Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum copper levels (SCL) and serum zinc levels (SZL) were evaluated in 19 patients with sarcomas, 12 of which were osteosarcomas at various stages. Patients with primary or metastatic osteosarcoma had elevated SCL, whereas amputated osteosarcoma patients who were clinically tumor-free had nearly normal SCL. Patients with primary osteosarcoma had elevated SZL, those with metastases had depressed zinc levels, and amputated patients who were clinically tumor-free and nearly normal SZL. Thus, the ratio of SCL:SZL in metastatic osteosarcoma patients is higher than in patients with primary osteosarcoma. SCL and SZL are compared to clinical histories for selected patients. Patients with the more advanced disease and poorest prognoses had the most elevated SCL and highest SCL:SZL ratios. It appears that the determination of SCL and SZL in osteosarcoma patients may be of value in prognosis and therapy evaluation; furthermore, the ratio of SCL:SZL may be useful in discriminating between patients with primary and metastatic osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Copper and zinc levels in serum from human patients with sarcomas. 76 64

The inadequacies of traditional methods for control of advanced oral carcinomas at their sites of origin prompted evaluation of combined chemotherapy and cryosurgery in seventy-three patients treated since 1969. Our experience with thirty-nine unlikely candidates for salvage by other therapy is the subject of this report. The majority had recurrent disease after other therapy. The observed morbidity potential of combined chemotherapy and cryosurgery with earlier experience led to abbreviations and refinements of method that are described and consist mainly of the following. (1) A two day postcryosurgical infusion (intra-arterial) of 5-fluorouracil (1 gm per twenty-four hours, or less) in lieu of methotrexate, the systemic toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of which seem less predictable with cryosurgery. (2) Electrosurgical subtotal tumor resection at the time of initial cryosurgery to reduce swelling and magnitude of in situ tissue slough. (3) Use of a flexible copper mesh cryoprobe that enhances feasibility of in-depth wide field cryosurgery. (4) Systematic use of multiple marginal wound biopsies as a principal guide to repetitive cryosurgery or other therapeutic adjunct selection. A special warning that available toxicologic data for independent drug therapy may not be applicable in patients after cryosurgery is given. Current experience indicates that negative biopsy after such combined therapy may be 85 per cent reliable in foretelling lesion outcome. Among the thirty-nine patients reported, twenty remain alive from six months to six years, only two of whom have clinically evident recurrent disease. If such could be reasonably accomplished, comparative evaluation of single methods should precede attempts to combine two or more modes of therapy. Since neither chemotherapy nor cryosurgery, as known today, can eliminate nodal metastases, each must be regarded as potentially adjunctive to other methods for achieving the ultimate goal of a cancer-free patient. It is within this context that combined chemotherapy and cryosurgery have been applied to unfavorable candidates for cure with seemingly worthwhile gains. Potential applicability for patients with less formidable stages of disease cannot be extrapolated from this experience. Large scale controlled clinical trials must provide the ultimately conclusive test of efficacy for such combined forms of therapy before decisive revision of traditional standards of practice might result.
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PMID:Combined chemotherapy and cryosurgery for oral cancer. 108 43

Methods were developed to test angiogenic response to human tumor implants and various biologic agents in the cornea of rabbits and non-human primates (Macaca arctoides). Crude PDGF preparations were found to have significant angiogenic effect. Purified, recombinant PDGF preparations were also effective inhibitors (e.g. pentoxifylline (Px) (which also were found to release PgI2 and t-PA) inhibited human tumor implant induced angiogenesis and reduced spontaneous metastases in 3 transplantable murine tumors (Furth-Columbia Wilms' tumor in Furth-Wistar rats, C-1300 neuroblastoma in A/J mice and HM-Kim mammary carcinoma in Wistar rats) but not in the NIH adenocarcinoma in Balb/c mice. Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC), a metal complexing agent with special affinity to copper and anti-thyroid as well as, immune stimulating activity was shown to be anti-angiogenic and to potentiate the effect of Px. The anti-fibrinolytic agents epsilon amino caproic acid (EACA) and tranaxamic acid (t-AMCHA) were anti-angiogenic. DDTC and Px were synergistic from this point of view.
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PMID:Studies on tumor induced angiogenesis. 137 68

Microvascular proliferation, a hallmark of malignant brain tumors, represents an attractive target of anticancer research, especially because of the quiescent nonproliferative endothelium of the normal brain. Cerebral neoplasms sequester copper, a trace metal that modulates angiogenesis. Using a rabbit brain tumor model, normocupremic animals developed large vascularized VX2 carcinomas. By contrast, small, circumscribed, relatively avascular tumors were found in the brains of rabbits copper-depleted by diet and penicillamine treatment (CDPT). The CDPT rabbits showed a significant decrease in serum copper, copper staining of tumor cell nuclei, microvascular density, the tumor volume, endothelial cell turnover, and an increase in the vascular permeability (breakdown of the blood-brain barrier), as well as peritumoral brain edema. In non-tumor-bearing animals, CDPT did not alter the vascular permeability or the brain water content. CDPT also inhibited the intracerebral growth of the 9L gliosarcoma in F-344 rats, with a similar increase of the peritumoral vascular permeability and the brain water content. CDPT failed to inhibit tumor growth and the vascularization of the VX2 carcinoma in the thigh muscle or the metastases to the lung, findings that may reflect regional differences in the responsiveness of the endothelium, the distribution of copper, or the activity of cuproenzymes. Metabolic and pharmacologic withdrawal of copper suppresses intracerebral tumor angiogenesis; angiosuppression is a novel biologic response modifier for the in situ control of tumor growth in the brain.
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PMID:Inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor growth in the brain. Suppression of endothelial cell turnover by penicillamine and the depletion of copper, an angiogenic cofactor. 170 Jun 17

