Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The goal of this study has been to identify and characterize metalloproteinases from a highly metastatic human small cell lung cancer cell line. The cytosol isolated from NCI-H82 lung cancer cells propagated as solid tumors in nude mice contained a gelatinolytic enzyme that was subjected to ammonium sulfate precipitation, zinc chelate Sepharose column chromatography, anion exchange chromatography and gel permeation chromatography. This purification scheme resulted in a 280-fold enrichment of an active gelatin and type IV collagen-degrading enzyme. On gelatin zymography two bands of gelatinolytic activity were detected, corresponding to Mr of 75,000 and 63,000. Gelatinolytic activity was inhibited by metal chelators, tetracyclines, and serum. On immunoblotting using an affinity-purified polyclonal rabbit antibody to a peptide region of type IV collagenase, the tumor enzyme was identified as type IV collagenase. A second tumor metalloproteinase of Mr = 29,000, which degraded proteoglycan substrates, was also isolated.
Invasion Metastasis 1989
PMID:Gelatin-degrading type IV collagenase isolated from human small cell lung cancer. 254 76

This work includes results from studies on oesophageal cytopathology, dietary studies and the correlation of oesophageal cytological abnormalities and micronutrient blood levels in populations at risk for oesophageal carcinoma (OC) in remote rural areas of Southern Africa. The incidence of malignant lesions was 1.6 - 2.8%, and moderate to severe dysplastic lesions 0.5 - 1.8% in subjects aged over 35 years. Subjects 25-34 years of age showed malignant and dysplastic lesions in 0.8 and 1.3% respectively. Subjects younger than 24 years of age showed mild cytological lesions only. Early stages of OC were diagnosed in 8 patients. Three of them successfully underwent surgical intervention and are free from recurrence or metastases over a 3 year follow-up period. The incidence of mild oesophageal cytological lesions was inversely related to the frequency of the intake of green vegetables, fruit and animal proteins, and directly related to alcohol intake or tobacco smoking. A lower plasma concentration of vitamins A, E, B12 and folic acid was detected in individuals with cytological abnormalities. Of the mineral elements, only selenium, but not zinc, copper or magnesium was significantly related to the risk for OC on a regional or individual basis. An exceptionally low whole blood selenium level (58-72 ng/ml) and a relationship between its concentration and degree of cytological abnormalities were found.
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PMID:Oesophageal carcinoma: cytopathology and nutritional aspects in aetiology. 262 30

In this report we describe the isolation and characterization of a neutral metalloproteinase, from human small cell lung cancer cells, which degrades a wide range of connective tissue proteins. Treatment of tumor cytosol by ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by zinc chelated column chromatography, anion exchange chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography yielded a single enzymatically active protein, which on SDS-PAGE appeared as a diffuse band of 65,000-70,000 daltons. The tumor metalloproteinase, which was inhibited by metal chelators and serum, was able to digest gelatin, type I collagen, type IV collagen, laminin, and fibronectin. We propose that the capacity of this proteinase to degrade both components of blood vessel basement membranes and other connective tissue matrices facilitates the dissemination of human lung cancer cells during the multistep process of metastasis.
Clin Exp Metastasis
PMID:Characterization of a connective tissue degrading metalloproteinase from human small cell lung cancer cells. 283 54

Zinc in serum of both patients with prostatic carcinoma and men without prostatic cancer was analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). No significant differences were found between the group with prostatic carcinoma without metastasis and the group used for comparison. The Zn level in serum of patients with both prostatic carcinoma and metastases was decreased in comparison to the other groups. A decrease in the Zn concentration was also found for men without metastases after orchiectomy and hormone therapy.
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PMID:Serum-Zn-levels in prostatic cancer. 292 90

The quantity of water, lipid and some metals was measured in autopsy specimens of 8 normal livers, 9 livers with fatty change, and in 12 livers with metastases of various origins. These parameters contribute to the CT number measured in the liver. Water played a major role in demonstration of liver metastases as a low-density area on CT. Other contributory factors include iron, magnesium and zinc. Lipid and calcium had no influence in this respect. Heavy accumulation of calcium in a metastatic lesion gives a high-density area on CT. However, even when a metastatic lesion was perceived on CT as a low-density area, the calcium content of the lesion was not always lower than that of the non-tumour region.
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PMID:Distribution of water, fat, and metals in normal liver and in liver metastases influencing attenuation on computed tomography. 296 41

Electron spin resonance (ESR) and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) were utilized to characterize the physical and biochemical characteristics of melanin in choroidal melanoma. ESR free radical signals indicative of eumelanin could be elicited from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. Zinc ions (50 mM) increased the number of melanin-free radicals resulting in greater ESR sensitivity. Pyrole 2,3,6 tricarboxylic acid (PTCA) and amino hydroxy phenylalanine (AHP) were identified by HPLC after permanganate oxidation and hydroiodic acid hydrolysis, respectively, of a choroidal melanoma obtained at enucleation. The results indicate eumelanin is the primary melanin type in posterior choroidal melanomas. The feasibility of these techniques in the detection of metastatic disease from ocular melanomas is discussed.
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PMID:Electron spin resonance and high pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of melanin in posterior choroidal melanomas. 299 59

