Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new bleomycin derivative NK631 was administered in five cases of advanced recurrent oral carcinoma. The visible improvement of the tumor was noted in three cases, and in the cases of lower lip carcinoma the tumor completely disappeared, however, there was no effective change in cases of cervical metastases of the floor of the mouth and tongue carcinoma. The peripheral lymphocyte counts and serum proteins disclosed a characteristic decrease, serum proteins decreased in the albumin fraction and slightly increased in alpha 2-globlin fraction. Main side effects of NK 631 were skin exanthema, alopecia, anorexia, pyrexia, fatigue and bleeding from the tumor lesion. Regarding the lung function, the vital capacity did not change, but PaO and PaCO in blood gas analysis were together observed to slightly decrease, and it may be supposed that the influence of NK631 on the lung function cannot be neglected. T-cell ratio, lymphocyte blastoformation following PHA stimulation, PPD and DNCB skin tests, and phagocytosis test of peripheral leucocytes were studied. The immuno-suppressive effect of KK631 was the same or weak as bleomycin.
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PMID:Effect of a bleomycin derivative on oral carcinoma. A clinical and immunologic study of five cases. 615 49

The effectiveness of Levamisole combined with Mitomycin-C, FT-207 and PS-K for treating gastric cancer was investigated in a prospective randomized controlled study. All patients had undergone gastrectomy during the years from August 1977 to November 1980. Five year survival rates revealed no difference between groups given or not given Levamisole. In those with positive lymph node metastases plus obvious serosal invasion, there was a significant elevation in the survival rate at four years after gastrectomy. The effectiveness of Levamisole was confirmed by postoperative changes in the PPD skin test, lymphocyte blastogenesis to PHA and serum inhibition index.
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PMID:Effects of Levamisole in adjuvant immunochemotherapy for gastric cancer; a prospective randomized controlled study. 642 70

40 patients with benign paraproteinemia have been studied in relation to their age and associated diseases. Significantly high frequency of liver diseases (CALD, cirrhosis, hepatoma, metastases) has been found (12 over 40 people) and increased incidence of idiopathic paraproteinaemia in the old age has been confirmed. 9 patients have been followed for 5 years, so that one could be sure that they had really benign paraproteinaemia: these patients have been then studied from an immunological point of view, in vivo by means of skin tests (PPD, Candida, Trichophyton, DNCB) and in vitro by searching for circulating immune complexes (using a new highly specific immuno-enzymatic method), and compared to controls without paraproteinaemia. Highly positive skin tests have been found only in 7 over 9 patients (even in old subjects) and 6 of them had circulating immune complexes (C.I.C.) in their sera; all the controls were negative both for skin tests and for C.I.C. Immune complexes have been found also in some cases of idiopathic paraproteinaemia, so that they do not seem to be in relation to the associated diseases. The Authors suggest that a genetically determined defect in regulator/suppressor T lymphocyte activity may cause the growth of a benign B cell neoplasm; and that monoclonal immunoglobulins most probably have antibody specificity and are directed against target antigens.
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PMID:[Benign monoclonal gammopathies: probable antibody specificity of monoclonal immunoglobulins]. 664 78

The effects of the specific active cancer immunotherapy utilizing autologous tumor tissue particles polymerised with ethylchlorformiate, and used in combination with PPD tuberculin, were studied with respect to the growth of mastocytoma (P-815 X 2) in DBA/2 mice. As a control material, animals not immunised or immunised only with the nonspecific reticuloendothelial system stimulator, PPD tuberculin, were used. The frequency of the tumor metastases in the organs surveyed (lymph nodes, spleen, liver, kidney, lung and thymus) was lowest in mice having received the specific immunotherapy regimen. Similarly, the signs of tumor rejection by the host (tumor-associated fibrous scar, lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration, and disappearance of the tumor tissue totally or subtotally) were found to be most pronounced in this series of mice. The findings were discussed against the background of the successful clinical trials made with this mode of specific cancer immunotherapy during the recent few years in patients whose neoplasia had escaped the reach of conventional cancer therapy. The findings were also discussed in the light of the mechanisms involved in cancer immunity in general, and a conclusion was drawn that this kind of specific active cancer immunotherapy seems to exert beneficial effects on the host's immune system, and thus seems to contribute to tumor rejection by the host.
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PMID:Experimental cancer immunotherapy in DBA/2 mouse-mastocytoma model utilizing autologous tumor tissue polymerised with ethylchlorformiate. 677 79

