Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors assessed proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), p-53 oncoprotein and morphologic tumor front grading (TFG) in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), of the larynx and a poor prognosis and tried to find a correlation with tumor stage, the Broders grading system, local and neck lymph node metastases, as well as nodal and local recurrences. In addition, utility of the parameters investigated was evaluated in developing a prognostic factor model, using uni- and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Included in this study were 54 patients (mean age 57 years +/- 8.6). PCNA-positive staining was found in all but one patient with advanced disease, while p-53 stained positively in only 24 subjects (44.4%). The PCNA index ranged from 4.6 to 59.0% (mean, 23.4 +/- 11. 0) and the p-53 index varied from 4.0 to 42.0% (mean, 17.2 +/- 8.6). The TFG score ranged from 9 to 23 points (mean, 15.1 +/- 3.2). PCNA, p-53 and TFG were found to be the markers that provided significant additional information about the biological behavior of tumor cells. The high variability of the results (PCNA, p-53) and high percentage of negatively stained cells (p-53) reduced their application in clinical use. PCNA correlated with tumor grade, G (r = 0.38; P < 0. 01), but negatively with nodal (N) disease(r = -0.37; P < 0.01). The mean values of PCNA and p-53 index were higher in the subgroup with local recurrences. Our present attempt to develop a useful prognostic factor model failed.
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PMID:Clinical application of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, oncoprotein p53 and tumor front grading analysis in patients operated on for laryngeal cancer. 1052 38

Histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of 3 cases of clear cell odontogenic carcinoma were studied. The tumors were composed of sheets or islands of clear cells separated by mature collageneous tissue. Basaloid cells were also seen in the tumors. Tumor cells showed positive reactions for epithelial membrane antigen and cytokeratin. More PCNA positive cells were seen in basaloid cells than in clear cells. Metastasis to regional lymph nodes was found in all 3 cases.
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PMID:[Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma]. 1068 May 32

Analysis of tumor markers focuses on expression in primary tumors with the assumption that this is representative of metastatic tumor, against which treatment is targeted. Few studies have compared the expression of such markers in primary and secondary tumors. In this study, several key genes involved in cell cycle regulation were investigated in colorectal tumors and corresponding lymph node metastases. The cell cycle regulators p53, cyclin D1, p21, p27, retinoblastoma protein (Rb), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were examined in a series of 42 paired samples of primary colorectal and secondary lymph node tumors by immunohistochemistry. Expression of p53, p27, and Rb was similar in virtually all paired samples (p53, 38 of 42; p27, 39 of 42; Rb, 40 of 42), indicating that the pattern of these proteins in colorectal tumors may be used to predict that in lymph node tumors. It also suggests a lack of direct involvement in the metastatic process. A lower concordance for p21 and cyclin D1 staining was observed between primary and secondary tumors (p21, 19 of 42; cyclin D1, 22 of 42). p21 expression was more often observed in primary colorectal cancers, whereas cyclin D1 expression was more frequently seen in lymph node metastases, in keeping with the contrasting roles of these proteins as a cell cycle inhibitor (p21) and activator (cyclin D1). The PCNA-labeling index was found to vary considerably in a number of cases, thus limiting the ability to predict expression of this protein in lymph node metastases from the primary tumor. In addition, PCNA-labeling indices between paired samples were neither consistently higher nor lower, suggesting that the proliferative capacity of tumor cells is not directly related to their ability to metastasize.
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PMID:Expression of cell cycle control proteins in primary colorectal tumors does not always predict expression in lymph node metastases. 1074 41

Studies of global protein expression in human tumors have led to the identification of various polypeptide markers, potentially useful as diagnostic tools. Many changes in gene expression recorded between benign and malignant human tumors are due to post-translational modifications, not detected by analyses of RNA. Proteome analyses have also yielded information about tumor heterogeneity and the degree of relatedness between primary tumors and their metastases. Results from our own studies have shown a similar pattern of changes in protein expression in different epithelial tumors, such as decreases in tropomyosin and cytokeratin expression and increases in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and heat shock protein expression. Such information has been used to create artificial learning models for tumor classification. The artificial learning approach has potential to improve tumor diagnosis and cancer treatment prediction.
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PMID:Cancer proteomics: from identification of novel markers to creation of artifical learning models for tumor classification. 1078 93

Eighty-nine canine mammary tumors and dysplasias of 66 bitches were investigated to determine the immunohistochemical expression of classical estrogen receptor (ER-alpha) and its clinical and pathologic associations and prognostic value. A complete clinical examination was performed and reproductive history was evaluated. After surgery, all animals were followed-up for 18 months, with clinical examinations every 3-4 months. ER-alpha expression was higher in tumors of genitally intact and young bitches (P < 0.01, P < 0.01) and in animals with regular estrous periods (P = 0.03). Malignant tumors of the bitches with a previous clinical history of pseudopregnancy expressed significantly more ER-alpha (P = 0.04). Immunoexpression of ER-alpha decreased significantly with tumor size (P = 0.05) and skin ulceration (P = 0.01). Low levels of ER-alpha were significantly associated with lymph node involvement (P < 0.01). Malignant tumors had lower ER-alpha expression than did benign tumors (P < 0.01). Proliferation index measured by proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunostaining was inversely correlated with ER-alpha scores (P = 0.05) in all tumors. Low ER-alpha levels in primary malignant tumors were significantly associated with the occurrence of metastases in the follow-up (P = 0.03). Multivariate analyses were performed to determine the prognostic significance of some follow-up variables. ER-alpha value, Ki-67 index, and age were independent factors that could predict disease-free survival. Lymph node status, age, and ER-alpha index were independent prognostic factors for the overall survival. The immunohistochemical detection of ER-alpha in canine mammary tumors is a simple technique with prognostic value that could be useful in selecting appropriate hormonal therapy.
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PMID:Immunohistologic detection of estrogen receptor alpha in canine mammary tumors: clinical and pathologic associations and prognostic significance. 1081 Sep 88

