Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Immunoperoxidase reaction of appropriately fixed tissue with an antiserum to catechol-o-methyl transferase (COMT), as the primary step in the peroxidase-immunoglobulin bridge technique, has been utilized for the localization of COMT in biopsy specimens of human breast neoplasm and its metastases. Our immunocytochemical identification of a strong activity of COMT in all cases studied might have a diagnostic implication in breast cancer.
 ...
PMID:Immunoperoxidase localization of catechol-o-methyl transferase (COMT) in human breast cancer. 634 77

A sandwich method was developed for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CEA-like molecules and immunoglobulin G (IgG) containing immune complexes (CEA-IgG-IC) in human sera. Rabbit anti-CEA ( Dako , FRG) was adsorbed to polypropylene tubes. CEA-like molecules and IgG containing immune complexes bound to the solid phase. They were detected by binding peroxidase-labelled anti-IgG antibodies and quantified by measuring the optical density (OD) at 492 nm after oxidation of orthophenylene diamine. Sera of 68 controls had a mean OD 492 of 1.19 +/- 0.26 (means +/- SD). An extinction of more than 1.97 (means + 3 SD) was judged as elevated. Fourteen of 69 patients after surgical treatment of colorectal carcinoma showed elevated OD 492 up to a value of 3.92. In five patients with benign diseases of colon or rectum normal values were found. In 7 of 41 patients without recurrence or metastases CEA-IgG-IC were elevated although the CEA was normal, and in one case both parameters were elevated. In four of 22 patients with tumor progression CEA-IgG-IC and CEA were elevated, whereas in two cases only CEA-IgG-IC were found.
 ...
PMID:[Demonstration of circulating CEA or CEA-like antigens and immunoglobulin G containing immune complexes in colorectal carcinoma]. 637 76

Twenty-five strictly defined bronchopulmonary carcinoids were studied by light microscopic immunohistochemistry by the peroxidase technique for NSE (neuron-specific enolase), serotonin, and a broad spectrum of neuropeptides. Eighteen cases were also studied by electron microscopy. Twenty-three of the twenty-five cases showed immunostaining for NSE; 24 cases displayed immunostaining for at least two of the hormones tested for; the single case that failed to show hormonal immuno-reactivity was however positive for NSE and had granules by electron microscopy. Serotonin was the most frequently demonstrated hormone followed by bombesin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, gastrin, leu-enkephalin , alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone, somatostatin, substance P, and calcitonin. In several cases, adjacent-step sections stained for different hormones strongly indicated immunoreactivity for more than one hormone in single neoplastic cells. By electron microscopy, all 18 cases studied showed generally abundant neurosecretory granules, which, however, displayed considerable heterogeneity in their size, shape, and density. Twelve of these eighteen cases displayed evidence of squamous differentiation and 10 showed characteristic exocrine lumina. The capability of single neuroendocrine tumors and single neuroendocrine tumor cells to produce more than one immunoreactive hormone is hereby amply confirmed; these broad capabilities are certainly reflected in the heterogeneous granule populations seen by electron microscopy. The synchronous presence of squamous and exocrine features in broncho-pulmonary carcinoids indicates that they too are capable of multidirectional differentiation, which should not detract from their being regarded basically as well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms. The clinical significance of strictly defining bronchial carcinoids is underscored by the fact that of 25 cases followed for 2-13 years, only one developed metastases 9 years postoperatively.
 ...
PMID:Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis of bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms. I. Carcinoids. 637 57

Although thyroid gland neoplasms are well-recognized entities in dogs, the diagnosis and classification of these tumors often is difficult. In contrast to human thyroid carcinomas, which are predominantly of the papillary or follicular types, a relatively high proportion of the canine tumors contain compact cellular areas and resemble, to some extent, medullary thyroid carcinomas. In order to assess the value of immunohistochemical techniques in the identification and classification of these neoplasms, 21 canine thyroid carcinomas were examined for the presence of thyroglobulin and calcitonin using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. Four major patterns of thyroglobulin immunoreactivity were present in the tumors, including diffuse cytoplasmic positive reaction, apical staining in the cells bordering the neoplastic follicular lumens, intracytoplasmic droplet staining, and staining of intrafollicular colloid. All follicular and mixed compact cellular/follicular tumors contained immunoreactive hormone, while only four of six compact cellular carcinomas were thyroglobulin-positive. The extent of thyroglobulin reactivity was consistently greater in tumors of the follicular and mixed patterns than in carcinomas of the purely compact cellular type. Two of four metastases, each of which retained the mixed pattern of the primary tumors, were thyroglobulin-positive. No medullary thyroid carcinomas were identified, but scattered calcitonin-positive cells in one mixed and in one compact cellular tumor were interpreted as entrapped nonneoplastic C cells. Immunohistochemical localization of thyroglobulin should facilitate the diagnosis of canine tumors of suspected thyroid follicular cell origin, particularly those arising in ectopic sites (i.e., heart base) and those presenting as metastases.
 ...
PMID:Thyroglobulin and calcitonin immunoreactivity in canine thyroid carcinomas. 637 99

The effect of brain implants of Walker 256 carcinosarcoma tumour cells on the integrity of the blood-brain barrier was examined in rats using labelled albumin, horseradish peroxidase and trypan blue. Barrier integrity was intact within 1 hour of implantation but was gradually reduced within the tumour after 3.5 days. This was related to alterations in the fine structure of the tumour capillaries. Dissociated tight junctions were apparent within the tumour centre, but no fenestrated endothelium or gap junctions were observed by electron microscopy.
Clin Exp Metastasis
PMID:Blood-brain barrier integrity and host responses in experimental metastatic brain tumours. 654 1

