Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tumor-to-tumor metastases are uncommon. The most frequent donor tumors are the lung, whereas renal cell carcinoma is by far the most common recipient. In this report the authors describe a lung tumor that metastasized to a testicular seminoma. This is the first reported case of tumor-to-tumor metastases in which seminoma of the testis is the recipient. The authors performed mucin and immunohistochemical studies on this case and on ten cases of nonseminomatous germ cell tumors containing embryonal carcinoma and endodermal sinus tumor for comparison. Mucin positivity as well as immunoreactivity for epithelial membrane and carcinoembryonic antigens were confined to metastatic adenocarcinoma in this case, whereas Ki-1 and alpha-fetoprotein immunostaining were restricted to the ten control cases of germ cell tumors. Although the majority of second malignant components found in a seminoma are other nonseminomatous germ cell components, the rare possibility exists that a second malignant component is a metastasis from elsewhere in the body.
 ...
PMID:Lung carcinoma with metastasis to testicular seminoma. 169 19

Mucins are large molecular weight glycoproteins characterized by carbohydrate sugars attached via 'O-glycosidic' linkages to serine or threonine. Mucins are synthesized by a variety of epithelial tissues as membrane-bound or secreted proteins, encoded by several distinct mucin genes. Numerous alterations of mucin-associated carbohydrates can be detected in neoplastic epithelial tissues and on circulating mucins in patients with adenocarcinomas. The expression of various sialyosylated-carbohydrate epitopes may correlate with poor prognosis and enhanced metastatic disease in colorectal adenocarcinomas. Mucin-associated carbohydrate and peptide antigens are currently being investigated for their role in cancer diagnosis, monitoring for progression or metastases, immunotherapy and immunosuppression.
 ...
PMID:Carbohydrate antigens on cancer-associated mucin-like molecules. 172 30

Mucin-like carcinoma-associated antigen (MCA) was serially assayed in 58 women with histologically proven breast cancer after their treatment for primary disease. MCA sensitivity and specificity were 87.5% and 76.9%, respectively, and the positive predictive value 82.4%. 10 patients had elevated MCA and no evidence of disease (NED) during their follow-up, of whom 4 finally developed overt metastases. The 4 had a mean (S.D.) MCA value of 46.48 (18.26) U/ml during the lead time, versus 18.76 (2.69) U/ml in the other 6, who are still at high risk for developing overt metastases. Raised levels of MCA in patients with NED create a dilemma of "treat" versus "wait and see". Early treatment of patients with serially uprising MCA levels should be evaluated in a prospective randomised study to assess its ability to prevent or delay the development of overt metastatic disease and influence survival.
 ...
PMID:Serial serum MCA measurements in the follow-up of breast cancer patients. 183 61

Carcinomas involving the jejunum and ileum are rare tumors. During a review of small intestinal neoplasms, six primary carcinomas of jejunum or ileum with an anaplastic and sarcomatoid histology were identified. At presentation, three of the patients had symptoms related to metastatic disease and three had symptoms referable to the local tumor. The tumors were large (greater than 4.5 cm in diameter), usually endophytic masses composed of large cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm, anaplastic nuclei, and prominent nucleoli. In many areas, the cells had a spindled configuration. Mucin positivity was identified in all six cases. Electron microscopic findings in two cases were indicative of epithelial differentiation. The tumors behaved aggressively; all five patients for whom there was clinical follow-up died of metastases within 40 months. The six anaplastic and sarcomatoid carcinomas were compared with 29 typical adenocarcinomas arising in the jejunum or ileum. Only two of the latter group had symptoms referable to distant metastases at presentation. These tumors also tended to be smaller at presentation (11 tumors were less than 4 cm in greatest dimension). Of 25 patients with typical adenocarcinomas who had acceptable follow-up, 18 (72%) died of disease and five (20%) were alive with no evidence of disease after 5 years. We conclude that anaplastic and sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare variant of small intestinal carcinoma with an aggressive clinical course.
 ...
PMID:Anaplastic and sarcomatoid carcinoma of the small intestine: a clinicopathologic study. 277 42

Mucin-like cancer-associated antigen (MCA), a new tumor marker using the mouse monoclonal antibody b-12 is thought to be of value in the management of patients with breast cancer. In this study sera from 191 female patients with breast cancer (112 with progressive disease [PD] and 79 with no evidence of disease [NED]) were analyzed for MCA levels and compared with those of cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) in single determination and in combination with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA). A cut-off level of 14 U/ml for MCA seems to be more appropriate than the recommended 11 U/ml to distinguish between PD and NED in patients with breast cancer. Although there was a fairly good correlation of MCA to CA 15-3, MCA was inferior in sensitivity and specificity to CA 15-3. Patients with osseous metastases and those with more than one metastatic site showed higher MCA levels than patients with visceral or soft tissue metastases, a fact which was comparable to CA 15-3. Combining MCA and CA 15-3 resulted in a gain in specificity but marked loss of sensitivity. The combination of MCA and CEA results also in a loss of sensitivity whereas the combination of CA 15-3 and CEA showed an increased specificity and only a negligible loss of sensitivity. The combination of MCA with TPA is of little value in the follow-up of breast cancer, as is the combination of CA 15-3 with TPA. The combination of CA 15-3 with CEA can be still recommended for follow-up for early detection of metastases in breast cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Mucin-like cancer-associated antigen (MCA) compared with CA 15-3 in advanced breast cancer. 279 51

