Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The carcinogenicity of nickel subsulfide (alpha Ni3S2) was studied following intrarenal (i.r.) injection in rats. Within 100 weeks after i.r. injection of 5 mg of alpha Ni3S2, renal cancers were found in 64 percent of Wistar-Lewis rats, 50 percent of NIH Black rats, 28 percent of Fischer rats and 0 percent of Long-Evans rats. These findings demonstrate significant differences in susceptibilities of the four rat strains to alpha Ni3S2-induction of renal cancers. No renal cancers were found in male Fischer rats that received i.r. injection of alpha Ni3S2 in dosages of 0.6, 1.2 or 2.5 mg. In male Fischer rats that received i.r. injection of alpha Ni3S2 in dosages of 5 or 10 mg, the incidences of renal cancers were 28 percent and 75 percent, respectively. These findings demonstrate a dose response relationship for alpha Ni3S2-induction of renal cancers. In male Fischer rats that received i.r. injection of 10 mg of alpha Ni3S2 combined with 6.9 mg of Mn dust, the incidence of renal cancers was 32 percent, which differed significantly from the corresponding incidences of 75 percent and 0 percent in rats that received i.r. injections of only alpha Ni3S2 (10 mg) or Mn dust (6.9 mg). These findings demonstrate that alpha Ni3S2-induction of renal cancers is inhibited by simultaneous administration of manganese dust. The 54 renal tumors that were found in this study were all malignant, and distant metastases were present in 69 percent of tumor-bearing rats. The histogenesis of alpha Ni3S2-induced renal tumors from epithelial or mesenchymal progenitor cells could not be definitely established.
 ...
PMID:Induction of renal cancers in rats by intrarenal injection of nickel subsulfide. 52 55

Manganese (II) N,N'-dipyridoxylethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetate-5,5'-bis(phosphate) (DPDP) was evaluated as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (1.5 T) of focal liver lesions in 40 patients. Doses of 5 and 10 mumol/kg were administered intravenously. Mn-DPDP-enhanced T1-weighted images were compared quantitatively and subjectively with standard T1- and T2-weighted nonenhanced images. Use of Mn-DPDP resulted in a statistically significant increase in signal intensity of liver parenchyma in T1-weighted images at both doses. No enhancement was seen in metastases, cholangiocarcinomas, or lymphomas, while all hepatocellular carcinomas were enhanced. Enhancement was seen in focal nodular hyperplasia and in regenerative nodules. The lesion-to-liver contrast in Mn-DPDP-enhanced gradient-recalled-echo images was superior to that of all precontrast images (P less than .01). The number of nonenhancing malignant liver lesions detected in spin-echo (SE) images was increased (272 in T2-weighted SE images vs 390 in T1-weighted Mn-DPDP-enhanced SE images). Image interpretation (eg, visualization and demarcation of the lesions) was markedly better in Mn-DPDP-enhanced images than in all precontrast images (P less than .001).
 ...
PMID:Focal liver lesions: MR imaging with Mn-DPDP--initial clinical results in 40 patients. 172 73

Twenty patients with focal liver lesions (18 metastases, 1 hepatocellular carcinoma, 1 cholangiocarcinoma) were given manganese DPDP as part of a multicentric phase II study of paramagnetic hepatobiliary MR contrast media. 5 mumol/kg manganese DPDP were injected into 10 patients in a concentration of 50 mumol/ml or 10 mumol/ml (3 ml/min). Blood pressure, pulse rate, ECG, respiratory rate, body temperature, blood and serum parameters and the patients' subjective feelings were recorded. MRI was performed with 1.5 T using T1- and T2-weighted sequences. 6 patients reported 8 side effects (flushing, feeling of warmth, metallic taste); 7 of these were produced by the 50 mumol concentration. Two hours after injection there was a significant reduction in alkaline phosphatase which was no longer present after 24 hours. On T1-weighted images manganese DPDP resulted in marked improvement in the contrast difference between the lesions and the liver parenchyma which resulted in a marked increase in the signal to noise ratio. Comparing the two concentrations, better results were obtained by the lower concentration. Extrahepatic uptake was found in the gallbladder, duodenum, pancreas, kidneys, gastric mucosa and myocardium. Manganese DPDP in a concentration of 10 mumol/ml and a dose of 5 mumol/kg is a well tolerated contrast medium which improves the demonstration of focal liver lesions in view of its distribution and uptake. The mechanisms for the transitory side effects require further studies.
 ...
PMID:[Manganese DPDP as a contrast medium for MR tomography of focal liver lesions. Tolerance and image quality in 20 patients]. 145 88

