Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum lactate dehydrogenase (S-LDH) was raised in 41 of 82 patients with testicular germ cell tumors, none of three with subclinical testicular tumors, and 10 of 341 without testicular germ cell tumors, 215 of whom had a previous history of tumor. 13 of 38 with testicular germ cell tumors, none of three with subclinical testicular germ cell tumors, and seven of 341 without tumor lesions had raised levels of isoenzyme S-LDH-1. 46 of 52 had concordant changes in S-LDH and total tumor volume whereas in six this relationship was not noted. Concordant changes in S-LDH-1 and total tumor volume were found in most cases. Higher S-LDH and S-LDH-1 levels were noted in the blood from the testicular vein on the side of the tumor at orchiectomy than in peripheral blood. The S-LDH activity predicted survival in a multivariate analysis of risk factors in 39 patients with stage 3 metastases from testicular germ cell tumors. 70-75% of 37 with tumor lesions had concordantly raised or normal S-LDH and serum concentrations of alphafetoprotein (S-AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (S-hCG); 25-30% had discordant levels. The diagnostic specificity of S-LDH and S-LDH-1 with regard to tumors in 252 with a history of testicular germ cell tumors was 68%, the diagnostic sensitivity 90%, the nosographic specificity 97%, the nosographic sensitivity 41% for S-LDH and 35% for S-LDH-1, and the effectiveness of the tests 88% for S-LDH and 90% for S-LDH-1. Tumor tissue from a testicular germ cell tumor transplanted into athymic mice had a high activity of LDH-1. There was a good correlation between S-LDH-1 and tumor volume. S-LDH may be used as a tumor marker in patients with testicular germ cell tumors in addition to other diagnostic tests. In patients with a history of testicular germ cell tumors and an unexplained elevation of S-LDH, raised S-LDH-1 may indicate the presence, and normal S-LDH-1 the absence, of testicular germ cell tumors.
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PMID:Lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in testicular germ cell tumors: an overview. 619 55

Among 2175 patients seen over the last three years in a non-specialized department of internal medicine with no intensive care unit, 100 had supranormal serum lactic dehydrogenase activities. These patients' case-reports have been analyzed. Nearly half the patients (47/100) had a malignant disease (cancer or hemopathy). Among the remaining patients, 19 had a hepatic disorder (alcohol hepatitis in 10, viral hepatitis in 8, and isoniazide hepatitis in 1), 7 had a heart disease (heart failure with hepatomegaly in 5, myocardial infarction in 2), and 27 had various other conditions (including hemolysis in 6 and polymyositis en 3). The value of serum LDH assay is obvious in situations other than acute conditions such as myocardial infarction of pulmonary embolism; these are better known and have not been studied here as their prevalence was low among the patients enlisted in our study. In comparison to other enzymes (alkaline phosphatase (AP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), transaminases (GOT, GPT) that were also routinely assayed in our patients, abnormal serum LDH activities are much less common and their significance is quite different. An increase in serum and their significance is quite different. An increase in serum LDH activity indicates a serious condition, often with a fatal outcome. The "various other conditions" group includes patients with hemolysis, hepatitis and myositis; the other patients in this group either had severe infectious diseases or died suddenly in the first few days of their hospitalization before diagnosis had been established. Each etiologic group has been analyzed to asses the characteristics of patients with increased LDH activity according to each etiology. Analysis of coincident abnormalities of the other enzymes listed above shows marked differences between etiologic groups; diagnostic accuracy can thus be enhanced in certain conditions. Most patients with malignancies had poorly differentiated tumors, with metastases: 28 had an epithelial tumor, with hepatic and/or bone metastases in 23 cases, 5 had cancer of the liver, 10 had a malignant hemopathy (2 lymphomas, 5 myeloproliferative syndromes, 3 acute leukemias), and 4 had a sarcoma. Cancer of the lung is the most common malignancy (10 cases) and may be responsible for increased serum LDH activity even in patients without metastases. Serum LDH assay is of value for monitoring the course in patients with initially increased activities as it falls under effective therapy and rises during exacerbations.
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PMID:[Value and diagnostic significance of serum lactic dehydrogenase in internal medicine (author's transl)]. 628 24

