Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Magnetically responsive albumin microspheres containing doxorubicin and magnetite (Fe3O4) were selectively targeted to Yoshida sarcoma tumors in rats by utilizing an extracorporeal magnet. Tumor cells were inoculated subcutaneously in the tail of rats, and the tumors were allowed to grow to an average size of 9 X 45 mm prior to initiating treatment. Drug-bearing microspheres (0.5 mg of doxorubicin per kg of body weight) were infused proximal to the tumor through the ventral caudal artery while the tumor was exposed to an external magnetic field of 5500 Oe for 30 min. Control animals received free doxorubicin administered either intravenously (5 mg/kg) or infused intraarterially (5 and 0.5 mg/kg), drug-bearing microspheres infused intraarterially (0.5mg/kg), without the external magnet, or placebo microspheres with magnetic localization. Of the 12 animals treated with a single dose in the experimental group, 9 exhibited total remission of the tumor, representing a disappearance of tumors as large as 60 mm in length. Marked tumor regression was observed in the remaining three rats, and no deaths or metastases occurred in the experimental group. In contrast, significant increases in tumor size with widespread metastases occurred in all control groups and most rats died. These experiments indicate that targeting of oncolytic agents to solid neoplasms by magnetic microspheres may be a means of increasing the efficacy and decreasing the toxicity of antitumor agents.
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PMID:Tumor remission in Yoshida sarcoma-bearing rts by selective targeting of magnetic albumin microspheres containing doxorubicin. 694 Dec 58

In a study made in the follow-up clinic on 684 patients with mammary carcinoma it was found that there were 64 cases of local recurrence and 244 cases of distant metastases. In both groups the serum iron and the serum copper balance in blood tests, in relation to the clinical proof of local recurrence and/or distant metastases, was investigated. It was found that there were 43.7% pathological serum iron and serum copper findings with local recurrences and 62.7% with distant metastases. The drift apart tendency of the blood serum values in patients with distant metastases could be proved in 78.7% of the cases and in 77.5% of the cases before any clinical proof. Thus, these observations allow the statement that the blood serum iron and serum copper imbalance in blood tests is of very real value in the early diagnosis of distant metastases.
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PMID:[Serum iron and serum copper balance in the early diagnosis of metastases of breast cancer]. 700 46

An Old English Sheepdog developed multiple tumor-like masses bilaterally on the head, back, elbows, and hocks, and severe swelling of all digital pads. The gross lesions were the result of accumulation of myxedematous connective tissue in the dermis. Abundant glycosaminoglycan-rich ground substance was confirmed by colloidal iron, toluidine blue and alcian blue stains. The dog also had a mixed follicular-compact cellular carcinoma in the left thyroid gland. The right thyroid had a tumor composed of anaplastic mesenchymal cells forming myxomatous matrix and islands of abnormal cartilage closely integrated, and possibly contiguous, with a follicular-compact cellular carcinoma. The cellular atypism and numerous aberrant mitotic figures in the mesenchymal areas suggested malignancy, although pulmonary metastases derived only from the thyroid carcinoma. Clinically, the dog showed no signs of hypo- or hyperthyroidism, although a resting serum T-4 was slightly below normal.
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PMID:Multifocal myxedema and mixed thyroid neoplasm in a dog. 746 66

The clinical tolerability and diagnostic value of Resovist as a new superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast medium was studied in 30 patients with malignant focal liver lesions (28 metastases, 2 HCC) within a phase II multicenter study. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at 1.0 Tesla with T1-weighted FLASH- and T2-weighted spin echo sequences before and following intravenous injection of Resovist at three different dose groups (4, 8 and 16 mumol Fe/kg). Liver signal intensity was significantly reduced on post-contrast images, while malignant focal liver lesions showed no signal changes. Resovist improved tumor liver contrast and lesion-conspicuity, especially for lesions smaller than 1 cm. The dose of 8 mumol Fe/kg was sufficient to achieve diagnostic tumor-liver contrast. Compared to images directly after injection, the number of detected lesions did not improve until 70 min later. There were no significant changes in vital signs (heart rate, blood pressure) or laboratory values until 72 h post-injection.
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PMID:[New super-paramagnetic iron particles for MRI. Phase II study of malignant liver tumors]. 756 92

In this report, we present and discuss the signal intensity of brain metastases from colon cancer on both T1- and T2-weighted images. In five of 6 cases, metastases were seen as markedly hypointense areas on T2-weighted images. This finding should alert one to the possibility of a primary cancer of the colon. Some haemorrhagic metastases from other malignancies also showed marked hypointensity. They usually exhibited hyperintensity on T1-weighted images. A case of colon metastasis was also haemorrhagic, and in this case a hyperintense area was observed on T1-weighted images. The marked hypointense area corresponded to peripheral necrosis and probably some viable tumour. Aetiologically, such hypointensity was not induced by severe fibrosis, calcification or excessive iron deposition.
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PMID:Signal intensity of brain metastases on T2-weighted images: specificity for metastases from colonic cancers. 827 66

