 1,935 persons with thyroid cancer, 1,542 persons with bone tumors, and 2,318 persons with malignant neoplasms of the connective tissue. All cancer patients were diagnosed in Denmark between 1943 and 1980 and survived for 2 or more months. Nonmelanoma skin cancers were excluded from the analysis, whereas tumors of the brain and nervous system included both benign and malignant neoplasms. Overall, patients with these cancers showed no greater incidence of new tumors than expected from comparisons with the general population. An excess of chronic lymphocytic leukemia was observed subsequent to all cancers derived from the neural tube, i.e., melanoma and tumors of the eye, brain, and nervous system. Bone cancer occurred excessively, although the possibility of misclassified metastases could not be eliminated. Patients with tumors of the brain and nervous system who survived for 10 or more years developed significantly more cancers of the kidney and connective tissue and melanoma than anticipated. A deficit of second cancers of the digestive system was noted after primary bone and connective tissue cancers, in contrast to an excess of second cancers of the lung and kidney. Although based on few cases, patients with bone cancer showed a large excess of eye cancer as a second primary. The association between cancers of the breast and connective tissue was found to be bidirectional. Persons with connective tissue cancer were at increased risk of developing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Thyroid cancer patients were at high risk of subsequent tumors of the brain and nervous tissue and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, contrary to previous reports, the risk of breast cancer was not elevated following thyroid cancer.
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PMID:Second cancer following cutaneous melanoma and cancers of the brain, thyroid, connective tissue, bone, and eye in Denmark, 1943-80. 408 10

Cutaneous non-Hodgkin's lymphoma developed within a leg affected by chronic lymphoedema. The lymphoedema had followed radiotherapy to bony metastases from a carcinoma of the prostate. Eighteen months after the development of the cutaneous tumours, extracutaneous involvement by the lymphoma became apparent. This is the second report of a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma appearing within a lymphoedematous limb. The possible reasons for such an unusual localization are discussed. Our case report illustrates that cutaneous tumours other than lymphangiosarcomas may localize to a lymphoedematous limb and clinically simulate the Stewart-Treves syndrome.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the skin associated with chronic limb lymphoedema. 409 86

The tremendous progress that has been made in the chemotherapy of malignant diseases since the early 1950's has enabled the cure of a significant number of cancers such as chloriocarcinoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the acute leukaemias, testicular carcinoma, and many childhood cancers such as rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilm's tumor, Ewing's sarcoma, ovarian cancer, and retinoblastoma. As a result, the mortality from cancers has dropped by 15% for persons under the age of 45 years and even more for those under 30 years of age. Many other metastatic cancers can now be successfully controlled with chemotherapy and, ultimately, more will be added to the growing list of curable cancers. The chemotherapeutic agents responsible for the cures of some cancers include asparaginase, actinomycin D, Adriamycin, bleomycin, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, cytosine arabinoside, 5-fluorouracil, 6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate, nitrogen mustard, prednisone, procarbazine, and vincristine. The discovery of new effective drugs such as AMSA and anthracenedione promises to improve the success rates obtained with present therapy. Chemotherapy is indicated for every patient who has metastatic cancer, since virtually every patient can receive some palliation from such therapy, while for some patients chemotherapy holds the promise of prolongation of life or even cure.
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PMID:The curability of advanced cancers with chemotherapy. 627 28

A middle-aged woman was treated for breast carcinoma with postoperative adjuvant chest wall irradiation, followed four and seven years later with therapy to spinal ports for palliation of metastatic disease. For the next three and a half years, she received oral cyclophosphamide on a daily basis to a total of more than 110 g. Twelve years after diagnosis and five years after the start of chemotherapy, an aggressive, large cell lymphoma of the ileum developed, with poor response to conventional therapy. This may represent the first patient with breast carcinoma in whom a treatment-induced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has developed.
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PMID:Aggressive large cell lymphoma of the ileum after long-term cyclophosphamide therapy for breast carcinoma. 635 13

Intensive chemotherapy followed by infusion of cryopreserved autologous bone marrow (ABMR) was used in the treatment of 22 children with advanced tumours. In nine this was their initial therapy; in eight it was used after partial or complete remission had been achieved with standard therapy; and in five, after relapse had occurred. Recovery of marrow function occurred in 20 patients with a mean time of 13.2 and 18.2 days to recovery of neutrophils (greater than 0.5 X 10(9)/l) in newly diagnosed and previously treated patients respectively. Platelet count recovery to greater than 50 X 10(9)/l occurred in a mean time of 13.4 days in newly diagnosed and 20.4 days in previously treated patients. Control of extensive local tumour was obtained in three of three evaluable patients with abdominal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Metastatic bony and marrow disease was controlled in two of two patients with retinoblastoma. In Ewing's sarcoma, temporary control of widespread metastatic disease occurred in one patient. In the other, eradication of extensive local mass disease at the primary site had been achieved. Poor response to treatment has been seen in seven of eight patients with Stage III or IV rhabdomyosarcoma, three patients with neuroblastoma and four of five patients with recurrent disease. Apart from the anticipated bone marrow toxicity, the major complications were severe mucositis, anaphylaxis following bone marrow infusion and haemorrhagic cystitis. The presence of herpes simplex infection appeared to aggravate mucosal complication.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Experience with high dose multiagent chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow rescue in the treatment of twenty-two children with advanced tumours. 639 55

