Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We used an indirect immunoperoxidase technique to detect alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in tissue sections of nine metastatic germ cell tumors excised after treatment with chemotherapy or radiation therapy, and correlated the results with the serum levels of AFP and HCG. In all but 1 case yolk sac tumor (YST) was the only histologic type that reacted for AFP (AFP+) and syncytiotrophoblasts (STB) were the only histologic type that reacted for HCG (HCG+). Among 5 cases with normalization of the serum AFP before surgery, 3 were associated with YST-/AFP-, 1 with YST+/AFP+, and 1 with YST+/AFP- metastases; and among 4 cases with normalization of the serum HCG all were associated with STB-/HCG- metastases. Among 3 cases with persistent elevation of the serum AFP, 1 was associated with YST+/AFP+, 1 with YST+/AFP-, and 1 with YST-/AFP- metastases; and of 2 cases with persistent elevation of the serum HCG, 1 was associated with STB-/HCG- and 1 with STB+/HCG+ metastases. These data suggest that marker normalization in the face of persistent tumor results primarily from eradication of YST and STB, but also from treatment-induced inhibition of AFP and HCG synthesis or secretion.
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PMID:Detection of AFP and HCG in metastatic testicular cancer after treatment with chemotherapy or radiation therapy. 246 5

A 67-year-old man presented with a pulmonary atypical carcinoid tumor with marked elevation of the serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level to 181,000 ng/ml and no hepatic metastases. Immunohistochemistry revealed AFP-positive fine granules, sparsely distributed in some cells. The proportion of the concanavalin A nonbinding subfraction was 33.7%. Light microscopy revealed hyaline globules within or outside the clear and reticular cytoplasm of a few cells. These were ultrastructurally electron-dense materials similar to the hyaline bodies observed in yolk sac tumors. The Grimelius silver method stained only a few cells and very few cells showed a positive Masson-Fontana reaction. Electron microscopy revealed secretory granules measuring 220 nm on the average in scattered cells. Immunohistochemical studies showed 5-hydroxytryptophan in many cells and 5-hydroxytriptamine or serotonin in only a few cells. As for polypeptide hormones, gastrin was detected and in autopsy specimens carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) immunoreactive cells were observed. Past case reports on the coexistence of carcinoid tumors and adenocarcinomas in the digestive tract suggest that the tumor cells in our case are also derived from primitive or stem cells of endodermal origin and expressed unusual differentiation in the course of treatment.
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PMID:Pulmonary atypical carcinoid tumor with marked alphafetoprotein production and features of an adenocarcinoma differentiation. 246 82

A case of a poorly differentiated ductal adenocarcinoma arising in the body and tail of the pancreas with diffuse intraabdominal metastases in an adult is reported. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level was markedly elevated in this patient, but fell transiently when a partial tumor response to combination chemotherapy was achieved. Both the occurrence of biochemical and anatomical responses, and the immunohistochemical finding of AFP in the tumor tissue clearly indicate that oncofetal protein is produced by the tumor cells. The patient survived 10.5 mo after the onset of symptoms.
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PMID:Alpha-fetoprotein-positive adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. 246 20

A 63 year old man, having right renal cell carcinoma which was found after initial symptoms of left supraclavicular tumor and gross hematuria, is presented. The points to note with this case are; (1) An unusual production of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), (2) Being discovered at a very advanced stage and that the disease progressed rapidly (at initial presentation the patient had lymph nodes metastases from the paraaorta, mediastinum to the left supraclavicular region. Later the patient had a recurrent tumor in the left supraclavicular area and multiple cutaneous metastases), (3) Various modalities of treatment were given (right nephrectomy, abdominal lymph nodes dissection, resection of the supraclavicular and mediastinal lymph nodes metastases, hyperthermia combined with irradiation for the recurrent tumor in the supraclavicular region and systemically adoptive immunotherapy with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes). During this treatment course, the drift of serum AFP showed a good correlation. The possibility of AFP as a tumor marker of renal cell carcinoma in selected cases was presented and the suitability of the treatments performed to this patient was discussed.
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PMID:[Stage IV renal cell carcinoma producing alpha-fetoprotein treated with multimodal treatment. A case report]. 247 Sep 47

The effect of combined treatment was studied in 97 patients with nonseminomatous testicular tumors with regional and distant metastases with regard to the blood serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein and chorionic gonadotropin. The disease stage was found closely correlating with the efficacy of the treatment and the level of tumor markers. Complete remission was observed in 84.2 per cent (16 out of 19) patients with normal marker levels and in 26.8 per cent (11 out of 41) of those in whom both markers levels were raised (p less than 0.05). A continuous follow-up revealed that increased marker levels were the evidence of tumor relapse or metastases in clinically silent patients.
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PMID:[The diagnostic and prognostic value of tumor markers in nonseminomatous stage-III to -IV testicular tumors]. 247 55

