Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum-zinc-levels were evaluated in patients with breast cancer in relation to the various stages. Patients with metastatic breast cancer had significantly depressed zinc-levels, wereas patients with disease apparently localized to the breast and draining lymphnodes had nearly normal serumzinc levels. It appears that the determination of serumzinc in breast cancer patients may be of value in discriminating between localized and metastatic disease.
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PMID:[Changes of serum-zinc in breast cancer (author's transl)]. 68 72

Serum copper levels (SCL) and serum zinc levels (SZL) were evaluated in 19 patients with sarcomas, 12 of which were osteosarcomas at various stages. Patients with primary or metastatic osteosarcoma had elevated SCL, whereas amputated osteosarcoma patients who were clinically tumor-free had nearly normal SCL. Patients with primary osteosarcoma had elevated SZL, those with metastases had depressed zinc levels, and amputated patients who were clinically tumor-free and nearly normal SZL. Thus, the ratio of SCL:SZL in metastatic osteosarcoma patients is higher than in patients with primary osteosarcoma. SCL and SZL are compared to clinical histories for selected patients. Patients with the more advanced disease and poorest prognoses had the most elevated SCL and highest SCL:SZL ratios. It appears that the determination of SCL and SZL in osteosarcoma patients may be of value in prognosis and therapy evaluation; furthermore, the ratio of SCL:SZL may be useful in discriminating between patients with primary and metastatic osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Copper and zinc levels in serum from human patients with sarcomas. 76 64

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) stimulated in vitro invasion, migration, and adherence to reconstituted basement membrane by metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) clones, but this stimulation was blocked by protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors and by expression of a transfected mutant RI alpha which blocks PKA activation. In vitro migration and adherence of metastatic LLC transfectants was heightened by expression of a transfected C alpha gene and further heightened by Zn2+ induction of the expression vector. Nonmetastatic LLC were not migratory nor invasive. However, nonmetastatic LLC that were stably transfected with a C alpha gene were both migratory and invasive, particularly when C alpha expression was further induced with Zn2+. The results of these in vitro studies show that PKA can enhance the metastatic characteristics of LLC.
Invasion Metastasis 1992
PMID:Activation of protein kinase A increases the in vitro invasion, migration, and adherence to reconstituted basement membrane by Lewis lung carcinoma tumor cells. 129 38

Zinc-alpha 2-glycoprotein, gross cystic disease fluid protein 15, and estrogen receptors are expressed in a great proportion of breast carcinomas. These markers were investigated by immunohistochemistry in 28 metastases from breast carcinomas and for comparison on 24 metastases from other carcinomas. A group of 83 primary nonmammary tumors was also studied. Most (> 96%) breast carcinoma metastases expressed one or several markers, while all metastases of other origins were negative. This sensitive and apparently specific immunostaining proved to be of great utility in cases in which the mammary origin of metastases was difficult to establish. In four axillary lymph node metastases, it even led to the discovery of an occult homolateral breast carcinoma that was not detectable by clinical and mammographic investigations. This study indicates that the combined use of zinc-alpha 2-glycoprotein, gross cystic disease fluid protein 15, and estrogenic receptors represents a useful immunostaining technique that can help the pathologist in determining the origin of breast carcinoma metastases.
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PMID:Mammary origin of metastases. Immunohistochemical determination. 144 49

In vivo experiments performed with NIH (nu/nu, bg/bg, xid/xid) triple immunodeficient (TD) mice revealed the striking ability of i.v. injected B16-F1 and B16-F10 murine melanoma cells to colonize not only the lungs but also the liver of TD mice. Subsequently, B16 melanoma cell cultures, which express very low levels of H-2Kb antigen, were cotransfected with plasmids pRSVneo, containing the neomycin resistance gene, and 6-2B1pMT, expressing the H-2Kb complentary DNA under the control of the metallothionein enhancer-promoter. Several neomycin-resistant clones were analyzed for H-2Kb and H-2Db expression by RNase protection and flow cytometry assays. All parental lines and transfected clones expressed normal levels of H-2Db mRNA, while only some of the transfected clones expressed easily detectable levels of H-2Kb mRNA. Moreover, in these clones H-2Kb expression could be enhanced in the presence of Zn2+, indicating that the metallothionein enhancer was functioning properly. Parental cells and transfected clones were injected i.v. in TD mice to assess the possible involvement of H-2Kb antigen in regulating the metastatic potential of B16 melanoma cells. We observed a remarkable correlation between expression of H-2Kb antigen and suppression of liver-specific metastases in TD mice. Identical results were obtained when we gave TD mice injections of mixed populations of transfectants expressing H-2Kb antigen, obtained by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. These experiments allowed us to rule out the possibility that the observed changes in metastatic potential were due to clonal variability among individual transfected clones. Taken together, the results of our in vivo studies with immunodeficient mice support the notion that specific major histocompatibility complex Class I molecules modulate the metastatic potential of malignant cells also by mechanisms which are independent of their well-established role in antigen presentation.
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PMID:Expression of a transfected H-2Kb gene in B16 cells correlates with suppression of liver metastases in triple immunodeficient mice. 161 80

