Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 54-year-old man underwent abdominoperineal resection for carcinoma of the rectum. Three months later, neurologic signs and symptoms developed. A brain scan, as well as angiographic studies, demonstrated a space-occupying lesion in the right parietal area. A solitary tumor was removed at craniotomy. Histologic examination revealed a metastatic adenocarcinoma with a rectal primary tumor. For two years the patient remained well, but then signs of local perineal recurrence developed. Treatment with cobalt irradiation and chemotherapy was unsuccessful. Autopsy revealed local recurrence with numerous distant metastases; however, examination of the brain failed to show a recurrent metastatic focus.
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PMID:Rectal carcinoma with solitary cerebral metastasis: report of a case and review of the literature. 46 80

Serial CT studies performed for 1 year on a female patient suffering from a pinealoma are reported. Under cobalt therapy (5000 rads) a remission of the pinealoma was achieved. A short time later, metastases developed and cobalt therapy was repeated (6000 rads). Rapid tumor remission was seen again, but rapid occurrence of probable metastases too. The question whether radionecrosis or metastases were present cannot be answered.
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PMID:Serial CT studies of a metastatic pinealoma with reference to the radiotherapeutic problems. 59 45

The author gives the results of treatment exclusively using physical agents (tele-cobalt therapy, radium therapy) in a series of 431 cases of epitheliomata of the cervix between 1959 and 1969. The analysis is of 399 patients and 32 carcinomata of the cervical stump (9 cases that were lost to follow-up and 12 who died of coincidental diseases have not been taken account of). The classification which has been adopted is that approved by U.I.C.C. in 1969. External irradiation, which was always carried out before radium treatment, varied in importance according to the stage of the disease: doses of from 2,000 to 5,000 rads were given to the whole pelvis in interrupted doses of 1,000 rads a week in from to to five weeks followed by classical radium treatment (the Paris method) by colpostat and an intra-uterine tube. As a result the number of mgh was lowered and the dose given was inversely proportionate to that of external irradiation. This type of treatment was on the whole well tolerated by most patients and nearly always complications were limited to minor digestive troubles which are not followed by the late after-effects usually found. The 5 years follow-up results give only one death in 19 cases with a stage T1 lesion. 72 cures were found in 93 patients with a stage T2a lesion (77%). 46 patients were cured out of 87 (53%) when the stage was T2b. 54 out of 131 (41%) were cured with stage T3a and 13 out of 46 (28%) with stage T3b. Furthermore these results improved as the years passed and for the period 1967 to 1969 reached 92% for stage T2a, 62% for stage T2b, 53% for stage T3a and 30% for stage T3b. The improvement in results seems to have been brought about by external irradiation, which plays, its part in sterilising macroscopic infiltrations in the pelvis or microscopic ones, in reducing inflammatory phenomena and in lessening the size of the cervix. This latter means that radium therapy can be administered in more favourable conditions. Radium therapy still remains an indispensable weapon for sterilising the primary lesion. The author compares the results that have been obtained in this way with those that have been reported in the literature and develops his arguments in favour of associating the tecnhiques of external irradiation and radium therapy, following a well-defined order. These techniques are particularly valuable in stages T2b and T3 in which lymph node involvement is concerned and for which sterilisation requires doses of the order of 5,000 to 6,000 rads. In conclusion, the possibilities of improving the results in the future by considering how to treat the lumbo-aortic area, the frequent site of metastases in the lymph nodes, and which deserves treatment at the same time as the area of the pelvis, are analysed.
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PMID:[Epitheliomas of the cervis uteri: exclusive radio-curietherapy in 431 cases (32 of them residual cervices) treated between 1959 and 1969]. 81 56

