Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

LDH isozymes were assayed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 6 long-term transplantable skin tumours in Syrian hamsters. The percentages of the M-subunits were as follows: in a slow growing fibrosarcoma with abortive differentiation and producing lung metastases -- 63.3; in two well differentiated squamous cell carcinomas with moderate growth -- 79.8 and 74.9; in a slow growing and metastasizing melanotic melanoma -- 67.7; in undifferentiated amelanotic and depigmented melanomas with very fat growth -- 72.8 and 77.4. Therefore no consistent relationship has emerged between histogenesis, growth rate, differentiation and metastases of the studied neoplasms from one side and their LDH isozyme pattern -- on the other.
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PMID:LDH isozymes in transplantable hamster tumours with different histogenesis and differentiation. 727 28

Sixteen patients with metastatic disease to the liver (12 colorectal and four unknown primary tumors) were treated in a pilot study of hepatic irradiation (2500-3000 rads in 10-12 fractions) delivered concomitantly with continuous short-term intraarterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil (1 g/d) or FUDR (0.5 mg/kg/d) via a percutaneously placed hepatic artery catheter. Abnormal liver function tests, including SGOT, LDH, and alkaline phosphatase, decreased in all patients by day 7-10 of treatment, and other metabolic factors, including serum cholesterol, calcium, albumin, phosphorous, and uric acid, also decreased, often to subnormal levels by termination of treatment (day 15-20). These chemical alterations did not correlate with tumor response in that the identical pattern was observed in responders (ten patients) as well as nonresponders (six patients). Objective determinants of response were assessed by serial monitoring of the plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and liver scan. In 14 patients with elevated CEA levels, tumor response (nine patients), nonresponse (four patients), and relapse (five patients) was predicted and confirmed by sequential monitoring of CEA. In one patient, a paradoxical decrease in plasma CEA was associated with progressive disease. The liver scan identified all responding patients but was difficult to quantitate and was delayed for months following subjective clinical response and changes in plasma CEA levels.
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PMID:Concomitant hepatic radiation and intraarterial fluorinated pyrimidine therapy: correlation of liver scan, liver function tests, and plasma CEA with tumor response. 730 16

Small cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare disease, since only about 50 cases in the English literature and two cases in Japanese literature have been reported. Here we report a case that is the youngest ever described in the literature. A 24-year-old man was referred to our hospital with right dull lumbago and dysuria. He had the same symptom for one and half year before referral. IVP showed right non-visualizing kidney and left hydronephrosis. Form abdominal CT scans and cystoscopic findings a retrovesical tumor was highly suspicious. Transperineal needle biopsy specimens revealed an undifferentiated malignant tumor. His serum Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) and LDH were remarkably high and whole body CT scan and upper GI tract examination demonstrated no lesion. He developed ileus and underwent exploratory laparotomy and colostomy was constructed. There was a large mass arising from the prostate which invaded into the peritoneal cavity, and multiple metastases were seen on the omentum and mesenteric lymph nodes. Specimens from the mass arising from the prostate and lymph nodes revealed small cell carcinoma pathologically. A panel of antibodies were used to seek potential tumor markers and to identify substances produced by the tumor cells including enzymes, cytoskeletal components and hormones. And stains were positive for the NSE and chronogranin. An intensive anti-cancer chemotherapy with VP-16 and CDDP was done with minor response (MR) and the serum tumor marker, LDH and NSE, decreased markedly. However, he had expired on the 58th hospital day.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Small cell carcinoma of the prostate]. 806 70

A case of testicular tumor occurring after orchiopexy is presented. The patient, a 21-year-old male, who had undergone bilateral orchiopexy 14 years before was admitted to our clinic on February 17 in 1992 because of left testicular tumor. Computed tomography showed left inguinal and paraaortic lymphnode metastases. Left high orchiectomy was performed. The tumor was histologically diagnosed to be mixed tumors of embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor and choriocarcinoma. After two courses of chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, etoposide and bleomycin (PEB regimen), LDH and tumor markers (HCG, HCG-beta) returned to the normal range. The size of retroperitoneal metastasis was significantly reduced and inguinal metastasis disappeared. Therefore retroperitoneal and left inguinal lymphadenectomy were performed. Pathological examination of the resected retroperitoneal and left inguinal lymphnodes revealed embryonal carcinoma and no residual tumor cells, respectively. Additionally, two courses of chemotherapy were performed after surgery. His postoperative course was uneventful and ten months of follow-up showed no evidence of recurrence.
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PMID:[Testicular tumor following orchiopexy. A case report]. 810 90

This review considers the prognostic factors recently distinguished in malignant lymphomas. Whatever the histological type, clinical and biological factors have a major role in defining the forms having poor prognosis. These prognostic factors are essentially linked to the tumoral mass (stage, number of metastases, and LDH and beta-2-microglobulin levels). Age is also an important factor. When treatment of lymphoma is considered, whatever the histological type, the presence or absence of these prognostic factors must be taken into account in choosing treatment.
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PMID:[Prognostic factors in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Therapeutic implications]. 830 80

We have developed a liver metastatic model of human colon cancer using severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Liver metastases were observed in all the SCID mice on day 28 after intrasplenic injection with 5 x 10(6) dissociated tumor cells of COL-2-JCK, a human colon cancer strain serially transplanted in nude mice. When this model was applied for chemotherapeutic experiments, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) demonstrated significant antitumor effects in preventing liver metastases, whereas the efficacy of 5-FU was limited in the currently used sc-ip chemosensitivity assay in nude mice. When the human LDH-5 isozyme was evaluated in the homogenized metastatic liver tissue of SCID mice, a good correlation was obtained between the liver tumor weights and LDH-5 isozyme, suggesting that it could be a promising quantitative indicator for metastases. This model would be useful for further studies on the treatment of liver metastases of colon cancer.
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PMID:Experimental cancer chemotherapy using a liver metastatic model of human colon cancer transplanted into the spleen of severe combined immunodeficient mice. 846 78