The report summarizes the work of our laboratory aimed at improving the understanding of the angiogenic response of adult tissues, an event that transforms a micro-embolus of neoplastic cells into a growing metastasis. Attention has been focused on tumor-induced angiogenesis. The following aspects of the subject are discussed: (a) relationship between size of vascular network and tumor growth rate or tumor cell population; (b) angiogenic capacity of tumors and role that prostaglandin E1 may have as an angiogenesis factor; (c) relationship between acquisition of angiogenic capacity and neoplastic transformation of a cell population; (d) modification of tissue composition at the onset of angiogenesis; (e) behaviour of copper ions and copper carriers in the course of the angiogenic response; (f) the influence of gangliosides on endothelial cell motility, survival and growth in vitro; (g) modulation of the angiogenic response by gangliosides (GM1, GT1b) in vivo.
Cancer Metastasis Rev 1990 Nov
PMID:Gangliosides, copper ions and angiogenic capacity of adult tissues. 170 87

In 197 cases with various bronchopulmonary affections, iron was dosed in serum, according to Weippel's method, and copper, according to Cantarov's method. Cu/Fe serous ratio was found in the normal patients between 0.7 and 1.7 higher than the control sample were reached (1.2); in OCBP the ratio was twice versus the control sample (2.62 versus 1.2). In the disease diagnosis and prognosis, the determination of the Cu/Fe serous ratio is suggested in those suspected of bronchopulmonary cancer. The increase of the ratio shows the aggravation by metastases, and the improvement after operations indicates the lack of metastases. The advantages of the test are: sensitivity, specificity, predictability, economy.
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PMID:[The Cu/Fe ratio and its significance in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis of bronchopulmonary cancer]. 182 95

This study demonstrates the unique clinical and histologic aspects of fibrolamellar hepatic carcinoma, a rare variant of hepatocellular carcinoma. Three cases are reviewed and an extensive study of immunologic and intracellular substances defining this tumor is presented. Length of survival was considerably longer than typical hepatoma. The cause of death generally is due to a lack of control of the primary tumor. Successful treatment appears to relate to the ability to perform a total excision of the primary hepatic tumor. Chemotherapy should be used only in the presence of metastatic disease. Surgical resection of metastatic disease, unlike the usual hepatocarcinoma, may have some beneficial use. Fibrinogen was found in all tumors. It is possible that this tumor produces fibrinogen to create its unique histologic appearance. Carcinoembryonic antigen is described for the first time in this tumor. Both deposits of alpha-1 antitrypsin and copper were found in most of the tissues studied. The presence and amounts of these substances differ markedly from the common type of hepatoma. This unique composition of intracellular components may both facilitate histologic diagnosis, particularly if the amount of tissue is limited, and give further insight into the etiology of this tumor.
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PMID:Fibrolamellar carcinoma of the liver. Review of three cases and the presentation of a characteristic set of tumor markers defining this tumor. 240 35

This work includes results from studies on oesophageal cytopathology, dietary studies and the correlation of oesophageal cytological abnormalities and micronutrient blood levels in populations at risk for oesophageal carcinoma (OC) in remote rural areas of Southern Africa. The incidence of malignant lesions was 1.6 - 2.8%, and moderate to severe dysplastic lesions 0.5 - 1.8% in subjects aged over 35 years. Subjects 25-34 years of age showed malignant and dysplastic lesions in 0.8 and 1.3% respectively. Subjects younger than 24 years of age showed mild cytological lesions only. Early stages of OC were diagnosed in 8 patients. Three of them successfully underwent surgical intervention and are free from recurrence or metastases over a 3 year follow-up period. The incidence of mild oesophageal cytological lesions was inversely related to the frequency of the intake of green vegetables, fruit and animal proteins, and directly related to alcohol intake or tobacco smoking. A lower plasma concentration of vitamins A, E, B12 and folic acid was detected in individuals with cytological abnormalities. Of the mineral elements, only selenium, but not zinc, copper or magnesium was significantly related to the risk for OC on a regional or individual basis. An exceptionally low whole blood selenium level (58-72 ng/ml) and a relationship between its concentration and degree of cytological abnormalities were found.
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PMID:Oesophageal carcinoma: cytopathology and nutritional aspects in aetiology. 262 30

Tissue copper content has been evaluated in 4 murine mammary adenocarcinomas, 1 murine lung adenocarcinoma and their respective metastases. Histochemical techniques have been used to analyze copper distribution in tumor tissues. It is observed that the degree of copper staining is inversely related to tumor differentiation. As the copper level reflects one of the metabolic changes in the host carrying the tumor, it is suggested that it could be used as a good marker for tumor differentiation.
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PMID:Copper histochemistry of 5 murine tumors and their respective metastases. 292 89

Serum copper level was determined before operation in 179 patients with various histologically proved gynecologic tumors: malignant, benign, or metastases to the ovary. Serum copper level was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) in all groups of patients with cancer and in the benign group when compared with control subjects. Serum copper level correlated well with stage of cancer disease (r = 0.70 to 0.79) except for ovarian carcinoma, in which serum copper level was already significantly elevated in Stages I and II. The sensitivity of serum copper level greater than 150 micrograms/dl in detecting malignancy was 87% to 100% in late cancer stages in all malignancies. Our data imply that the addition of serum copper level determination to other screening tests could increase their sensitivity.
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PMID:Serum copper level in gynecologic malignancies. 360 73


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