80 patients with carcinoma of the nasopharynx classified according to TNM categories who have been treated in the RRTI between January 1947 and January 1966 are discussed. During 1947-1957 patients were treated by orthovoltage, and after this period by cobalt machine. The actuarial 5-year survival rate was 35%. Various factors such as age, sex, sign and symptoms, TNM classification, histology and type of treatment are discussed and related to the incidence of:local recurrence 27% (20/73); regional recurrence 29% (17/58); invasion of the base of the skull 21% (16/78); regional metastases 38% (30/78); distant metastases 49% (38/78), and to 5-year survival 33% (26/80). An overview is given of the present method of treatment in the RRTI based on the data in literature and obtained in this analysis.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the nasopharynx treated in the RRTI. 83 Mar 16

150 cases of prostate cancer treated with estrogens at the Urology clinic of the Hotel-Dieu from 1963 to 1974 are presented. The men ranged in age from 50 to 91; the majority were 60-69 years. Their clinical stages were 29% Stage 1, no perceptible mass; 43% Stage 2, nodule felt on rectal exam; 13% Stage 3, tumor extended outside the prostate but not metastases, normal prostatic phosphatases; and 15% Stage 4, elevated prostatic phasphatases and metastases. Diagnosis was by urinary symptoms in Stage 2 or above, rectal palpation, and puncture biopsy under local anesthesia. Estrogen treatment consisted of diethylstilbestrol, stilbelstrol diphosphate or TACE (Chlorotraianisene), or estradiol. Estrogen side effects were loss of libido after 1 month, gynecomastia, and nausea. Other treatments included prostatectomy in Stages 1 and 2, cobalt in 5 cases, castration in 3 cases, 1 endo-uretral resection, and 1 hypophysectomy. 50% died in 1 year and 16% were lost to follow up and presumed dead in 1 year; the mean survival of the others was 3 years. Estrogen therapy improved symptoms and reversed tumor growth temporarily in hormone-dependent cancers, but these tumors all escape hormone control eventually.
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PMID:[Course of prostate cancer under estrogen therapy]. 87 31

A brief survey of bibliography on heart and pericardial metastases resulting from bronchial carcinoma is followed by a report on our autopsy findings in 110 patients suffering from bronchial carcinoma. In 29 cases, i.e. 26 p.c., heart and pericardial metastases were found. In three cases, only the heart was affected, in 16 cases only the pericardium, and in 10 cases both heart and pericardium were involved. In 27 cases, they were spread by way of the blood and were mostly part of a general formation of hematogenous metastases. In-growth exclusively from primary tumour regions was found only in two cases. In 19 cases, metastases were both hematogenous and grown-in per continuitatem. Anatomicopathologically, 18 patients had a small cell carcinoma, 10 a squamous cell carcinoma, and one showed an adenocarcinoma. While 15, i.e. 14%, of our 110 patients, on whom we performed an autopsy, had died from arrosion bleeding, this was true only in one case in the group of 29 patients with heart and pericardial metastases. Radiation side effects in the form of lung and pericardial fibroses in the patients, who had generally been treated with cobalt 60 gamma rays, were confirmed by autopsy findings only in one third in both cases as compared with the findings by X-ray diagnosis during life. Lung fibroses were found in 16 cases (14%), and pericardial fibroses in 6 cases (5.5%). They were not strictly dependent on the dose.
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PMID:[Heart and pericardial metastases resulting from bronchial carcinoma. Side effects of radiotherapy (author's transl)]. 87 67

Thyroid carcinomas rarely metastasize to the skin. In three patients skin metastases following follicular, papillo-follicular and medullary carcinomas were seen. In two cases the metastatic spread was haematogenous, in a third patient with a retrosternal thyroid carcinoma there was massive spread through the anterior thoracic wall. The diagnosis was made on histological invesitgation of the skin lesions and after total body scintigraphy with 131I. In one seemingly-healthy patient the histological investigation of skin nodule first led to the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. If skin metastases occur several years after the discovery of a visceral tumour the possibility of a second primary tumour should be considered. The results of combined treatment with with surgery, radio-therapy, (radioiodine and tele-cobalt) and hormone treatment show that skin metastases in thyroid carcinoma do not necessarily have a hopeless prognosis.
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PMID:[Skin metastases in thyroid carcinoma (author's transl)]. 100 Nov 92

