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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The human ABO (H) blood group antigens are genetically determined carbohydrate structures found in different cells and tissues. The modulation in their expression in the course of human onto- and oncogenesis gives grounds for speculations concerning the role of ABO (H) antigens as molecules, participating in cell interactions, adhesion and inhibition events, as well as in tumor metastases. The deletion of antigenic determinants observed in a number of human carcinomas, and the epitope homology between the blood group antigens and the carcinoembryonic antigen, focuses on clarifying the diagnostic and prognostic value of the ABO (H) antigens as tumor-associated markers.
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PMID:[The immunobiological functions of human ABO (H)-system blood-group antigens]. 780 15

There are presently three classifications of metastatic gestational trophoblastic tumors (MGTM). The first is that of low-risk and high-risk neoplasia devised by Hammond, now designated the National Cancer Institute classification. The second is that of FIGO that attempts to conform to the staging of other gynecologic malignancies by that organization. The third is a scoring system adopted by World Health Organization (WHO) from the original devised by Bagshawe. This scoring system is finding the widest acceptance and is increasingly being used for treatment planning. However, different investigators not only define risk groups differently from the WHO recommendation, but also modify the WHO scoring system in novel, individualistic ways that changes the total score and outcome assessment. This results in patients with the same risk factors being placed in different WHO risk groups. Comparison of therapy between center is then invalidated. Furthermore, it would appear preferable that the WHO scoring system is restricted to metastatic neoplasia. To achieve a uniform scoring system for MGTN there needs to be consensus (i) whether lung metastases should be detected by chest X ray or CAT scan; (ii) whether the size of metastases should be measured clinically or radiologically (including ultrasound, CAT scan, and MRI); (iii) are multiple lung or brain metastases counted by CAT scan or MRI; (iv) are ABO blood groups to be included so that the number of points is uniform for different centers; and (v) that idiosyncratic and individual categories are not added or omitted from the score.
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PMID:The trophoblastic Tower of Babel: classification systems for metastatic gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. 789 99

The parallel expression of ABH blood-group antigens and of the carcinoembryonic antigen was examined applying the biotin-streptavidin immunostaining system. Monoclonal antibodies to the ABH antigens newly produced by us and a polyclonal antibody to the carcinoembryonic antigen (Ortho) were used as primary antibodies. Human tumours derived from six different organs were studied. ABH antigens showed a heterogeneous expression. They were entirely missing in some neoplastic tissues and found in single or in clustered tumour cells in others. The staining for the carcinoembryonic antigen revealed stronger intensity and covered large malignant areas. The possible functions of ABH blood-group antigens as tumour-associated structures are discussed. A number of tumour-associated antigens have been identified which may serve to improve the early diagnostics of tumour processes in man. Recently, the blood-group antigens (BGA) from the ABO/H system have attracted the attention of many investigators who regard them as differentiation antigens and as tumour-associated structures. Oncogenesis is accompanied by a block in BGA biosynthesis as a result of an altered ontogenetical programme. This process leads to: a) deletion of BGA-structures in malignant cells; b) neoantigen expression (onco-developmental markers) and c) appearance of BGA-incompatible antigens. The aim of the present investigation is to examine the coexpression of A, B and H BGA and of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in malignant human tissues. Using the monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to ABH-BGA newly produced in our laboratory, some insufficiently explored organs like the mammary gland and especially its metastases were also tested.
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PMID:Expression of A, B and H blood-group antigens and carcinoembryonic antigen in human tumours. 813 Jan 67