Carcinomas derived from teratomatous epithelium occur rarely in the metastases of patients with testicular cancer. These carcinomas of teratomatous origin (CTO) are easily confused with residual embryonal carcinoma (EC). For that reason, we compared the light and electron microscopic appearances of 6 CTOs with those of 12 ECs. As seen by light microscopy, the CTOs formed glands and more frequently had well-defined cytoplasmic borders, eosinophilic cytoplasm, and nonoverlapping, regular nuclei with small or absent nucleoli and little chromatin clumping and clearing, compared with the ECs. Mucin was present in the cells or glandular lumina of three CTOs but was absent in all the ECs. The demonstration of cytoplasmic glycogen was of no differential aid. The most useful differentiating ultrastructural features were long tight junctions and telolysosomes, which occurred in all of the EC but which were absent in the six cases of CTO. Desmosomes with inserting tonofilaments were present in three cases of CTO but were much less developed in EC. Two cases of CTO had microvilli with anchoring rootlets; such anchoring rootlets were not observed among EC. The distinction of CTO from residual EC is important, because CTO will likely need to be treated in a different manner.
 ...
PMID:The differentiation of carcinomas of teratomatous origin from embryonal carcinoma. A light and electron microscopic study. 300 79

An autopsy case of a 62-year-old woman with a poorly differentiated, aggressive form of adenoid squamous cell carcinoma arising in the skin overlying the right breast was studied. The tumor, 9 X 8 cm in diameter, had rapidly enlarged since one year before admission from a verrucous lesion of 20 years duration. The histologic features of the tumor showed a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma mainly in the superficial areas, which transformed into, with a zone of transition in between, an alveolar or adenoid structure in the deep invading portion. The adenoid tumor cells exhibited an undifferentiated appearance with prominent nucleoli and frequent mitotic figures. These cells partly showed dyskeratotic or acantholytic features. Mucin was negative. The patient died at 8 months after the operation. Autopsy revealed widely spreading metastases in which an adenoid structure was outstanding. These unusual pathological features and an aggressive behavior of this tumor, which were hitherto rarely described for adenoid squamous cell carcinoma, seemed to be a poorly differentiated variant of the tumor. This malignant transformation might be derived from loss of cohesion of the pre-existing usual well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in the basal and parabasal layers, inparting marked invasiveness of these cells into the supporting connective tissue.
 ...
PMID:Adenoid squamous cell carcinoma of the skin overlying the right breast. An autopsy case clinically manifested with rapid growth and widely spreading metastases. 382 38

Thirty-one patients less than 40 years of age with carcinoma of the colon were treated at this hospital during the ten years between 1968 and 1978. This accounted for 3.6 per cent of the total number of patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum seen during this period. Pain, rectal bleeding, change in intestinal habits and weight loss were the most common presenting symptoms. The average delay between the onset of symptoms and treatment was 6.4 months. Mucin-producing and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas were present in 49 per cent of the patients in this study. Metastases to the ovaries occurred in 23 per cent of the female patients. The five year survival rate was only 22 per cent. The importance of early diagnosis and treatment and, in the female patient, of oophorectomy is emphasized.
 ...
PMID:Carcinoma of the colon and rectum in patients less than 40 years of age. 662 23

Mucin production in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid is rarely mentioned in the literature. We studied 36 cases of medullary carcinoma; 32 lesions were sporadic and four were genetic variants. In 15 cases (42%), mucin production was demonstrated by histochemical means. In six cases (17%), the mucin was only extracellular; in three (8%), it was mostly extracellular, but with foci of intracellular deposits; and in six cases (17%), it was equally extracellular and intracellular. Mucin secretion could be demonstrated in both the primary thyroid tumor and the nodal metastases. No consistent correlation could be demonstrated between the histologic pattern, the staining properties of the tumor cells, and the sporadic or genetic occurrence of the tumor. Mucin was more frequently identified in medullary carcinomas (42%) than in other carcinomas (9.1%) of the thyroid gland. As mucin can be identified in approximately half of the medullary carcinomas, this primary thyroid lesion should be considered a possible source for a cervical node containing mucin positive carcinoma cells.
 ...
PMID:Mucin production in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. 668 22

Twenty-two cases of breast tumor with infiltrating lobular carcinoma were studied. Thirteen showed the classic single-file pattern as a sole component, and 6 as a predominant pattern; the less common confluent pattern was found in 3 instances as a predominant component. Mucin secretion was evidenced in 59% of the primary tumors; it was a prominent feature in only 1 case. Nine tumors were associated with in situ lobular carcinoma. In 14, nodal metastases had occurred at the moment of diagnosis. In 50% of the metastases, intracellular mucin secretion was present. It appears that the diagnosis of infiltrating lobular carcinoma relies on the convergence of multiple histocytologic hallmarks, as much in the primary tumors as in the metastases. Deviations from the classic appearance need to be recognized as true lobular carcinomas, and even in these cases it is suggested that the well established term lobular carcinoma be maintained.
 ...
PMID:Infiltrating lobular carcinoma of the female breast. Deviations from the usual histopathologic appearance. 726 Aug 50


1 2 3 Next >>