This paper presents the results of a retrospective clinical study of 250 cases of monocentric carcinoma of the mucosal surface of the cheek, i.e. all the primaries treated by radiotherapy at our Institute between January 1948 and December 1965. Neoplastic lesions found at follow-up were regarded as marginal recurrences if in the proximity of the treated area and as secondary tumors in other cases. From 1948 to 1957 conventional radium therapy was the usual treatment for the primary tumor whereas from 1958 to 1965 cobalt teletherapy was given most frequently. Surgery was reserved for lymph node metastases when present on clinical examination. In our experience radiotherapy is effective in cancers of the mucosal surface of the cheek, for it checked local spread in 50.9% of cases, however treated and regardless of initial clinical appearance, whereas in the T1-T2 cases the local failure rate dropped to 35.8%. The higher the T level the greater are the difficulties confronting radiotherapy; for more extensive lesions appropriate combination therapy (radiosurgical) in line with the well-defined rules explained in the text is useful. In our experience radiotherapy yields good long term results regardless of T level and even in the more unfavorable cases. Our study confirms the low rate of lymph spread of these carcinomas: over half of the patients were N0 before treatment; only 56.7% of the patients receiving surgical treatment on the neck had histologically positive lymph nodes; there were very few neck recurrences at follow-up; the presence of suspect or frankly metastatic nodes on clinical examination, being movable and homolateral (N1), did not worsen the prognosis. However, considering the techniques used for irradiation of the primary, some patients received a substantial dose to the neck; hence radiotherapy probably played its part in the low rate of neck metastases.
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PMID:[Results of radiotherapy in a series of 250 carcinomas of the mucosal surface of the cheek (author's transl)]. 103 Aug 65

The authors report 8 cases of lympho-reticulosarcoma of the colon and emphasize the rareness of this tumour (10 percent of cases) compared with other localisations in the stomach and small intestine. Whether primary or secondary, lymphosarcoma of the colon has various radiological appearances, depending on the mode of development of the sarcoma in the wall of the colon. Mainly sub-mucosal, it may remain localised or extend to the whole of the colon, predominating in the ileo-coecal and recto-sigmoid regions. Localised tumour forms present either in the form of large polycyclic lacunae, sometimes invaginated or as vast ulcerations with irregular nodular margin, or as due to parietal infiltration and exoluminal development of the tumour mass and neighbouring adenopathy. It is sometimes confused with carcinoma of the colon, e.g. vegetating carcinoma, colloid carcinoma, or peritoneal metastases, or with a regional abscess, e.g. appendix abscess or diverticulosis. The correct diagnosis is made on operation. The extensive colonic forms rarely take on the appearance of lymphoid pseudopolyposis, more often that of a very unusual nodular form formed of hazy lenticular lacunae. It may be confused with nodular colitis, it differs from this, however, by the absence of ulceration, changes in caliber and the persistance of normal haustration, a reticulated appearance of the mucosal outline during evacuation of the barium. In all cases, the discovery of a colonic lympho-reticulosarcoma implies complete digestive radiological investigation in order to seek gastric, duodenal or intestinal localisations, together with a search for other extra-digestive localisations. In fact, the great diffusion of the lesions modifies the prognosis and the therapeutic attitude. These lymphosarcomas and reticulosarcomas of the colon have a similar pathological and radiological appearance but differ by their sensitivity to treatment with cobalt, as reticulosarcomas are more resistant.
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PMID:[Pathological, clinical and radiological study of colonic lympho-reticulosarcoma. Report of 8 cases (author's transl)]. 109 45

204 patients with lip cancer (squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma) were irradiated with soft x-ray and cobalt-radiation respectively after histological examination of the tumor. Available observations were supplied by 190 patients. Distribution according to age and histology, the size of the tumor, as well as the therapeutic results and the recurrence rates are reported. 96,6% of the tumors which showed no metastases at the beginning of the treatment remained recurrence-free after radiation. Early diagnosis, the necessity of treatment and the problem of prophylaxis are emphasized.
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PMID:[Clinical picture and roentgen therapy of lip carcinomas]. 120 43


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