Red blood cells from patients with sickle cell disease will sickle under conditions of hypoxemia and acidosis which is a similar milieu found in malignant tumors. While control of tumor angiogenesis has long been a goal of cancer therapy, selective occlusion of tumor blood supply may be achieved by transfusion of sickle cells into patients who suffer metastatic cancer. Although this potential therapy has not been previously reported in the medical literature, the concept may have been elusive to medical mainstream thinking because it requires transfusion of diseased cells. For this therapy to be effective, other environmental factors may need to be manipulated such inducing mild hypoxemia or hypercarbia (respiratory acidosis) to induce red cell sickling. Preliminary evidence supportive of this therapeutic approach to cancer treatment is provided by case evidence that sickle cell occlusion of a malignant brain tumor (glioma) produced tumor necrosis. Also sickle cells have been successfully transfused into primates. Furthermore, donor blood is crossmatched and transfused into patients suffering from sickle cell disease regularly in clinics and this procedure is associated with acceptable morbidity. Most importantly, animal models of sickle cell disease and cancer currently exist, and this theory could be tried with available technologies including ultrasound detection of vaso-occlusion. While the proposed therapy may not cure metastatic cancer, this treatment could prove useful for decreasing the size and perhaps the pain from metastatic tumor burden. Therefore, it is hypothesized that ABO Rh compatible crossmatched sickle cells transfused into patients who suffer metastatic cancer under controlled conditions of blood oxygenation and pH will selectively produce vaso-occlusive infarcts in malignant tumors and be a useful therapy. The author hopes for further investigations.
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PMID:Transfusion of sickle cells may be a therapeutic option for patients suffering metastatic disease. 2044 56

Cancer development is associated with the improper glycosylation of proteins. There are alterations in the synthesis and expression of sugar structures. These changes can be important not only in the early stages of tumour development, but also in the next stages connected with cancer invasiveness and its ability to form metastases. Oligosaccharide structures of glycans in tumours deviate from normal cells. Relatively increased degrees of branching and sialylation of N-glycans, enhanced presentation of short-chain mucin-type O-glycans with sialylation, and alterations in the expression of blood group ABO and Lewis epitopes can be observed. The main aim of our study was to assess changes in the glycosylation of proteins in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. This study was performed on tissues taken from 15 patients. The relative amounts of sugar structures of proteins with molecular mass above 30 kDa in tumour (cancer tissue), intermediate zone i.e. tumour-adjacent tissue, and normal tissue uninvolved by tumour, were determined by ELISA-like test with biotinylated lectins highly specific to examined sugar antigens. A higher expression of all examined structures was revealed in cancer tissue. Increased levels of sialic acid, fucose, T and Tn antigens, compared to healthy renal tissue, were characteristic for clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Glycosylation of proteins in healthy and pathological human renal tissues. 2326 25

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the association between A, B, O, Rhesus (Rh)-positive and Rh-negative blood groups and breast cancer in a nationwide cohort of 3,944 patients in Turkey. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective study included 3,944 patients diagnosed with breast cancer between 2004 and 2015 and with known blood type. Clinical and demographic patient data included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), menopausal status. The breast tumor type, size, grade, TNM stage, and the presence of lymph node and distant metastases were noted. Histopathology of the breast tumors had included routine detection of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and estrogen receptor (ER) levels. RESULTS The 3,944 patients with breast cancer were blood group, type A, B, O, and Rh-positive or Rh-negative; the median age was 47.9 years (range, 18.2-89.6 years); 99.5% (3923/3,844) were women, and 0.5% (21/3944) were men. Patients with blood type 0 had a significantly smaller tumor size compared with patients with blood types A or B. There were no significant differences between blood groups and patient age, BMI, menopausal status, tumor histology, ER status, HER2 status, lymph node and distant metastasis. However, there was a significant difference in the prevalence of lobular breast cancer, levels of ER-positive tumor cells, and prevalence of cases with tumor metastases in Rh-positive patients compared with Rh-negative patients. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this retrospective study showed that the type, grade, stage, and hormonal status of breast cancer showed no significant associations with ABO blood grouping.
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PMID:Clinical Associations with ABO Blood Group and Rhesus Blood Group Status in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Nationwide Retrospective Study of 3,944 Breast Cancer Patients in Turkey. 2998 Dec 82


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