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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Five clonal cell lines were established from a spontaneous BALB/c mouse osteosarcoma, and characterized. Four of these lines showed some similarities in morphology, in vitro growth properties, production of collagenous and noncollagenous extracellular matrix proteins and osteogenic differentiation. The cells formed colonies with characteristic differences in size and morphology in soft agar, and osteogenic sarcomas and metastases in syngeneic mice after transplantation. Ultrastructurally, cells in the transplant tumours showed marked osteogenic features. There were no osteoclast-like cells. The fifth cell line had somewhat different characteristics. All five lines expressed infectious endogenous murine leukemia viruses. Increased c-myc protoon-cogene expression was found in one cell line and c-fos expression at different levels in all lines. There was only very low expression of c-Ha-ras and no expression of c-Ki-ras and c-sis. DNA analysis showed the presence of newly acquired proviral genomes integrated at different sites in the cellular DNA. The results show that distinct osteogenic neoplastic subclones can be obtained from a primary mouse osteosarcoma. Although the clones exhibited an appreciable morphological, functional, and molecular diversity they retained the basic pathogenic properties of the tumour from which they were derived.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of osteogenic cell lines from a spontaneous murine osteosarcoma. 324 85

One hundred and fifty-nine thoracotomies were performed in 122 patients with pulmonary metastases. The patients' ages ranged from 2 to 76 years, and 13 patients were younger than 18 years. The primary tumour was carcinoma in 83 cases, sarcoma in 29 cases and melanoma in 10 cases. The primary tumour in children was osteogenic sarcoma (6 patients), Ewing's sarcoma (2 patients) and Wilms' tumour (2 patients). With a minimum follow-up of 2 years, an actuarial 5-year survival rate of 38% was observed for carcinoma and 28% for sarcoma. Four of the children survived disease-free for 3 years or more after pulmonary metastasectomy. The primary tumour in these cases was osteogenic sarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma. A statistically significant difference in survival was found between the groups of carcinoma and sarcoma, but the prognosis for melanoma patients was markedly worse. In carcinoma patients the main prognostic factor was the duration of the disease-free interval. The actuarial postthoracotomy survival in patients with osteogenic sarcomas was 31% at 5 years, and 18% at 5 years in soft-tissue sarcomas. The size of the lesions, activity and disease-free interval correlated with survival in the osteogenic sarcoma group, and the number of lesions in the soft-tissue sarcoma group. An aggressive surgical approach towards pulmonary metastatic disease thus appears to be justified.
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PMID:Results and prognostic factors after resection of pulmonary metastases. 327 51

A unique case of central nervous system metastases of mixed malignant mesenchymoma in an 84-year-old man is described. The tumor exhibited an osteogenic appearance in the cerebral lesion and a primitive mesenchymal appearance in lesions of the brain stem and cerebellum. The primary site was apparently the chest wall, and there were also metastases to the lung and liver.
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PMID:Mixed malignant mesenchymoma metastatic to the central nervous system. 375 78

A prospective serial evaluation in 19 patients with soft-tissue and osteogenic sarcomas was performed to determine whether computerized tomography (CT) or conventional linear tomography (LT) detected pulmonary metastases earlier. Analysis of the metastatic nodules was performed radiographically with histologic confirmation by obtaining serial CTs and LTs followed by metastasectomy. Nodules were classified as stable, growing, or developing and by detection on CT and/or LT. CT was the first positive study in a significantly greater number of patients (13 CT, 1 LT; P less than .005), and CT detected the nodules earlier than LT (56 CT first v 7 LT first; P less than .0001). Ninety of 166 nodules resected were detected by CT, LT, or both (54%). The median size of metastatic nodules documented at surgical exploration and first detected by CT was significantly smaller than that first detected by LT (7.6 mm for CT v 13.2 mm for LT; P less than .05). Of 55 histologically documented metastases detected initially either by CT or LT, CT was markedly superior to LT with 50 (91%) first detected only by CT (P less than .001). These data reveal that CT detects more pulmonary metastases earlier than LT and that developing or growing nodules in patients with sarcomas are usually metastases. Decisions regarding metastasis resection in sarcoma patients, therefore, should be based primarily on CT findings.
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PMID:Detection of pulmonary metastases in patients with osteogenic and soft-tissue sarcomas: the superiority of CT scans compared with conventional linear tomograms using dynamic analysis. 386 75