Two cases of stereotactically induced and spontaneously metastasizing neoplasms in the rat and the cat brain are reported. In the rat, a malignant Schwannoma derived from initially supratentorially implanted RN6 cells developed a second tumor in the posterior cranial fossa. In the cat, a highly malignant polymorphous anaplastic glioma induced by implantation of cloned rat glioma cells (F98) into the left internal capsule developed small tumor cell nests along the ependyma of the ipsilateral ventricle. In precontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of both cases, the primary tumor was detectable only by a very weak hypointensity and through a shift of the midline. No metastases were apparent. Application of the metallated paramagnetic porphyrin derivative manganese(III) tetraphenylporphine sulfonate (MnTPPS) resulted in a remarkable contrast enhancement between tumoral and normal tissue, which was evident not only in the primary tumor but also in the small metastases. These observations demonstrate for the first time that MnTPPS is an efficient MRI contrast agent for the detection of metastases from primary brain neoplasms and, in consequence, support the hypothesis of its selective binding to tumor cells.
Clin Exp Metastasis 1992 Sep
PMID:Identification of intracranial liqor metastases of experimental stereotactically implanted brain tumors by the tumor-selective MRI contrast agent MnTPPS. 150 24

The development and clinical studies of contrast agents for cross-sectional abdominal imaging presently focus on the diagnosis of liver diseases and suitable oral contrast agents for MR imaging. The well-known paramagnetic agent, gadopentetate dimeglumine is now used for improving the differential diagnosis of liver lesions such as focal nodular hyperplasia in dynamic MR studies. Preclinical studies and initial clinical trials indicate that the new paramagnetic hepatobiliary contrast agent, manganese dipyridoxal diphosphate, might improve the sensitivity of MR imaging in the detection of liver lesions. With respect to dynamic contrast-enhanced CT in the detection of liver lesions, interest has focused on the question of the optimal scanning technique. Promising results have been obtained in initial studies of contrast agents for sonography, called microbubbles. This substance produces good visualization of the vascular status of liver tumors. Nuclear medicine somatostatin receptor imaging may be of special clinical interest because it allows even very small somatostatin-positive metastases to be detected and thus provides specific information for therapy planning in patients with positive scan results. Initial studies have shown that using contrast enhancement with MR imaging of the pancreas improves the contrast between pancreatic tissue and lesions. Manganese dipyridoxal diphosphate is taken up by pancreatic tissue, though the exact mechanism remains to be clarified, and may therefore have potential as a future MR contrast agent for evaluation of the pancreas. A number of oral MR contrast agents have now been tested in larger clinical trials. Both positive and negative oral agents are safe and well tolerated and achieve the aim of reliably delineating the gastrointestinal tract from other organs and pathologies in the abdomen.
 ...
PMID:Contrast materials for cross-sectional imaging of the abdomen. 158 Nov 39

Using unselected and selected B16 melanoma cell lines, we examined the relationship between homotypic aggregation properties and the potential to form experimental metastatic lung colonies. The B16 sublines were selected in vitro from a line with relatively low homotypic aggregation kinetics and experimental metastatic potential (B16-F1) by successive steps of cell aggregation, followed by separation of cell aggregates from single cells. The selected sublines possessed significantly higher rates of aggregation than did the parental cell line and, when injected intravenously as single cells, formed greater numbers of lung tumor colonies. The aggregation kinetics of the parental and selected cell lines were dependent on divalent cations, with the following order of selectivity: Ca2+ greater than Mn2+ much greater than Mg2+. Syngeneic and xenogeneic serum components and the protease inhibitor leupeptin enhanced the aggregation kinetics of various B16 cell lines. The results support the proposal that a positive correlation exists between increased homotypic adhesion and experimental metastatic potential.
Clin Exp Metastasis
PMID:Malignant melanoma cell lines selected in vitro for increased homotypic adhesion properties have increased experimental metastatic potential. 379 26

Solid tumors were induced by implantation of 5 X 10(6) Ehrlich carcinoma cells im into the right flank of 8- to 12-week-old female CBA/J mice. Tumor-bearing mice were killed at 0, 2, 4, 10, or 24 days after im implantation of the tumor cells, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were determined in liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs, and leg muscle. Depressed SOD activities were seen in all organs studied. In liver, spleen, and kidneys, the manganese SOD (MnSOD) activities were depressed at some point after implantation, even though microscopic examination revealed no evidence of metastases in these organs. Cytochrome c oxidase activity was not diminished in any of the tissues studied, indicating that the decline in MnSOD was not due to a decline in the number of mitochondria or to a general decline in mitochondrial enzymes. When the tumor cells were dialyzed against 0.9% saline, the dialysate contained a factor that when injected im also inhibited SOD activity.
 ...
PMID:Lowered superoxide dismutase activity in distant organs of tumor-bearing mice. 658 84