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a common tumor of childhood, presenting "unique" characteristics: i.e., different prognosis in relation to age, high rate of metastases at diagnosis, capacity of spontaneous regression, strong immunogenicity. The embryologic derivation of NB has been recently clarified: NB derives from the embrional sympathetic nervous tissue; its enzymatic activity is determined mainly by environmental factors. A number of clinical and laboratory aspects influence the fate of children with NB: extention of disease and age are the most important, followed by site of primary, histology, pattern of metastatic spread, immunologic characteristics. Among laboratory tests, many are correlated with the clinical course: urinary excretion of sympathetic amines, serum levels of ferritin, C3 complement fraction, LDH, IgM, neurono-specific enolase. In the recent years the development of monoclonal antibodies techniques has greatly improved. In NB, a number of membrane molecule determinants have been discovered, against which specific monoclonal antibodies can be profitably directed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. NB cells grow in vitro in the soft agar system; in this assay resistance and sensitivity of tumor cells can be tested with sufficient accuracy and may predict drug effect in vivo. Therapy of disseminated neuroblastoma is unsatisfactory till now. Promising techniques include autologous or allogeneic bone marrow infusion following supralethal chemotherapy, and administration of substances, such as retnoids, able to promote neuroblastoma cells differentiation in vivo.
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PMID:[Neuroblastoma]. 639 28

A pretherapeutical multi-step-check method of the diagnosis of malignancy is suggested as a basis of an individual therapy of tumours. It must comprise clinical tumour diagnosis (staging)--the tumour localizations, size and spreading of metastases--histopathological and histochemical grading of malignancy, and histological classification. Results of these diagnostic methods of 186 squamous-cell carcinomas of the head and neck were related to the survival rate. Histochemical LDH and G6PDH reactions and histopathological grading (G 1-group and G 3-group) are important criteria for prognosis.
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PMID:[Multifactorial malignancy analysis--modern knowledge in the practical diagnosis of head and neck tumors]. 649 60

Seventy one patients with renal tumors treated at our clinic during the 11 years from 1970 to 1980 were clinically examined. The results are summarized as follows. The frequency of patients with renal tumors was 0.22% of the outpatients and 1.72% of the inpatients. Of the 71 renal tumors, 41 were renal adenocarcinoma, and 26 were renal pelvic tumors of which 23 were transitional cell tumors, 2 were squamous cell tumors, and 1 was adenocarcinoma. The other tumors were 1 adenoma, 1 hemangioma, 1 hematoma, and 1 foreign body granuloma. The right and left kidneys were affected at equal frequencies. Male patients were more commonly affected, the sex ratio being 39 to 32. The youngest case was a 29-year-old female, and the eldest was a 84-year-old male. As the initial symptoms and chief complaints, gross hematuria was most frequent (52 cases, 73.2%), followed abdominal tumor mass (32 cases, 45.1%), and fever (26 cases, 36.6%). Only 2 cases showed the classic triad, while 1 case had none of them. The period between onset of symptoms and admission, was within 1 year for all patients except for 2 cases. Metastasis was found in 52 cases. The lung was the most frequent site of metastasis (12 cases, 23.1%), followed by lymphnodes, bones, and liver. The clinical examinations performed and diagnostic techniques used were, renal function (BUN, Serum Cr), Hb, WBC, liver function (T. Bil, GOT, GPT), serum protein fraction, serum LDH, serum Ca, ESR, tumor marker (AFP, CEA), urine cytological examination, blood pressure, IVP (or RP), angiography. As the therapeutic method, nephrectomy was performed in 25 cases (35.2%), combined nephrectomy and irradiation therapy in 12 cases (16.9%), combined nephrectomy and chemotherapy in 11 cases (15.5%), combined nephrectomy and other therapy in 15 cases (21.1%), and conservative therapy in 8 cases (11.3%). For the entire traced series of renal tumors, the 1-, 3-and 5-year survival rates were 72.3, 49.8, and 49.8% respectively. For renal parenchymal tumors (renal adenocarcinoma), the 1-, 3-and 5-year survival rates were 77.8, 53.0, and 53.0%. The most important factor of prognosis was the stage of tumor. Patients with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and dysproteinemia also had distinctly unfavorable prognosis. In this study of therapy, the highest survival rate was seen for the patients treated by combined nephrectomy and irradiation therapy of both renal parenchymal and pelvic tumors.
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PMID:[A clinical study of renal tumors]. 668