Sixty-three osteogenic sarcomata of the limbs in patients aged between 10 and 20 years were treated by en bloc resection combined with chemotherapy. A review was made after an average follow-up of less than four years, which is too short a time to assess the carcinologic value of this type of treatment but sufficiently long to assess functional results and surgical technique. The resection was made through apparently normal tissues, thanks to meticulous pre-operative investigation and an appreciation of the extent of the tumour at operation. The tissues contaminated by a biopsy were removed. Three local recurrences were seen and in three other cases further extension in the operated limb was due to metastases. Reconstruction almost always utilised inert prosthetic implants often made during the pre-operative phase of chemotherapy. In cases of resection of the upper tibia an original procedure was developed to reconstruct the quadriceps using muscle-plasties. In 32 out of 39 knees, the immediate functional result was good. Only 10 still survived after two years, with nine good functional results. The authors conclude that en bloc resection is preferable to amputation in young patients both for those who will have a limited survival and those who will have long survival because of improvements in chemotherapy treatment. The risk of secondary loosening requires the use of more grafting procedures in reconstruction.
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PMID:[Conservative surgical treatment of osteogenic sarcoma of the limbs. Technics and functional results]. 391 13

The methotrexate concentrations in the lungs or cutaneous metastases of patients with osteogenic or soft-tissue sarcoma were determined at different times after a high-dose methotrexate therapy. The levels in the metastases were 0.964 to 2.96 X 10(-7) molar six to nine days after the end of MTX infusion. They were thus 7.8 to 28 times higher than the corresponding serum levels. At the same time, an appreciable rise of dihydrofolate reductase activity was observed in the metastases. After chromatographic separation over Sephadex G15, MTX polyglutamates could be demonstrated in all tumor samples investigated so far; these amounted up to 68.3% of the total MTX. Taking into account the slower efflux of MTX polyglutamates compared to unchanged MTX, a new hypothesis for the principle of action of high-dose methotrexate therapy is discussed: the very high MTX doses lead to such high intracellular MTX concentrations even in transport-resistant tumor cells that at least part of the MTX is converted into MTX polyglutamates. Unchanged MTX flows relatively rapidly out of the cells, whereas the MTX polyglutamates only break down very slowly and thus can be cytostatically effective over a long period of time.
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PMID:Methotrexate and methotrexate polyglutamates in human sarcoma metastases after high-dose methotrexate therapy. 619 16

Almost all malignant bone tumors in children are either osteogenic sarcomas or Ewing's sarcomas. Their origin and their site are different as well as the course of the disease and its treatment. Amputation or desarticulation in still the best local treatment for osteogenic sarcoma. Irradiation can benefit some patients. Conservative resection, followed by internal prosthesis, is still an experimental procedure. Results of chemotherapy combining high-dose methotrexate and adriamycin have been controversial. Prophylactic pulmonary irradiation seems to lessen the number of metastases. Controlled therapeutic trials are mandatory to assess the efficacy of these complementary treatments. Local cure is obtained in 90% of Ewing's sarcomas by high doses of radiotherapy but with a number of late sequellae. This tumor is also highly chemosensitive. Treatment of the infra-clinical disease by intensive chemotherapy has significantly increased the number of long-term cures. Other therapeutic regimens combining chemotherapy, radiotherapy and limited conservative surgery are now under investigation in an effort to diminish the sequellae without decreasing the number of cures.
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PMID:[Malignant bone tumors in children (author's transl)]. 627 17