One-hundred-two patients with Stage III and IV malignant melanoma were analyzed to determine whether immunologic status in terms of skin testing along with sex and age played a role in recurrence and survival. Before treatment, patients had skin tests with five recall antigens (monilia, mumps, PPD, SK-SD, trichophyton) along with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Univariate statistical analysis revealed sex as the major significant variable with respect to survival for Stage IVB patients, with female patients surviving longer than males. Patients with resected disease and greater SK-SD skin test reactivity tended to survive longer than those with impaired reactivity. Similarly, reactivity to trichophyton was associated with improved survival among patients with metastases. A multivariate analysis of the patients shows improved remission duration with mumps positivity in Stage III and Stage IVA patients. It appears that certain skin tets analyzed in this fashion have prognostic importance in these patients and should be analyzed with other variables of disease status.
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PMID:An analysis of skin tests and their relationship to recurrence and survival in stage III and stage IV melanoma patients. 707 48

The effect of PSK on the induction of intestinal tumors by DMH in Wistar rats was examined. One hundred and fifty-one rats were divided into two groups. Seventy-two rats were treated with DMH alone and 79 rats were treated with DMH and PSK. All animals were subjected to a sequential autopsy and all lesions within the GI tract were examined macroscopically and histologically. Tumor incidence in the DMH and PSK treated group was significantly lower than that in the DMH treated alone, and peritoneal disseminations and distant metastases were also significantly decreased in the PSK treated rats. The number of circulating lymphocytes dropped in the 25th and 35th week in the group treated with DMH alone, but the drop in the PSK treated group was not remarkable. DTH reaction to PPD and antibody forming capacity to SRBC were well maintained in the PSK treated rats than in those treated with DMH alone. The most interesting findings in these experiments were the differences concerning the serum blocking activities and serum immunosuppressive factor in these two groups; these were markedly reduced in PSK-treated rats. From these experiments, the mechanisms may be explained by the competitive action of PSK against the immunosuppressive factor produced by a tumor-bearing host.
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PMID:[Effect of PSK on DMH (dimethyl hydrazine) induction of cancer]. 718 51

Comprehensive immune function by integrated score was assessed in 158 operable, 55 inoperable, and 52 metastatic breast cancer patients relative to 107 healthy controls. The score was derived from in vivo response to PPD and DNCB and in vitro lymphocyte stimulation by PPD and PHA. Proportion of E-RFC was significantly lower in patients than in controls but was not found to correlate directly with the above functional criteria. Fifty-one percent of the patients with early, operable tumors were shown to be at least partially immunosuppressed by integrated score achievement vs. 11% of controls. This proportion rises to 68% of inoperable and 89% of metastatic patients. Quantitative analysis by graded response revealed an additional, significant degree of immune impairment in the respective patient groups by all testing parameters. Depression of immune function in operable patients was not related to age nor influenced by surgery. Immunocompetence of patients with mammary dysplasia did not differ from controls. Increasing size of primary tumor (T) was not found to be matched by progressive degree of immunosuppression, excepting that associated with large T4 tumors. Patients with lymph node involvement (N+) were not significantly immunologically inferior to those without (N0) where the larger operable T2-3) tumors are concerned. In the smallest, T1 tumors, nodal involvement (N+) is accompanied by remarkable immunosuppression relative to T1N0 cases. This finding suggests a pre-existing immune defect inherent in T1N+ patients. It supports the hypothesis that the immunosuppression associated with early breast cancer is primary, patient related. Secondary tumor-induced depression of immune response characterizes advanced and metastatic human breast cancer.
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PMID:Immunocompetence, immunosuppression, and human breast cancer. II. Further evidence of initial immune impairment by integrated assessment effect of nodal involvement (N) and of primary tumor size (T). 737 Sep 52