The histories of 121 Stage II melanoma patients were reviewed to determine the value of monitoring serum LDH in postoperative follow-up examinations. Charts of 58 Stage III patients who had autopsies at UCLA also were reviewed to define the relationship between an elevated LDH and liver metastases. The sensitivity and specificity of LDH as an indicator of disease recurrence were 72.1% and 97.0%, respectively. As an indicator of liver metastases, LDH had a sensitivity and specificity of 95.1% and 82.8% in the Stage II patient group and 86.5% and 57.1% in the Stage III autopsied group. An elevated LDH was the first indication of recurrent disease in 11/88 (12.5%) Stage II patients and was almost as frequent an indicator of recurrent disease as pulmonary metastases found on chest x-ray. Mean survival following elevation of LDH was 5.9 months whether or not liver metastases were present. Monitoring of serum LDH can provide useful information in the postoperative follow-up of patients with melanoma.
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PMID:LDH and melanoma. 682 50

As compared to control animals, guinea-pigs to the shaved backs of which a dose of 0.16 ml of a 0.12% solution of PES/100g. of body mass had been applied twice daily for periods of 28 and 90 d, respectively (5 d of application being followed by 2 d without treatment), showed erythema, loss of hair, slower increase in mass, increased heart rate, smaller body mass/kidney mass and body mass/spleen mass ratios, increases in leucocytes, ASAT, ALAT, LDH I and LDH III. In the 28-d test, slight inflammatory symptoms of the liver, kidneys and heart were observed in the experimental animals. These symptoms were more marked in the 90-d test, granulomata in the livers being particularly striking. A pneumonia of moderate to very marked degree is suggestive of the activation of a clinically latent PES infect whereby the inflammatory alterations in the kidneys might be explained by the formation of metastases.
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PMID:[Subacute and subchronic percutaneous tolerance testing (28-day and 90-day test) of epicutaneously applied dis-infectants as demonstrated by the example of peroxyethanoic acid (author's transl)]. 707 Nov 11

Serial plasma CEA levels were determined over a period of 1-3 years in 114 patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for T1, 2 or 3a N+ MO breast cancer. CEA values were correlated with clinical status, scintiscans, and other biochemical parameters. CEA values greater than 2.5 ng/ml were considered abnormal. Forty-one patients had normal values throughout the adjuvant period. In 73 patients where abnormal values occurred, four different patterns were seen: (1) a statistically significant number (30/73) had initial elevations with a decreasing titer; (2) rising titer (10/73); (3) fluctuating titer of transient elevation (25/73); and (4) persistent elevation (8/73). Seventeen patients developed overt metastases, this was associated with a rising CEA in nine patients (P less than 0.002). CEA was more sensitive for predicting relapse than alkaline phosphatase or LDH. The correlation between CEA determination and the eventual development of metastatic disease is striking, and has implications for the design of future clinical trials. Results indicate that CEA could be used to identify high risk patients, to estimate efficacy of chemotherapeutic regime, and to determine optimal duration of therapy.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen as a marker in patients with breast cancer receiving postsurgical adjuvant chemotherapy. 707 85

In 117 bronchial carcinoma patients hospitalized to receive radiation therapy, the serum levels of aldolase, LDH, alkaline phosphatase, GOT and GPT were checked prior to, during, and following radiation therapy at intervals of 4--6 weeks. Among the enzymes tested, aldolase proved to provide the best screening test for judging prognosis, course of disease and probable occurrence of recurrence or metastases.
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PMID:Enzymatic tests in the prognosis and course controls in bronchial carcinoma patients. 712 55

Seven patients with advanced cancer underwent whole-body hyperthermia using a nylon and vinyl mesh, water-perfused suit. Treatments were given at 41.8 degrees C for 4 hours. Five patients received concomitant cyclophosphamide with hyperthermia. Compared to baseline (37 degrees C) conditions, there was a significant rise in pulse rate (P less than 0.001), a fall in diastolic pressure (P less than 0.02), and an increase in respiratory rate (P less than 0.001). Toxic effects included fatigue, extremity edema, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, and respiratory depression in a patient with cerebral metastases. Compared to baseline values, there was a significant increase in serum glucose (P less than 0.02) and decreases in serum calcium (P less than 0.01) and phosphorus (P less than 0.01). Significant elevations in serum LDH and SGOT values occurred 24 hours following hyperthermia, suggesting hepatic sensitivity to heat. The methods used to induce whole-body hyperthermia, as described in this paper, are feasible, permit relatively easy access to the patient, and are potentially applicable in diverse hospital settings such as intensive care units, radiation therapy areas, and conventional rooms. The physiologic alterations that were observed and the toxic effects that were documented indicate that careful monitoring of patients is necessary.
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PMID:Physiologic response and toxicity in patients undergoing whole-body hyperthermia for the treatment of cancer. 723 54


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