In a consecutive series of 395 patients with pathologically verified hepatocellular carcinoma, 20 patients (5%) had bone metastasis at initial presentation. Of these, 16 were men and four women ranging from 26 to 64 years of age (median, 50 years). The age, sex, hepatitis B surface antigen seropositivity, alpha-fetoprotein level, and frequency of associated cirrhosis were not statistically different from those in patients without initial bone metastasis. Initial presentation was usually the result of spinal lesion with neurologic compression, and chest wall or scalp mass. Metastasis most commonly involved spine and ribs, and occurred as osteolytic lesions or extrapleural mass. Computed tomography proved best for demonstrating an expansile soft tissue mass with bony destruction. Angiography showed hypervascular appearance over the destructive bone area. Treatment results were poor. The follow-up period ranged from 3 weeks to 14 months with a median survival of 5 months. The data suggested that hepatocellular carcinoma be ruled out in patients with osteolytic lesions.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as bone metastasis. 247 34

The serum catalytic concentration of alpha-L-fucosidase (AFU) was measured to evaluate its usefulness for the diagnosis of hepatocarcinoma (HPC). Fifty-one patients with hepatocarcinoma, 30 with hepatic metastases, 40 with hepatic cirrhosis, 22 with other hepatic diseases and 48 healthy individuals were evaluated. The values of serum AFU were significantly higher in all groups (p less than 0.001), than in the reference group; there were also significant differences between those with HPC and hepatic cirrhosis (p less than 0.01), and between HPC and other hepatic diseases (p less than 0.05). The highest effectiveness of the test was achieved with a catalytic concentration of serum AFU of 210 nKat/l, with a 37% sensitivity and a 91% specificity. When the AFU measurement was used concomitantly with that of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for the diagnosis of HPC, sensitivity increased to 72% when AFI or AFP were elevated, and specificity reached 99% when both were increased. We think that the measurement of serum AFU may be helpful for the diagnosis of hepatocarcinoma.
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PMID:[Value of the serum measurement of alpha-L-fucosidase in the diagnosis of hepatocarcinoma]. 247 45

Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP), a precursor of prothrombin, has been reported recently to be as good a marker, or even better, of hepatocellular carcinoma than alpha-fetoprotein (alpha-FP). The sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of the two markers have been compared in 98 southern African Blacks with hepatocellular carcinoma and in 120 Black controls with various diseases which might be mistaken clinically for this tumour: 32 with hepatic metastases, 33 with amoebic hepatic abscesses, and 55 with chronic hepatic parenchymal disease. DCP levels were measured using a chromogenic assay with Dispholidus typus venom and staphylocoagulase. The agreement between the two methods was excellent (r = 0.995). alpha-FP concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. DCP levels were raised in 66 of 98 patients (67.3%) and alpha-FP levels in 82 of 98 patients (83.7%) with hepatocellular carcinoma (P = 0.006). The specificity of DCP was also less than that of alpha-FP, although the difference just failed to reach statistical significance (P = 0.085). The predictive values of both a positive and a negative test for DCP were significantly less than those for alpha-FP (P = 0.047 and 0.048, respectively). When, in an attempt to eliminate false positive results, the diagnostic cut-off level for DCP was increased from 1.5 to 5.0 mu/ml and that of alpha-FP from 20 to 400 ng/ml, the differences between the two markers remained the same. If the two tests were used together, the number of false negative alpha-FP results was reduced from 16.3% to 7.1% and the number of equivocal alpha-FP results was reduced from 11.2% to 5.1%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:A comparison between des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin and alpha-fetoprotein as markers of hepatocellular carcinoma in southern African blacks. 248 5

A 19-year-old female had ascites, an enlarged liver, pelvic masses, and an alpha-fetoprotein level of 397,000 micrograms/L with a normal beta-human chorionic gonadotropin serum level. Abdominal exploration revealed a large solitary liver mass with bilateral ovarian masses, and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and wedge liver biopsy were performed. The tumor was composed of cords, nests, and pseudorosettes of polyhedral cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and nuclei with prominent nucleoli. The clinical, light microscopic, and immunocytochemical features indicate that the primary liver neoplasm and ovarian metastases were a purely epithelial hepatoblastoma. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of this type.
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PMID:Hepatoblastoma in an adult with metastasis to the ovaries. 254 18

A 54 year-old man, who had been operated for hepatocellular carcinoma 43 months before, complained of frequent cough. He had widening of mediastinal shadow on chest X-ray film and high level of alpha-fetoprotein (197 ng/ml). Under the diagnosis of metastasis to mediastinum of hepatocellular carcinoma, lymph node dissection was performed and disclosed large metastatic tumors in subcarinal, right tracheobronchial and left hilar lymph nodes. After operation, frequent cough disappeared and alpha-fetoprotein level fell to 38 ng/ml. Metastasis to the mediastinum without lung metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma was recognized only 2.6% in non-operated cases in annual of pathological autopsy cases in Japan 1980 and 4 case reports were found in literature with large metastatic mass shadow in mediastinum of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:[Mediastinal dissection of hepatocellular carcinoma with bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymph node metastasis]. 255 14


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