Twenty-nine patients with known or suspected focal hepatic disease were evaluated in a retrospective multi-institutional study comparing T1-weighted manganese (II) N,N'-dipyridoxylethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetate 5,5'-bis (phosphate) (DPDP) enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with dynamic sequential bolus contrast enhanced computed tomography (DBCT) for the detection of focal liver lesions. The patients were divided into four dose groups, receiving 3, 5, 8, or 10 mumol/kg of Mn-DPDP, delivered either via intravenous bolus (0.25 ml/sec) or infusion (1 ml/sec). Each of three readers, with varying levels of expertise in interpreting hepatic MRI and CT studies, identified more lesions on the Mn-DPDP enhanced MRI than the contrast enhanced CT images. Mn-DPDP enhanced MRI depicted the presence of extensive metastatic disease not seen with DBCT in three patients with fatty liver. The most experienced MRI reader saw more lesions per patient on the Mn-DPDP enhanced MRI than with DBCT, while the opposite held true for the most experienced CT reader. The best single exam for detection of hepatic lesions may be determined by the experience of the reader.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of contrast enhanced CT and Mn-DPDP enhanced MRI for detection of focal hepatic lesions. Initial findings. 818 Aug 55

Manganese (II) N,N'-dipyridoxylethylenediamine-N,N' diacetate 5,5'-bis(phosphate) (MnDPDP) is a hepatobiliary agent that is incorporated into the hepatocyte. We retrospectively reviewed our experience with 39 focal liver lesions in 20 patients studies with MnDPDP-enhanced hepatic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to determine whether hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) could be differentiated from tumors of nonhepatocyte origin (metastases, cavernous hemangiomas, etc.) For all cases, liver parenchyma enhanced significantly following MnDPDP administration. All HCCs (6) showed significant tumor enhancement resulting in decreased tumor conspicuity compared to precontrast images [average 37% decrease in tumor-liver contrast to noise ratio (C/N)]. In contradistinction, other focal liver lesions showed little or no tumor enhancement resulting in increased lesion conspicuity (average 100% increase in tumor-liver C/N ratio). Our preliminary data suggest that MnDPDP-enhanced MR images may enable differentiation of HCC from other focal liver masses of nonhepatocyte origin.
 ...
PMID:Differentiation of hepatomas from nonhepatomatous masses: use of MnDPDP-enhanced MR images. 829 10

Prostatic carcinoma cells have a propensity to metastasize to bone, and we propose that this phenomenon may be promoted by the adhesion of metastatic cells to bone matrix. Bone matrix is produced by osteoblasts, and we have developed an in vitro model of bone matrix by isolating the substratum deposited by human osteoblast-like U2OS cells. The collagenous nature of this matrix was demonstrated by the incorporation of [3H]proline and its subsequent release by purified collagenase. Both U2OS matrix and purified type I collagen stimulated the adhesion of human PC-3 prostatic carcinoma cells. Human laminin supported adhesion to a much lesser extent, and PC-3 cells did not adhere to fibronectin. Adhesion of PC-3 cells to U2OS matrix closely resembled adhesion to purified type I collagen with respect to (a) inhibition by a collagen-derived peptide and by antibodies raised against alpha 2 or beta 1 integrin collagen receptor subunits; (b) lack of inhibition by RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) peptides; (c) stimulation by Mn2+ and Mg2+ ions but not by Ca2+ ion; and (d) stimulation by the phorbol ester PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate). This adhesion was also stimulated (2.3-fold) by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), which is a major bone-derived growth factor. We conclude that human osteoblast-like matrix is an adhesive substrate for PC-3 prostate carcinoma cells. This adhesion appears to be mediated by the interaction of alpha 2 beta 1 integrin on PC-3 cells with matrix-derived collagen. The stimulation of this adhesion by TGF-beta suggests that the co-expression of TGF-beta and type I collagen in bone may synergistically facilitate the adhesion of metastatic cells to bone matrix proteins and thereby increase their localization in the skeleton.
Clin Exp Metastasis 1996 Jan
PMID:Bone cell matrix promotes the adhesion of human prostatic carcinoma cells via the alpha 2 beta 1 integrin. 852 12


1 2 3 Next >>