Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with clinical and biochemical evidence of ectopic ACTH production is described. Autopsy revealed endocrine tumors of bronchus and pancreas with metastases to the liver, kidney, abdominal lymph nodes, and bone. Immunohistochemical methods established that the bronchial and pancreatic tumors were separate primary neoplasms each with its own hormone production; and allowed us to determine that the bronchial carcinoid was the source of ACTH and gave rise to the liver metastases, and that insulin was present in the cells of the pancreatic islet cell tumor. These methods also revealed a mild C-cell hyperplasia of the thyroid gland. We wish to stress the importance of the immunoperoxidase method in the evaluation of this and similar polyendocrine cases.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical evaluation of a complex endocrinopathy. 625 81

Twenty-one patients with hyperinsulinism were studied to localize the source of the insulin production. Nineteen patients had pancreatic tumors and two patients studied after pancreatectomy had hepatic metastases. Of the 19 pancreatic tumors, 16 were identified by angiography. CT found six tumors in 14 patients studied while sonography correctly localized only three of 12 tumors. Neither CT nor sonography was positive in those patients with a negative arteriogram. Noninvasive imaging methods can localize large tumors and may be useful for detecting hepatic metastases. Angiography, however, remains the most accurate method for detecting smaller lesions.
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PMID:Localizing insulinomas with combined radiographic methods. 625 78

The diagnosis of glucagonoma was made in a 51 year-old woman who suffered from a polymorphous dermatitis and an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Denutrition was present and there was a previous history of thrombo-embolism. Immunoreactive plasma glucagon was constantly higher than 1 000 pg/ml (N less than 175). Plasma aminoacids were low. After angiographic confirmation, the tumour and part of its hepatic metastases were resected. The dermatitis disappeared soon after. Its recurrence required chemotherapy (successively mithramycin, streptozotocin, DTIC) and good clinical results were obtained. On histological examination, the cutaneous lesions consisted of an epidermal edema, and a bullous intra-epidermic detachment. The pancreatic tumour was of the trabecular type with a very important sclerosis. On electron microscopy, the tumoral cells, some with a syncitial aspect, contained granules of the D1 type. These granules are different from the typical glucagon granules. The clinical and biological features in this case are compared with those of the 41 cases of glucagonoma previously published.
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PMID:[Clinical, biological, histological, ultrastructural and therapeutic studies in one case (author's transl)]. 625 30

Four clinical cases of insulinoma in the dog are described. In each, nervous signs increased in frequency and severity over a period of approximately 4 months. Diagnosis was made on clinical signs, blood glucose concentration, response to glucose therapy and, in the 2 cases in which an radioimmunoassay was performed, blood insulin levels. Differential diagnosis and management regimes for insulinomas are discussed. Neocropsy confirmed the diagnoses in 3 cases, with multiple pancreatic lesions being present in 2, and metastases in all 3.
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PMID:Insulinoma in the dog. 626 31

Diabetic ketoacidosis is an extremely rare manifestation of glucagonoma. We report such a case in a 72-year-old woman known to be diabetic for seven years. The patient was admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis and associated necrolytic migratory erythrema which suggested the diagnosis of glucagonoma. Plasma glucagon levels were increased (569 to 2298 pg/ml). A vascular tumor of the head of the pancreas without obvious hepatic metastases was visualised by angiography. Duodeno-pancreatectomy including the head of the pancreas led to complete recovery of the mucocutaneous lesions and the plasma glucagon level fell (229 pg/ml). The tumor had several histological characteristics suggesting malignancy and a high glucagon content on extraction. Electron microscopy showed multiple A cells and a few isolated B cells. Most of the cells showed immunoreactivity with anti-glucagon and anti-glicentine antibodies. Three months after surgery, the diabetes was again required treatment with insulin. Plasma glucagon level was again increased and chemotherapy with dimethyltriazenimidazolecarboxamide was undertaken.
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PMID:[Glucagonoma with diabetic ketoacidosis; case report]. 629 11

Hormone-dependent (HD) mammary tumors can be induced in mice and rats either by endocrine manipulations or by treatment with carcinogens. The tumors metastasize at a low frequency which may be due to immunogenic properties and does not exclude that the tumors are malignant. Hormone deprival may lead to tumor regression. However, regrowth of hormone-independent (HI) tumor cells probably always occur. Estrogens, progesterone, and prolactin are the most important hormones involved in mammary tumor growth, but androgen- and insulin-dependent mammary tumors have also been described. The most important biochemical difference between HD and HI mammary tumors is perhaps the higher hormone receptor content in HD tumors, but high iodide uptake may prove to be the most specific biochemical characteristic of HD tumors. The relevance of rodent mammary tumor models to human breast cancer is discussed.
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PMID:Hormone-dependent mammary tumors in mice and rats as a model for human breast cancer (review). 630 70