The prognostic significance of immunocompetence determined at diagnosis was analyzed in 158 operable breast cancer patients followed for 3--6 years, in terms of disease recurrence and of length of disease-free period (DFP) and in 52 patients with metastatic disease in terms of length of survival. In vitro lymphocyte stimulation by PPD and PHA were of higher predictive value with respect to probability of disease recurrence than in vivo cutaneous reactivity to PPD and DNCB. Conversely, length of DFP and of survival were found to correlate better with in vivo than within vitro parameters. Absolute number of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and percent of E-rosette-forming cells (E-RFC) proved devoid of prognostic value. Prognostic separation was best brought out upon analysis by integrated score of immunocompetence, comprising the four functional parameters. Probability of disease recurrence was 0.43 for all operable patients, as calculated by actuarial method 48 months postoperatively; it was 0.26 for optimal and 0.61 for suboptimal responders (P less than 0.0001). Separate analysis of Stage 1 (N0) and Stage II (N+) patients revealed prognostic segregation within each stage: probability of recurrence in Stage I was 0.06 for optimal vs. 0.41 for suboptimal responders (P less than 0.001) and in Stage II it was 0.45 vs. 0.79, respectively (P less than 0.01). These findings may prove valuable for a more selective patient allocation for post-mastectomy adjuvant therapy. Length of DFP was found inversely proportional to initial immunocompetence, with a mean of 23.5 months for good responders and 12.8 months for poor responders (P less than 0.01). Length of survival of metastatic patients was found to correlate with initial (pretreatment) levels of immunocompetence, mean survival being 29.5 months for those with preserved immune function and 12.3 months for the immunosuppressed (P less than 0.001). It was concluded that initial immunocompetence, determined by parameters of cell-mediated immunity, shows strong prognostic association with the subsequently observed course of human breast cancer.
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PMID:Immunocompetence, immunosuppression, and human breast cancer. III. Prognostic significance of initial level of immunocompetence in early and advanced disease. 737 Sep 53

Thirty-three patients have undergone BCG intralesional injection into pulmonary tumors. Six received the injection by way of the bronchoscope and 27 were injected percutaneously under fluoroscopic control. The toxicity of this treatment is closely related to PPD reactivity. PPD-negative patients have little fever and malaise. However patients with strongly positive PPD reactions have extensive and prolonged fever. Twenty-six of the 27 patients injected with BCG underwent pulmonary resection. There were no significant postoperative complications. Histologically BCG induces a granulomatous inflammatory reaction, and in the patients who are PPD-positive there is extensive plasma-cell infiltration and de novo germinal center formation within the tumor. Eighty-five percent of the patients with bronchogenic carcinoma and 58 percent of the patients with metastatic cancer are alive and well at a median follow-up of 16 months following pulmonary resection.
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PMID:BCG immunotherapy of lung cancer. 737 47

The effect of BCG and levamisole on the course of established murine leishmaniasis was examined. C3H mice infected subcutaneously in the perinasal region with 10(5) L. mexicana promastigotes produced chronic non-ulcerating, non-healing lesions and demonstrated positive humoral and delayed hypersensitivity responses to leishmanial antigens. Infected animals were treated during months 3-5 of infection with either live BCG or with levamisole. Neither treatment resulted in resolution of lesions or in production of a hyperallergic form of infection; similarly, neither immune responses to leishmanial antigens nor histopathological features of lesions were significantly altered. BCG treatment resulted in accelerated growth of primary leishmanial lesions and in the appearance of metastases in some animals. Levamisole treatment of uninfected animals resulted in low levels of antibodies reacting with promastigote antigens, but not in positive delayed intradermal responses. BCG induced delayed intradermal sensitivity to PPD in both infected and control animals; significantly increased delayed reactions to leishmania, were observed in treated uninfected mice.
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PMID:Leishmania mexicana in C3H mice: BCG and levamisole treatment of established infections. 743 53


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