Lymphoid tumors of the conjunctiva and orbit are rare and remain localized in the majority of cases. Sometimes it is not possible either clinically or histologically to differentiate between a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and benign lymphoid hyperplasia. A series of 24 patients is reported. Nineteen were classified as having malignant NHL and 5 benign hyperplasia; 1 of these 5 later developed metastases, however. All patients had systemic work-up: 18 had Stage I, 1 had Stage II, and 5 had Stage IV disease. All patients received local radiation therapy with doses of 2400 to 2750 rad in 2-3 weeks for lesions of the eyelid and conjunctiva, and between 3000 and 3750 rad in 3-4 weeks for retrobulbar lesions. The lens was shielded in all patients except in 2 who had NHL of the vitreous body. A method of shielding the lens with a lead block mounted on a "low vac lens" is described, and the dose distribution within the eye and orbit is presented. The dose to the ocular lens is reduced to about 10% of the tumor dose with this technique. Patients who were treated with doses higher than 3000 rad experienced conjunctivitis and skin erythema that resolved completely. No other effects of radiation on normal structures of the ocular adnexa were observed in the 20 patients who are alive and without signs of tumor 10-46 months with a median follow-up time of 22 months.
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PMID:Radiation therapy of conjunctival and orbital lymphoid tumors. 643 Aug 46

Thirty-seven patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the stomach were treated with curative intent by several single and combined modality regimens. Twenty-two patients presented with stage IE and 15 with stage IIE disease. All but three patients underwent laparotomy. Of all diagnostic procedures used, x-ray of the upper gastrointestinal tract proved to be most helpful in diagnosing malignant lesions (87%). Gastric cytology was suspicious or diagnostic of malignancy in 35% of the patients. Twelve of 34 evaluable patients (35%) developed recurrence. Distant metastases (75%) was the most common mode of failure. The recurrence rates varied by the type of therapy and also the extent of initial disease. Four of 12 patients (33%) were salvaged with retreatment. The 5-year actuarial no evidence of disease survival for the entire group was 61% (stage IE-57%; stage IIE-67%). Patients receiving combined modality therapy had significantly (p = less than 0.05) higher survival than patients treated with single modality treatment. Three of 29 patients (10%) died of surgical complications after gastrectomy. Radiation treatment was well tolerated. Our data and a critical review of the literature do not support the reportedly high incidence of gastric perforation after radiation treatment. We recommend the use of adjuvant radiation for stage IE and adjuvant radiation plus chemotherapy for stage IIE gastric lymphoma.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the stomach. 665 Apr 67

An unusual case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with a progressive, necrotizing ulcer of the gingiva is reported. An establishment od diagnosis was difficult because of lack of malignancy in repeated biopsy specimens. Radiotherapy combined with administration of anti-tumor agents was effective in producing a rapid remission of the oral lesion, but multiple metastases appeared in the skin and the patient died 7 months after the onset of the initial symptoms. The tumor was regarded as being of gingival origin because of the absence of a primary focus in any other site of the body.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the gingiva. A case report. 680 25

Methotrexate (MTX) in high doses (3 to 7.5 g/m2) with leucovorin rescue (HDMTX-LCV) can be delivered on a weekly basis in a setting of proper pharmacologic monitoring. Myelosuppression occurs in 28 per cent of the patients and in 8 per cent of the courses and usually results from delayed MTX excretion secondary to mild reversible nephrotoxicity. The incidence of tumor regression was 50 per cent in head and neck cancer; 59 per cent in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; 40 per cent in small cell lung cancer; 24 to 50 per cent in breast cancer and 50 per cent in osteogenic carcinoma, for an over-all response rate of 39 per cent (70 of 178) in patients with disseminated cancer. HDMTX-LCV is not recommended for the conventional treatment of metastatic cancer because of the potential for toxicity and the fact that the response rates cited are probably not superior to those which can be achieved by conventional doses of MTX. However, the relative lack of myelosuppression and mucositis, when compared to conventional unrescued MTS, and the achievement of therapeutic concentrations of MTX in the central nervous system with the HDMTX-LCV program have led to its incorporation into clinical trials of combination chemotherapy.
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PMID:High dose methotrexate with leucovorin rescue. Rationale and spectrum of antitumor activity. 696 19


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