Twenty-nine patients with osteogenic osteosarcoma of a limb underwent both pulmonary radiotherapy and chemotherapy immediately after treatment of the primary tumor, mainly by radical surgery or radiotherapy (80 grays/tumor). Chemotherapy consisted of alternate A and B cycles every four weeks and BCG scarifications between cycles. Cycle A combines vincristine, ameticine, methotrexate and folinic acid; cycle B consists of adriamycin, vincristine, imidazole carboxamide and cyclophosphamide. A 20 gray irradiation was delivered to the thorax between the first A and B cycles. 50% of patients had no local recurrence or metastases after three years. 70% are alive at three years. Toxicity of this protocol is mainly hematologic and bronchopulmonary (with one fatal infection). Alopecia and minor digestive toxicity were recorded in all patients. Severe cardiotoxicity was seen in only one case. Longer follow-up is needed to evaluate long-term toxicity, particularly bronchopulmonary side-effects.
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PMID:[Adjuvant therapy of osteogenic osteosarcomas of the limb: results of the SO4 78 trial]. 629 Nov 57

Developments in hybridoma technology leading to the production of monoclonal antibodies recognizing tumor-associated antigens are providing new approaches for the radioimmunodetection of, and drug targeting to, metastases. These developments are illustrated in a series of studies on the in vivo localization of an antihuman-osteogenic sarcoma monoclonal antibody (791T/36) in human tumor xenografts maintained in immunodeprived mice. 131I-labelled 791T/36 antibody localized specifically in osteogenic sarcomas but not in xenografts of other tumors, such as bladder carcinoma T24, which do not express the antigen identified by this antibody. Developing from these studies, various parameters influencing antibody localization in tumors were examined including the kinetics of antibody uptake, the relationship between tumor size and antibody binding, and the site of antibody deposition. This provides a basis for considering the potential of antitumor monoclonal antibodies for targeting antitumor agents. Of particular importance here is the observation that antibody is principally located at the periphery of tumors since this will influence the population of cells within a tumor which can be attacked by antibody-drug or antibody-toxin conjugates. Experiments with human tumor xenografts demonstrate tumor localization of radioisotope-labelled 791T/36 monoclonal antibody. Tumor localization by external gamma camera imaging of osteogenic sarcoma xenograft-bearing mice was also demonstrated. These studies illustrate the potential of antitumor monoclonal antibodies for imaging primary and metastatic tumors. This approach is further emphasized by the radioimmunodetection of primary and metastatic colorectal carcinomas.
Cancer Metastasis Rev 1983
PMID:Antitumor monoclonal antibodies for radioimmunodetection of tumors and drug targeting. 635 9

The efficacy of monoclonal antibody therapy depends in part on the expression of the relevant tumor-associated antigens by both primary tumors and their metastases. Antigen expression by paired primary and autologous metastases from surgically excised osteogenic and soft-tissue sarcomas from 15 patients was studied using a panel of murine hybridoma monoclonal antibodies and indirect immunoperoxidase staining of formalin-fixed tissue sections. The panel included three antibodies (B3619, 17-9H3, OST6) recognizing sarcoma-associated antigens and an antibody recognizing an HLA-DR framework determinant (OKla1). In most cases, antibody binding to both primary and metastatic tumors was observed. However, marked heterogeneity of binding intensity between primary and metastatic tumors and of cells expressing antigens within tumors was noted. This occurred even though primary and metastatic tumors demonstrated homogeneous histology and cellular morphology. Differences were noted among patients as well as among metastases taken from an individual. A significant number of both primary and metastatic tumors contained cells that did not bind a particular antibody even in the presence of other cells that demonstrated significant antibody binding. Thus, strategies for single monoclonal antibody therapy may be limited by heterogeneity of intertumor and intratumor antigenic expression.
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PMID:Analysis of antigenic expression by primary and autologous metastatic human sarcomas using murine monoclonal antibodies. 638 49


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