Hypoaminoacidemia and skin rash are features of the glucagonoma syndrome. A glucagonoma patient with earlier insulin treated, noninsulin-dependent diabetes, and functional liver metastases, 3 yr postresection of pancreatic tumor, was treated with a high protein diet for 2 wk, then switched to a high carbohydrate diet for 3 wk followed by 3 wk on high protein diet, which continued for 3 months with additional carbohydrate. While on the high protein diet urine nitrogen indicated frank retention and total plasma amino acid levels normalized each time. Plasma amino acid decreased again after 1 wk on the high carbohydrate diet. Skin rash varied irrespective of amino acid levels, but cleared 4 days after resection of metastases. However, total amino acid did not reach normal levels on a conventional diet 3 wk postsurgery, but were normal 6 wk later. A high protein diet can normalize plasma amino acids and allow nitrogen retention in glucagonoma, apparently overriding the gluconeogenic drive of the high circulating glucagon levels. The skin rash may not be only attributed to hypoaminoacidemia.
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PMID:Disappearance of glucagonoma rash after surgical resection, but not during dietary normalization of serum amino acids. 632 Jun 31

MCF-7 cells, a human breast carcinoma line, forms tumors when injected into athymic nude mice. These tumors are able to metastasize to lungs, liver and spleen. 17 beta-estradiol treatment increases both the growth rate and frequency of metastases. Castration or diabetes prevents metastasis formation, but treatment with estrogen or insulin restores the metastasizing capacity. MCF-7 cells secrete into the culture media collagenases able to lyse types I and IV collagens. Estrogen or insulin addition to the culture enhances collagenase production. Attention is called to the coexistence of enhancement in collagenase production and metastasis formation.
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PMID:Formation of metastasis by human breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7) in nude mice. 645 Jun 36

We report herein a rare case of malignant insulinoma which recurred as multiple liver metastasis 8 years after the initial resection. The patient was a 51-year-old Japanese man who originally presented in 1985 at the age of 43 years suffering from general malaise and syncope. The initial surgery in 1985 involved complete enucleation of a 15 x 13 mm insulinoma located in the uncus of the pancreas. Histopathologically, the tumor was diagnosed as a benign adenoma (insulinoma) which was immunohistochemically stained with only the anti-insulin monoclonal antibody. Macroscopically, there were no signs of either invasion or metastasis. During the subsequent 7 years, he did not show any symptoms or significant abnormality in laboratory data. However, in 1993, the patient again experienced syncope with hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. Ultrasonography revealed multiple echogenic lesions in the liver and a second laparotomy confirmed multiple hepatic metastases from insulinoma, the histopathological findings of which were similar to those of the primary tumor from 8 years before. The patient is currently being treated with streptozotocin and 5-fluorouracil via a catheter in the hepatic artery.
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PMID:Malignant insulinoma causing liver metastasis 8 years after the initial surgery: report of a case. 754 77

The cases of three patients with primary carcinoid tumor of the testis were reported. The patients were 41, 44, and 83 years of age. At initial examination, all three had testicular masses with or without associated pain, and none had the carcinoid syndrome. The tumors measured 4.3 cm, 3.0 cm, and 6.5 cm in dimension. All three tumors manifested classic histologic features of carcinoid tumors. The neoplastic cells exhibited argyrophilia, and all were immunoreactive to chromogranin, serotonin, neuron-specific enolase, and cytokeratin. Two tumors had positive test results for gastrin and one had positive test results for substance P and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. No tumors reacted with somatostatin, insulin, pancreatic polypeptide, or placental alkaline phosphatase. Intracytoplasmic, membrane-bound, round-to-elliptical pleomorphic granules were identified by ultrastructural analysis in all cases. DNA flow cytometric analysis revealed a low degree (near-diploid) DNA aneuploidy in all cases, with a DNA index of 1.15 in two tumors and 1.3 in the third tumor. The three patients are alive and well 11 years, 7 years, and 6 months, respectively, after diagnosis. A total of 57 cases of this entity, including the 3 reported here, have been reported. Of these, 43 were pure carcinoid, and 14 were associated with teratoma; 6 (11.6%) patients developed metastases. Tumor size and the presence of carcinoid syndrome have been found to correlate with metastatic potential. Neither tumor necrosis nor local tumor invasion (into vessels, tunica albuginea, etc.) correlated with adverse prognosis. Carcinoid tumor of the testis is a rare indolent neoplasm with potential for distant metastases.
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PMID:Primary carcinoid tumor of testis. Immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and DNA flow cytometric study of three cases with a review of the literature. 768 60


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