Retrospective analysis of 135 patients who presented with liver metastases at the NCI-Free Cancer Clinic and the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi is presented. The mean age was 55 years and there was no significant sexual predilection. Commonly observed primary sites were gall bladder (13%), pancreas (11%), breast (10%), colorectum (8%) and lung (8%). In 41 cases (30%), primary location remained undetermined. Most common histologic type was adenocarcinoma in both sexes. Majority (83%) had multiple metastases. Amongst those with solitary metastatis, 78% had right lobe involvement. Almost half of the patients presented with constitutional symptoms alone, while 31% had signs and symptoms related to hepatic involvement. Overall, the most commonly deranged laboratory tests were LDH (93%), albumin (84%), gamma glutamyl transferase (78%) and alkaline phosphatase (76%). Chemotherapy was offered to most cases. Majority of patients expired, mostly due to hepatic failure. Median survival was 30 days and was shorter in those who presented with multiple metastases. These findings are compatible with previous reports and may assist in the management of these patients.
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PMID:Clinico-pathological features and survival of patients presenting with hepatic metastases: a retrospective analysis. 896 97

Hypertension and norepinephrine hypersecretion in a 59-year-old woman suffering from malignant pheochromocytoma with multiple metastases were appropriately controlled with alpha- and beta- blockers, and alpha-methyltyrosine (alpha-MT), a catecholamine-synthesis inhibitor. Metastasized vertebrae were treated with external radiation to relieve pain, but this treatment had to be interrupted at a total dose of 20 Gy because the patient suffered acutely exacerbated hypertension (200/110 mmHg), tachycardia (160 beats/min) and a low-grade fever. Simultaneously her serum levels of LDH, potassium, urea nitrogen, creatinine, white blood cell count, CRP and norepinephrine were significantly increased, suggesting that this episode was due to radiation-induced tissue destruction and the leakage of catecholamines and possibly interleukin-6, a cytokine mediating inflammation which is reportedly present in pheochromocytoma. The marked hypertension was controlled by continuous i.v. administration of phentolamine and propranolol. Although radiation therapy effectively relieves pain due to neoplasmic metastasis to the bone, physicians should be aware that life-threatening complications such as the above occur in malignant pheochromocytoma. Sufficient pretreatment with adrenergic blocking agents and/or alpha-MT and careful monitoring of the patient's general condition during radiation therapy, even at a low dose, are highly recommended.
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PMID:Acutely exacerbated hypertension and increased inflammatory signs due to radiation treatment for metastatic pheochromocytoma. 898 Aug 90

Patients with SCLC should have a complete history and physical examination with particular attention paid to symptoms and signs of extensive disease and paraneoplastic syndromes. Hematology and biochemistry should be obtained at the initial assessment. A chest radiograph will usually have been performed prior to diagnosis. Further imaging should then be done to determine if the patient has limited or extensive disease. In the nonprotocol setting, extensive radiologic investigations are not required once a site of metastatic disease has been identified. If symptoms or signs are present to indicate a site of extensive disease, then this should direct the next test. In the absence of any specific findings then either bone scan or abdominal imaging with either US or CT scanning may be done based on the roughly equal likelihood of metastatic disease in liver or bone. Because a bone scan is less expensive, it is often the next test selected. If the bone scan is negative, abdominal imaging should then be performed, followed by brain CT scan. If these investigations are negative, the next study should be a thoracic CT scan. Bone marrow examination is probably unnecessary in the nonprotocol setting unless serum LDH levels are elevated. In the setting of a clinical trial, complete staging should be done and even more precise staging using the TNM system should be considered based on the improved survival of patients with proven stage I disease. Using more precise staging will allow accurate comparisons of clinical trials and eliminate or minimize the question of patient selection. Surgical staging with mediastinoscopy may come to have a role in accurately determining stage I or II disease.
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PMID:Staging of the patient with small cell lung cancer. 900 57

In a retrospective study, data from 302 patients with metastatic testicular seminoma treated with chemotherapy between 1978 and 1990 in 10 European centres were analysed to evaluate the role, if any, of postchemotherapy treatment with irradiation. The primary endpoint of this study was the progression-free survival rate after chemotherapy with or without additional radiotherapy. This was related to the type of primary chemotherapy, sites and sizes of pre- and postchemotherapy masses, the extent of surgical resection after chemotherapy and the use of radiotherapy. 174 patients had residual disease at the end of chemotherapy. The most important prognostic factors for progression were the presence of any visceral metastases or raised LDH prechemotherapy, and the presence of residual disease at visceral sites after chemotherapy. Approximately half the patients with residual masses underwent postchemotherapy radiotherapy, with selection based predominantly on institutional practice. In patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy, no significant difference was detected in progression-free survival whether or not radiotherapy was employed. Patients receiving BEP (bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin) had a progression-free survival rate of 88% (95% CI, 80-96%) uninfluenced by postchemotherapy radiotherapy. In patients with residual masses confined to the abdomen after platinum-based chemotherapy, the absolute benefit to radiotherapy was estimated to be 2.3%. The potential benefit of postchemotherapy radiotherapy is minimal, and so it is concluded that the use of adjuvant radiotherapy to residual masses after platinum-based chemotherapy for metastatic seminoma is unnecessary.
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PMID:Radiotherapy after chemotherapy for metastatic seminoma--a diminishing role. MRC Testicular Tumour Working Party. 929 1


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