One hundred ninety-two patients with previously untreated metastatic cancer (102 non-small-cell lung cancer [NSCLC]; 90 colorectal cancer) were randomized to receive either ad lib nutritional intake (control group) or specific nutritional intervention during a 12-week study period when chemotherapy was administered. Those patients randomized to nutritional interventions were counselled to take oral nutrients with caloric intake equal to 1.7 to 1.95 times their basal energy expenditure, depending on their pretreatment nutritional status ("standard" group). An augmented group was counselled to have a caloric intake equivalent to that of the standard group but with 25% of calories provided as protein and additional supplements of zinc and magnesium. Counselling increased caloric intake in both tumor types but reduced weight loss in the short term only for lung cancer patients. Ninety-three NSCLC patients were evaluable for tumor response to vindesine and cisplatin. Overall, only 20.4% of the patients responded, and there were no significant differences in response rates, median time to progression, or overall duration of survival between the nutrition intervention groups and the control group. The tumor response rate to time-sequenced 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and methotrexate in the 81 evaluable patients with colorectal cancer was only 14.8%, and no significant differences in tumor response rates were noted between the three groups. Furthermore, the median time to progression and overall duration of survival were not different for the control, standard, and augmented groups. Nutritional interventions using dietary counselling had no impact on the percent of planned chemotherapy dose administered, the degree of toxicity experienced by patients, or the frequency of treatment delays. A multivariate prognostic factor analysis demonstrated that for lung cancer, the percent of weight loss, serum albumin concentration, and presence of liver metastases were significant (P less than .05) and independent prognostic variables for survival duration. For colorectal cancer, serum albumin, alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, and percent targeted caloric intake (TCI) were significant independent predictors of survival duration.
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PMID:A randomized study of oral nutritional support versus ad lib nutritional intake during chemotherapy for advanced colorectal and non-small-cell lung cancer. 302 67

A sensitive fluorometric method for the evaluation of erythrocyte levels of zinc-protoporphyrin (ZPP) and free-protoporphyrin (FPP) in diluted whole blood was used to survey patients with carcinomas in different stages o metastatic dissemination. ZPP levels in patients with primary tumor or with no evidence of metastatic disease were not different from those of normal donors. However, significantly higher ZPP levels were found in patients with carcinomas in correlation with evidence of metastatic disease, irrespective of the histological origin of the tumor. FPP levels were elevated in all stages of malignancy but were found 4 times higher than the normal levels in patients with metastatic malignancies. Similar increases in ZPP and FPP were detected in patients with inflammatory processes, suggesting a common effector of erythropoiesis in these pathological conditions and in metastatic diseases. Simultaneous detection of higher than normal ZPP and FPP levels in the blood of cancer patients may serve as an additional marker of metastatic dissemination in patients without clinical evidence of infectious or autoimmune diseases.
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PMID:Elevation of erythrocyte zinc- and free protoporphyrins with metastatic spread in cancer patients. 359 76

The effects of zinc treatment on the transplantability of tumor cells were investigated in two syngeneic murine tumor systems. A 15-min incubation of tumor cells in 0.1 mM zinc caused a dramatic decrease in intravenous transplantability for melanoma B16 cells, while MCG 101-AA cells were unaffected. The subcutaneous transplantability remained unchanged in both cases. In order to elucidate the mechanism responsible for the effect on B16 cells, a number of factors of possible importance for the intravenous transplantability were investigated. Zinc treatment reduced the activity of extracellular neutral protease, and increased the cell rigidity and fragility in a similar way in both cell lines. However, zinc effects on cell adhesion and cell proliferation were different in the two cell lines. It is possible that zinc reduces the intravenous transplantability of melanoma B16 cells by impairment of cell adhesion.
Invasion Metastasis 1986
PMID:Effects of zinc on tumor transplantability. 363 63

The level of plasma copper (Cu-Pl) and zinc (Zn-Pl) and the level of erythrocyte iron (Fe-RBC), copper (Cu-RBC), and zinc (Zn-RBC) were determined in the blood of 70 normal donors and 138 patients with various solid tumors by diagnostic x-ray spectrometry (DXS), a technique based on x-ray fluorescence spectrometry analysis. There were no significant changes in the mean values of Zn-Pl, Fe-RBC, and Cu-RBC in the patients when compared with those of normal donors. The mean level of Cu-Pl in the normal donors was 1.34 +/- 0.37 micrograms/ml; it was significantly increased in the patients, ranging between 1.47 +/- 0.34 micrograms/ml for patients without evidence of active cancer (NED) and 1.91 +/- 0.76 micrograms/ml for patients with hepatic metastases. The most significant change observed was an increase in the Zn-RBC found in the patients with clinical evidence of metastatic spread. Whereas the Zn-RBC level in the normal donors was 9.85 +/- 1.47 micrograms/g wet weight, and not significantly elevated in the NED patients, it was elevated to values of 11.37 +/- 1.55 micrograms/g (P less than 0.004) for patients with soft tissue and hepatic metastases and was 12.34 +/- 1.65 micrograms/g (P less than 0.001) for patients with bone metastases. The data suggest a clear correlation between Zn-RBC and metastatic spread in nonlymphomatous human cancer.
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PMID:Correlation of erythrocyte and plasma levels of zinc, copper, and iron with evidence of metastatic spread in cancer patients. 396 73


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