Functional characteristics of the interstitial collagenase purified from the BCl rat mammary carcinoma cell line were examined and compared with literature reports of the corresponding characteristics of collagenase from non-neoplastic cells. BCl collagenase degraded soluble collagen types I, II and III at the same rate and degraded fibrillar tendon collagen with an activation energy of 75 kcal/mol; these characteristics were identical to collagenase from normal rat uterine smooth muscle cells. Degradation of fibrillar collagen by BCl collagenase was completely inhibited by rat alpha 2-macroglobulin which was concomitantly cleaved into half-fragments. BCl collagenase was also inhibited by native and recombinant tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases, a synthetic peptide collagenase inhibitor (Z-pro-leugly-NHOH), and Zn2+. In all functional characteristics examined, BCl collagenase was the same as interstitial collagenases from non-neoplastic sources.
Invasion Metastasis 1991
PMID:Interstitial collagenase from rat mammary carcinoma cells: interaction with substrates and inhibitors. 166 66

Rats having received drinking water enriched with zinc (zinc acetate, 22.8 mmol/l) developed significantly more pulmonal metastases after an i.v. injection of 5 x 10(5) cultivated cells of a benzpyrene-induced sarcoma than receiving normal drinking water. Zinc ions seem to promote the emigration, implantation and outgrowth of circulating tumour cells.
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PMID:The influence of zinc administration on the development of experimental lung metastases after an injection of tumour cells into the tail vein of rats. 207 Aug 43

In experimental investigations it was shown that rats having received drinking water enriched by zinc acetate (22.8 mmol/l) developed significantly more pulmonary metastases after an intravenous infection of cells of a benzpyrene-induced rat sarcoma than rats receiving normal drinking water. This increase is caused by an increase of the number of rats developed metastases as well as the number of metastases of the individual rat.
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PMID:[Effect of the oral administration of zinc on metastasis after intravenous application of benzpyrene-induced rat sarcoma cells]. 208 Feb 62

Zinc is an essential component of many metalloenzymes for DNA and proteinsynthesis including RNA and DNA polymerases. It has been shown by several investigators that zinc is accumulated in breast cancer tissues. To investigate a possible relation between plasma zinc levels and tumor load, plasma zinc levels were evaluated in 76 patients with non metastatic breast cancer (no evidence for disease after mastectomy) and in 66 patients with metastatic breast cancer. Zinc concentrations were measured in plasma using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (normal range 80-150 mcg/dl). In patients with metastatic disease plasma zinc concentrations were in the lower region of the normal range or depressed (arithmetic mean: 84.9 SD 21.6 mcg/dl), whereas patients with non metastatic breast cancer had normal zinc levels (arithmetic mean: 126.0 SD 27.7 mcg/dl). The difference between the two groups was highly significant (p = 0.001, t = -9.742, 140 degrees of freedom). It is concluded, that plasma zinc in breast cancer patients is depressed according to the stage of the disease. Based on experimental data a substitution of zinc cannot be recommended.
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PMID:[Decreased plasma zinc levels in metastatic breast cancer]. 220 8

One year following implantation of a mercury zinc pulse generator under the right breast, a 75-year-old man developed an ulcerative tumor of the nipple. Initially, the process was misinterpreted as a pacemaker pocket infection, until a diagnosis of papillary adenocarcinoma was made. The patient died from generalized metastases. To our knowledge, the association of a pacemaker implant and male breast cancer has not been previously reported; the probability of this occurring by chance seems rather low.
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PMID:Male breast cancer from pacemaker pocket. 241 60


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