Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A concurrent randomised controlled clinical trial to evaluate a combination of Bleomycin and radiation as against radiation only in the treatment of advanced oral cancer has been conducted at the Cancer Institute, Madras, since 1971. All T3 and T4 previously untreated oral squamous cell carcinomas with N0, N1 and N2 regional nodes, or N3 nodes confined to the submandibular region, without systemic metastases or gross infiltration of the temporal and infratemporal fossa producing total trismus, and in decent general health were eligible for the trial. Patients with gross active pulmonary tuberculosis were excluded, as were recurrent carcinomas. Age, external fungation of growth or radiological bone invasion were no bar. Randomisation was done by the sealed envelope technique. The study group received concurrent fractionated cobalt 60 teletherapy using two opposing fields and 10-15 mg of Intra-arterial or Intravenous Bleomycin. The controls received fractionated cobalt teletherapy and i.v. or i.m. distilled water on the same protocol as the Bleomycin cases. All cases were evaluated double blind 8 weeks after the end of radiation therapy, and were classified as 'favourable response' or 'failure'. The criterion of 'favourable response' was 'total clinical healing of the tumour within the volume of irradiation with no subsequent recurrence within that volume, whatever the length of follow up'. Anything else was reported as a failure. A long term follow up of 3 years is also available. 136 cases have completed the trial. The favourable response in the study group was 77% as against 20.9% in the control group. The differential response is statistically significant. The present study is the fourth in the series of combined therapeutic trials conducted in advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma since 1958. (Krishnamurthi and Shanta, 1963, 1965, 1967 and 1971). A concurrent randomised controlled clinical trial to evaluate the combination of Bleomycin and radiation as against radiation only in treatment of advanced oral cancer has been conducted at the Cancer Institute, Madras since 1971.
 ...
PMID:Combined therapy of oral cancer bleomycin and radiation: a clinical trial. 6 44

A patient with a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion secondary to an undifferentiated bronchogenic carcinoma with distant metastases was treated with demethylchlortetracycline. Up until recently, treatment of this syndrome was based on water restriction and when the plasma sodium concentration became extremely low, hypertonic saline solution administration. Recently it has been demonstrated that the antibiotic demethylchlortetracycline inhibits the action of the antidiuretic hormone on the renal tubules. The drug has been used successfully in five patients with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. The administration of 900 mg of demethylchlortetracycline per day for 7 days in our patient produced an increase of free water clearance, diuresis, plasma sodium concentration, and plasma osmolarity. Urinary excretion of sodium and urinary osmolarity declined. Furthermore, the neurological symptoms attributed to hyponatremia improved markedly. The patient lost 6 kg during treatment, probably because of negative water balance induced by demethylchlortetracycline. Even though the administration of demethylchlortetracycline did not produce significant decreases in the glomerular filtration rate or renal blood flow in our patient, it is advisable to control the renal function in individuals treated with this drug since it may on occasion determine renal insufficiency.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion with demethylchlortetracycline (author's transl)]. 11 37

Administration of 40 ppm diethylnitrosamine (DENA) in the drinking water for 10 weeks to male Fischer rats led to hepatocellular carcinoma in 100 percent with metastasis to the lung in 40 percent, of the animals living for the full experimental period of 20 weeks. Concurrent feeding of phenobarbital and DENA for 10 weeks produced cancer of the liver in 77 percent of the animals, but only 9 percent had metastases in the lung. A brief regimen of DENA for 4 weeks, followed by 16 weeks of observation, induced cancer of the liver in only 13 percent of the rats. Administration of phenobarbital, begun 1 week after cessation of DENA intake and terminated at week 20, led to liver cancer in 64 percent of the rodents. Hydroxyurea had no effect on this enhancement. Treatment with a purified gamma fraction of antilymphocytic serum after the DENA did not influence the outcome. Thus phenobarbital given together with DENA reduced the severity of the carcinogenic process, but when it was given after the hepatocarcinogen, it increased the effect.
 ...
PMID:Modification of diethylnitrosamine liver carcinogenesis with phenobarbital but not with immunosuppression. 16 10

A 61 year old woman presented with profound hyponatremia and markedly low serum osmolality. Urine osmolality was greater than the serum osmolality, an abnormality that was corrected by water restriction, suggesting inappropriate ADH secretion. Although there were no physical signs of Cushing's syndrome, her serum potassium level was low and markedly elevated levels of plasma and urine corticosteroids were not altered by the administration of large amounts of dexamethasone, suggesting the ectopic ACTH-MSH syndrome. Plasma levels of immunoreactive ACTH and beta-MSH were elevated. At autopsy, a metastastic oat cell carcinoma of the lung, not detected antemortem by chest roentgenograms and bronchoscopy, was found. Immunoreactive ADH, ACTH and beta-MSH were detected in the primary tumor and in metastases to the liver. beta-MSH was also detected in the spleen, in which metastases were observed. This is the first documented case of the simultaneous production of ADH, ACTH and beta-MSH by neoplastic tissue associated with clinical manifestations of the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion and the ectopic ACTH-MSH syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Ectopic production of antidiuretic hormone (adh), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and beta-melanocyte stimulating hormone (beta-MSH) by an oat cell carcinoma of the lung. 18 5