The diagnostic value of superparamagnetic iron particles as a tissue-specific MR contrast medium of the reticulo-endothelial system was studied in 30 patients. All patients had liver metastases (maximally 5 known metastases on MR). The patients were examined on a 1.5 Tesla scanner before and after a slow intravenous injection of iron particles (AMI-25) at a dose of 15 mumol/kg. Contrast injection led to a significant reduction of signal strength in the liver parenchyma (p < or = 0.001) but not in the metastases. Contrast enhanced spin echo sequences (SE 2300/45) provided the most marked liver/tumour contrast, greater than the contrast values of T1- and T2-weighted images (p < or = 0.01). After the intravenous injection of iron particles, small metastases in particular are more easily demonstrated. A new, rapid T2-weighted pulse sequence (PSIF 10/15/15 degrees) results in the elimination of vascular signals and leads to better differentiation between lesions and intrahepatic vessels. The use of superparamagnetic iron particles as an MR contrast medium improves the demonstration of liver metastases.
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PMID:[Superparamagnetic iron particles. The clinical results in the MR diagnosis of liver metastases]. 830 93

Scintigraphy with technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate (MDP) delineates a wide spectrum of nonosseous disorders. Neoplastic, hormonal, inflammatory, ischemic, traumatic, excretory, and artifactual entities demonstrate abnormal soft-tissue uptake of Tc-99m MDP. Mechanisms leading to increased extraosseous Tc-99m MDP uptake include extracellular fluid expansion, enhanced regional vascularity and permeability, and elevated tissue calcium concentration. The composition of the calcium deposition and the presence of other metallic ions (eg, iron and magnesium) are important. Soft-tissue Tc-99m MDP uptake is seen in benign (tumoral calcinosis, myositis ossificans) and malignant (sarcomas, adenocarcinomas, metastases) neoplastic entities. Hormonal disturbances in calcium metabolism, especially in hyperparathyroidism, can lead to metastatic calcification, visualized with Tc-99m MDP scintigraphy. Tissue damage from inflammation, infection, or physical trauma results in localized hyperemia, edema, or calcium (and hemosiderin) deposition based on their pathophysiologic characteristics. Urinary tract obstruction, anomalies, or dysfunction are demonstrated by Tc-99m MDP imaging. Common artifacts are related to faulty radiopharmaceutical preparation, Tc-99m MDP administration, and imaging technique. Recognition of these modes of extraskeletal Tc-99m MDP uptake can enhance the diagnostic value of bone scintigraphy.
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PMID:Extraosseous Tc-99m MDP uptake: a pathophysiologic approach. 835 64

Carcinoid of the thymus rarely occurs during childhood. The authors identified eight cases in patients younger than 17 years of age. All were associated with Cushing syndrome. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) produced by the tumor may be released intermittently, delaying the findings of Cushing syndrome. The authors describe a case of ectopic ACTH production in a teenaged boy who had longstanding hyperpigmentation, increased ACTH levels, and normal cortisol levels. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary had normal findings. Subsequently, severe Cushing syndrome developed. Computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest showed a mediastinal mass that proved to be a thymic carcinoid. The lesion was inoperable. Radiation and chemotherapy were of limited benefit. Metyrapone was used to control hypercortisolism. The patient died with extensive metastases 6 years after initial presentation. CT scans of the chest should be performed in an attempt to localize ectopic ACTH-producing tumors. Surgical excision of the lesion is the treatment of choice. Control of hypercortisolism is essential.
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PMID:Adrenocorticotropic hormone--producing thymic carcinoid in a teenager. 838 Jan 12

MR images of the iliac lymph nodes of 25 VX2 carcinoma-bearing rabbits and of 5 tumor-free rabbits were obtained at 1.5 T before and after endolymphatic administration of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIO) at a dose of 1 mumol Fe per extremity. Imaging results were correlated with histology. In unenhanced images intranodal metastases were not detectable with any of the pulse sequences used and the signal intensities of tumor-free and metastatic lymph nodes did not differ significantly. After administration of the contrast medium, a significant signal loss (p < or = 0.05) occurred in the healthy lymph node tissue, whereas the signal intensity of lymph node metastases remained unchanged. In SPIO enhanced images, the threshold size for detection of lymph node metastases was 2 mm. Metastatic involvement was detected in 28 of the 30 tumorous lymph nodes with the SE 2000/15 sequence but in a smaller number of lymph nodes with the sequences SE 500/22 (n = 27) and 2000/65 (n = 21).
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PMID:MR lymphography using iron oxide particles. Detection of lymph node metastases in the VX2 rabbit tumor model. 842 41

Clear cell eccrine carcinomas of the skin are rare and have been reported with several names. Of the 47 cases found in the literature, only one had the lesion in the sole. The present case is a 38 year old woman with an 18 year history of a 3.2 cm lesion in the lateral portion of the sole in the right foot. The patient developed inguinal metastases four and five months after the plantar resection, and suffered a local recurrence on two occasions. The histopathologic analysis of the sole lesion showed a neoplasm with more than 80% of clear cells, and less clear cells in the metastatic and recurrent lesions. Clear cells showed diffuse positivity to PAS with diastase lability. PAS reactivity was related to the presence of clear cells. Focal reactivity of mucin and colloidal iron in sebaceous-like cells and tubular structures was seen. Also, we found diffuse cytoplasmic and membrane surface positivity of epithelial membrane antigen in the clear cells, and focal in poroid and sebaceous cells and in tubular structures. The carcinoembryonic antigen showed a focal positivity in poroid and sebaceous cells and in tubular structures. We also identified focal positivity of S-100 protein in the sebaceous-like cells. Cytophotometric measurement of the nuclear DNA showed euploid cells in the primary and metastatic lesions. We conclude that clear cell eccrine carcinomas comprise a heterogeneous group of lesions with variable biological behavior, but with morphological, histochemical and immunohistochemical markers useful in their diagnosis.
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PMID:[Clear-cell eccrine carcinoma of the plantar region. Follow-up of a case using histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry]. 881 85


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