Intracytoplasmic lysozyme was studied by the peroxidase antiperoxidase (PAP) and protein A-peroxidase methods in 130 cases of various myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders and 21 lymph nodes and bone marrow metastases from solid primary tumors. This marker, which can be identified in formalin or Zenker-fixed tissues, as well as in peripheral blood and bone marrow smears, proved useful to distinguish malignant myeloid and histiocytic tumors from malignant lymphoid and undifferentiated epithelial metastases. The diagnostic application of these findings are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Intracytoplasmic lysozyme in malignant hematologic disorders: an immunoperoxidase study. 675 56

A survival experiment is described in which 1920 Wistar rats were used. These rats were injected intravenously with different quantities and different alpha-doses of Thorotrast. The following observations were made: The distribution of Thorotrast in the liver of the experimental animals is similar to that in human livers. Liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis are rarely seen in experimental animals. The liver cell carcinomas, intrahepatic bile duct carcinomas and haemangiosarcomas that developed in the liver of the rats showed an identical biology and morphology with those seen in corresponding Thorotrast tumours in human patients. One particular tumour type that occurred in the liver of the rats probably represents a Kupffer cell sarcoma: the tumour cells show a positive peroxidase reaction and the metastases contained Thorotrast. Unlike human Thorotrast liver tumours, rat liver tumours include benign tumours such as liver cell adenomas and intrahepatic bile duct adenomas. The animals of the control group did not develop these benign liver tumours. The total frequency of the liver and spleen tumours in the trial groups receiving 230Th enriched Thorotrast was dependent on the dose given. The relationship between dose and effect was almost linear. The volume of the injected Thorotrast quantity, given a constant dose rate, seems to have only a slight influence on the number of tumours.
 ...
PMID:Recent results of the German Thorotrast study--pathoanatomical changes in animal experiments and comparison to human thorotrastosis. 686 8

Bartholin's gland carcinoma is an uncommon disease representing 0.1% of all female genital malignant neoplasms. Five Bartholin's gland adenocarcinomas were selected by the criteria of Chamlian and Taylor. Three patients died from metastatic disease within four years; two are free of apparent disease 14 months and 13 years, respectively, after initial diagnosis. Poor prognosis was associated with large tumor size, poor histopathologic differentiation, and lymph node involvement. Transmission electron microscopy verified the glandular nature of the poorly differentiated lesions. All five tumors demonstrated junctional complexes, abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vacuoles, and glandular formation. Low levels of estrogen receptor and moderate levels of progesterone receptor were present in the one case measured. Endogenous peroxidase, and inducible enzyme in estrogen-sensitive tissues, was observed in two of the five tumors.
 ...
PMID:Adenocarcinoma of Bartholin's gland. 689 95

Uroplakins (UPs) Ia, Ib, II, and III, transmembrane proteins constituting the asymmetrical unit membrane of urothelial umbrella cells, are the first specific urothelial differentiation markers described. We investigated the presence and localization patterns of UPs in various human carcinomas by applying immunohistochemistry (avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method), using rabbit antibodies against UPs II and III, to paraffin sections. Positive reactions for UP III (sometimes very focal) were noted in 14 of the 16 papillary noninvasive transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs) (88%), 29 of the 55 invasive TCCs (53%), and 23 of the 35 TCC metastases (66%). Different localization patterns of UPs could be distinguished, including superficial membrane staining like that found in normal umbrella cells (in papillary carcinoma), luminal (microluminal) membrane staining (in papillary and invasive carcinoma), and, against expectations, peripheral membrane staining (in invasive carcinoma). Non-TCC carcinomas of various origins (n = 177) were consistently negative for UPs. The presence of UPs in metastatic TCCs represents a prime example of even advanced tumor progression being compatible with the (focal) expression of highly specialized differentiation repertoires. Although of only medium-grade sensitivity, UPs do seem to be highly specific urothelial lineage markers, thus operating up interesting histodiagnostic possibilities in cases of carcinoma metastases of uncertain origin.
 ...
PMID:Uroplakins, specific membrane proteins of urothelial umbrella cells, as histological markers of metastatic transitional cell carcinomas. 748 1

In order to determine epithelial markers in malignant melanoma in routinely processed paraffin sections and to compare the staining of primary (cutaneous) malignant melanomas and their metastases, we stained formalin-fixed paraffin sections of 13 primary and 18 metastatic malignant melanomas using the streptavidin-biotin peroxidase method by antibodies to S-100, vimentin, HMB-45, polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), monoclonal CEA, cytokeratins (CAM 5.2 and broad-spectrum CKKES), and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). All primary and most metastatic malignant melanomas showed positive staining with anti-S-100, HMB-45, and anti-vimentin. Reactivity with polyclonal CEA was observed in 15 (48%) of the 31 lesions; 14 of them were metastatic. No lesion was reactive with monoclonal CEA. Significant cytokeratin (CK) staining was evident in only three (9.7%) lesions (all metastatic), which also stained specifically with anti-CK 18. EMA was observed only focally in two (6.5%) lesions. There was no correlation between epithelial markers staining of the primary tumours and their metastases. All lesions with CK or EMA staining showed concomitant extensive staining for S-100, HMB-45, and vimentin. We conclude that (a) polyclonal CEA staining in malignant melanoma is not rare and is probably due to CEA-related molecules; (b) significant CK reactivity is rare and related to simple CK, such as CK 18; (c) epithelial marker reactivity is more common in metastases of malignant melanomas and is not correlated to the reactivity in their primary tumors. Considering our results and reports of positive S-100, vimentin, and HMB-45 in epithelial tumors, a wide panel of antibodies is recommended for the study of undifferentiated tumors.
 ...
PMID:Epithelial markers in malignant melanoma. A study of primary lesions and their metastases. 752 76


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>