3 cases of inappropriate vasopressin secretion during one case of anaplastic carcinoma of the lung, one case of carcinoma of the prostate with bony metastases and one case of acute intermittent porphyria are presented. The plasma levels of vasopressin, measured by radioimmunoassay were high. Treatment with demeclocycline was attempted in one case. The clearance of free water was positive but the treatment was poorly tolerated by the digestive tract.
 ...
PMID:[Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of vasopressin. Apropos of 3 cases]. 19 87

A patient is described who presented with the classical symptomatology and profound electrolyte disturbance of the Verner-Morrison syndrome due to a pancreatic apudoma secreting vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). Diagnosis was confirmed by plasma VIP as measured by a radio-immunoassay technique now available. It is suggested that the cyclical nature of the symptoms in this case was due to cyclical release of VIP from the tumour in response to an unknown stimulus. Perfusion studies confirmed the excess secretory state of water, sodium and chloride in the small intestine. Symptoms were completely abolished by surgery and the progress is being monitored by means of serial plasma VIP estimations to detect any early recurrence of metastatic disease.
 ...
PMID:Cyclical release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) from a pancreatic islet cell apudoma. 21 90

Subcutaneous fat provides excellent contrast for water density tissue. Five patients with subcutaneous metastases visualized on computed tomography (CT) scans are presented. In some cases, CT proved to be the optimal diagnostic modality for visualizing these lesions and documenting their response to therapy.
 ...
PMID:Detection of subcutaneous metastases by computed tomography. 26 90

Prostaglandins and serotonin are vasoactive compounds with profound effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Both cause inhibition of gastric acid secretion (although serotonin stimulates gastric pepsin secretion), stimulation of intestinal motility, and conversion of small intestinal mucosa from absorption to secretion of water and electrolytes. Their effects on pancreatic and biliary function are still not clear. Although prostaglandins appear to elicit their effects primarily by a paracrine mode of action, and serotonin is primarily a neurotransmitter (neurocrine), it is clear that even under normal conditions both can function as humoral agents. For example, we have shown that serotonin plays a physiologic role as a humoral inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. However, the effects of these agents become more pronounced in patients with humorally mediated diarrheogenic syndromes. Serotonin (and related indoles, particularly 5-hydroxytryptophan) has been firmly implicated as a cause of diarrhea in patients with carcinoid syndrome; our recent studies suggest that the diagnosis can be more effectively made by measuring circulating immunoreactive serotonin concentrations than urinary excretion of 5-HIAA; that some circulating serotonin escapes hepatic inactivation and, thus, large intestinal tumors can cause carcinoid syndrome in the absence of hepatic metastases; and that large amounts of serotonin are produced by some noncarcinoid diarrheogenic tumors, including medullary carcinomas of the thyroid and tumors associated with the WDHA syndrome. A large number of tumors of probable neural crest origin, including medullary thyroid carcinoma, carcinoids, and tumors associated with the WDHA syndrome, secrete large amounts of prostaglandins, particularly PGE2. The clinical response of at least some of the patients harboring these tumors to inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis (particularly indomethacin) suggests that prostaglandins play a role in the etiology of these diarrheogenic syndromes.
 ...
PMID:Prostaglandins and serotonin: nonpeptide diarrheogenic hormones. 39 Aug 99

Tumor-associated antigens were demonstrated in phenol water extracts of human malignant melanoma by migration tests with leukocytes from melanoma patients and controls: in 25 out of 60 melanoma patients weak reactivity was observed, usually stimulation of leukocyte migration, while leukocytes from 37 controls were negative in 100 tests. The frequency of positive reactions did not differ significantly in patients with and without metastases. Humoral antibodies against antigens of phenol water extracts were not detectable in melanoma patients. Rabbits did not produce antibodies against tumor typical substances after immunization with phenol water extracts. Tumor associated antigens of phenol water extracts are presumably not targets of antitumor immune reactions that can influence the clinical course.
 ...
PMID:Human malignant melanoma antigenic properties of phenol water extracts. 44 60

Ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS), one of the alkylating agents, is known to be a potent mutagen. We tested EMS for its carcinogenicity in female rats by oral administration. EMS was dissolved in drinking tap water at a concentration of 10(-3) M and was given for the first 12 weeks. The subcutaneous tumors were noticed as early as 16 weeks after initiating the experiment. At the 32nd week, all the surviving rats produced tumors; the majority were multiple tumors in the neck, axillar and inguinal areas corresponding to bilateral mammary glands. Histologically, the prevailing feature of the tumors was infiltrating medullary adenocarcinoma consistent with carcinoma of mammary duct origin. Neither regional lymph node involvement nor distant metastases were shown, but intraductal spread of carcinoma was a marked finding during the 32-week period.
 ...
PMID:High incidence of rat mammary carcinoma by oral administration of ethyl methanesulphonate. 47 12


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>