Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intralesional administration of emulsified croton oil into established syngeneic transplants of murine firosarcoma no. 1023 caused complete regression of the injected tumors in C3H mice without recurrence during the period of observation. In Sewall Wright strain 2 guinea pigs, in contrast to BCG cell wall vaccine which eradicated regional lymph node metastasis as well as dermal transplants, croton oil treatment only delayed the development of metastatic disease despite the fact that the injected skin tumors did not recur. 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), the active principle of croton oil, incorporated in mineral oil droplets in aqueous suspension, caused regression of murine tumors when injected intralesionally. Aqueous suspensions of TPA failed to eliminate the tumors. Our results suggest that tumor regression induced by croton oil of TPA emulsions was due to indiscriminate destruction of the injected tissue.
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PMID:Local tumor regression after intralesional injection of croton oil. 28 39

In the present study, we determined the absolute and the percental numbers of T-lymphocytes in 113 patients with malignant melanomas, of whom 50 had metastases and 63 did not. The findings were compared to those in a control group of 22 persons. The patients with melanomas were divided up into clinical stages: stage I (primary tumour), II (metastases in the local lymph nodes), and stage III (systemic metastases). There was a statistically significant reduction of T-lymphocytes in all patients with melanomas, but there were no significant differences between the three stages. Therapy with DTIC did not lead to any major reduction in T-lymphocytes, possibly because of subsequent treatment with BCG. We found no clear correlation between the reduction of T-lymphocytes and an unfavourable prognosis.
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PMID:[T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. Study on 113 patients with malignant melanoma]. 30 73

Two groups of patients with advanced cancer of the prostate received adjuvant immunotherapy by direct intra-tumor injection of BCG. The first group had advanced metastatic disease that was failing to respond to conventional hormone therapy. The second group were new cases of stages III and IV tumor who were previously untreated and who had had a transurethral resection of the prostate and orchiectomy followed by BCG immunotherapy. The clinical and pathologic findings for both groups of patients are described.
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PMID:Prostate carcinoma: intratumor BCG immunotherapy. 31 94

A review of our experience using BCG immunotherapy as a postsurgical adjunct in the treatment of melanoma shows that the incidence of systemic metastases appears to have been reduced. However, central nervous system (CNS) metastases continue to develop in these patients and represent the single most frequent cause of death. Serial studies of immune competence in these patients reveal that those with CNS metastases usually retain normal immune responses, whereas those with metastases at other sites exhibit progressive immunosuppression with advancing disease.
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PMID:Failure of adjuvant immunotherapy to prevent central nervous system metastases in malignant melanoma patients. 32 99

The current status of treatment for patients with colorectal cancer is suboptimal. Although approximately 80% of patients are amenable to surgery, cure is only possible for 40%. Survival of patients is closely related to disease staging at the time of surgery, being poorer for patients presenting with locally advanced disease or with distant metastases. Patients who undergo curative resections and are categorized as having a high risk of developing recurrence, such as those with regionally involved lymph nodes, should be subjected to studies of adjuvant therapy. Although the definite role of such studies is still under evaluation, there already exist studies of chemotherapy with 5FU, chemoimmunotherapy with 5FU-BCG, and radiation therapy, suggesting the beneficial effect of these treatment modalities based on prolongation of the disease-free interval and survival of patients. The status of available treatments for patients with advanced disease is poor. There exists no single or multidrug regimen capable of producing significant tumor regression to improve the patient's quality of life and survival. Accordingly, the active clinical investigation of newer and potentially effective chemotherapeutic agents should continue. The role of present immunotherapy is not fully determined, although several studies suggest its potential usefulness in the adjuvant and the advanced situations. Serial determinations of CEA are extremely helpful in the postsurgical monitoring of patients receiving adjuvant treatments and also in the follow-up of patients undergoing therapy for overt metastatic disease.
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PMID:Chemotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy of colorectal cancer. Role of the carcinoembryonic antigen. 35 57

Oral tumors with associated cervical lymph node metastases developed after injection of tumor cells into buccal pads of inbred guinea pigs. Intralesional injection of living BCG or BCG cell walls (CW) caused regression of established tumors, prevented the development of cervical lymph node metastases and led to the development of host resistance to the growth of subsequent tumor transplant.
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PMID:Regression of established oral tumors after intralesional injection of living BCG or BCG cell walls. 37 88

Emulsified cell walls of Mycobacterium bovis (BCG) were immunotherapeutically at least as active as living BCG in prolonging survival of guinea pigs with established dermal tumors and microscopic lymph node and visceral metastases.
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PMID:Immunotherapy of guinea pigs with dermal and visceral tumor implants: comparison of living and nonliving BCG. 37 59

Traditional treatments have proved to be of little effect on inflammatory carcinomas of the breast. The later show a tendency to early metastases and the mean survival is less than 19 months. The preliminary results of the therapeutic protocol reported here and whose originality lies in the primary use of non-specific immunotherapy and of high-dosage chemotherapy appear to be very favourable. The protocol was used in 9 patients. "Thermographic cooling" was taken as the criterion of operability. Initial chemotherapy was restarted after surgery up to a total of 10 courses, and followed by maintenance chemotherapy for one year. Immunotherapy using BCG was routinely associated with the antimitotic agents. After 41 months, the results were as follows: -- local recurrence after tumorectomy in 2 patients (18th and 31st months); these recurrences were controlled by cobalt. -- the other 7 patients show no sign of recurrence. These 9 patients are presently in complete remission.
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PMID:[Initial immunochemotherapy in inflammatory carcinomas of the breast. Preliminary results of a trials in 9 patients (author's transl)]. 37 7

Guinea pigs with established intradermal tumors and microscopic lymph node metastases were treated by intralesional injection of graded doses of living BCG or BCG CW. The lowest dose of living BCG used produced a significant cure rate and no grossly evident toxicity. An intermediate and the highest dose of living BCG used cured some animals but others lost weight and a significant number died as a result of the treatment. Histologic examination of animals with significant weight loss showed fatty degeneration of the liver, granulomatous hepatitis and histiocytic infiltration of the spleen. None of the doses of BCG CW used was toxic and they were at least as effective as living BCG in intralesional treatment. In some experiments in which treatment was delayed it was found that the extent of disease required to render treatment ineffective was about the same for living BCG and for BCG CW.
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PMID:Safety and efficacy of living BCG or BCG cell walls (CW) in the treatment of guinea pig hepatoma. 42 Nov 75

BCG immunotherapy often has severe complications in cancer patients despite lack of toxicity in the immunocompetent individual. MER, a cell wall fraction of BCG, has been reported to cause immunopotentiation similar to that of BCG without equivalent toxicity. Recently, animal models have been reported to develop MER complications, especially disseminated granuloma formation, like those of BCG. For the past several years, MER has been used as adjuvant immunotherapy for treatment of malignant tumors with minimal systemic toxicity reported. A patient with malignant melanoma was treated with intralesional MER at the site of local metastases. He developed military pulmonary granulomatosis and a severe cutaneous eruption in association with MER therapy. The toxicities of BCG and MER therapy were compared with the pathogenesis of granuloma formation reviewed. This patient's complications were consistent with a hypersensitivity reaction to MER. Pulmonary granulomatosis and rash must be added to the list of known MER toxicities.
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PMID:Systemic complications of MER immunotherapy of cancer: pulmonary granulomatosis and rash. 42 Nov 77


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