We have recently established an in vitro cell line (metastatic mGH3) derived from lymph node metastases of the rat pituitary somatotroph. Here we examined the in vivo effects of octreotide, a somatostatin analog, against malignant pituitary tumors. Wistar-Furth rats (n=8) were inoculated subcutaneously with mGH3 cells while control rats received injections of equal volumes of the vehicle only. Four rats were treated with octreotide three times daily while another group of four rats were treated with saline only. After 6 weeks of treatment, histopathological and immunohistological analyses were performed. The tumor weights of rats treated with octreotide were significantly lighter than those of untreated rats. All rats implanted mGH3, but not administered treatment, developed inguinal lymph node metastases, whereas none of those implanted mGH3 and treated with octreotide developed such metastases. The proportion of PCNA-stained tumor cells was higher in tumors of untreated rats than in those of octreotide-treated rats. However, the proportion of apoptotic cells in the tumor was not different between treated and untreated rats. Our results suggest that octreotide might be potentially effective for invasive and malignant human pituitary tumors by regulating the tumor cell cycle.
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PMID:Octreotide treatment suppresses malignant somatotrophic pituitary tumor cell growth in rats. 1094 23

Malignant neoplasms represent one-third of all pediatric salivary gland tumors. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) composes 51% of malignant tumors and 16% of all salivary gland neoplasms in pediatrics. Prognostic factors in MEC in pediatric patients have not been well defined. Histopathologic features, clinical outcomes and proliferation markers in 26 pediatric patients (median age 11 years; 19F:7M) with salivary gland MECs were evaluated retrospectively. MEC histocytologic grading used a three-tiered system. Proliferation was assessed by determining the percentage of tumor cells immunoreactive for PCNA and Ki-67. Tumor site was 16 parotid, eight submandibular, one base of tongue and one maxillary lip. Median tumor size was 2.5 cm (range 1.5-5 cm). MEC grade was nine low grade (LG), 15 intermediate grade (IG) and two high grade (HG). Metastatic disease and capsular invasion occurred in five cases, while perineural invasion was noted in three cases. Mean percentage of tumor cells immunoreactive for proliferation markers is as follows: PCNA: LG 9%, IG 17%, HG 32%; and Ki-67: LG 7%, IG 12%, HG 26%. Treatment was surgical in 21 cases, and surgery with chemotherapy and radiotherapy in five cases. Two patients with high grade MECs died of disease (21, 44 months). Twenty-four patients had no evidence of disease at a median follow-up of 104 months (range 30-298 months). MECs were second malignancies in two children with prior radiotherapy and chemotherapy for leukemia and histiocytosis. Low and intermediate grade salivary gland MECS in a pediatric population may have a favorable outcome when compared with high grade MECs. Proliferation markers appear to be linked to histocytologic MEC grade and may provide information regarding biologic behavior of salivary gland MECs in children and adolescents.
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PMID:Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands in children and adolescents: assessment of proliferation markers. 1096 53

The authors estimated PCNA and P53 in subjects with laryngeal cancer in whom local or nodal recurrences were observed. The study included 54 patients from Upper Silesia in age 37-79 years (mean 57 +/- 8.8). The mean value of the PCNA index in subjects with local recurrence (LR) was 24.2% +/- 12.1 while in subjects without LR 22.1% +/- 9.4 (p > 0.05). Additionally, 21 subjects were separated from the investigated group in whom no lymph node metastases were found during laryngectomy. Among these subjects in 16 LR was observed (PCNA index was 30.9% +/- 12.5) while in remaining 5 subjects, in whom LR did not develop, PCNA index was 21.7% +/- 11.2. Analysis of the P53 index in subjects with LR revealed significantly higher values (19.2% +/- 9.1) in comparison to cases without LR (13.2% +/- 6.3). Our study revealed usefulness of the P53 and PCNA as markers which could support the histological diagnostic process describing biology of the cancer cells. The demonstrated increase of PCNA and P53 index in patients with LR might be useful in prediction of LR.
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PMID:[Assessment of usefulness of PCNA and protein p53 in subjects with laryngeal cancer with local recurrence]. 1097 77

Although several clinicopathological factors may contribute to the prognosis of laryngeal carcinoma, these factors are still uncertain because the carcinogenesis process and malignant behavior are not well known. Immunohistochemical methods using two important markers, PCNA and Ki67 antigen, were used to assess proliferative activity in malignant laryngeal lesions. We studied the correlation between expression of these markers and clinical factors in 72 patients with carcinoma of the larynx: age, sex, occupation, smoking, alcohol consumption, marital status, etc. We also analyzed other known biological and histopathological prognostic factors (tumor stage, histological grade, lymph node metastases, and local invasion). PCNA and Ki-67 expression differed significantly in relation to histological grade and lymph node involvement. No associations were seen between the expression of PCNA and Ki-67 antigens and other study parameters.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical markers of cell proliferation in laryngeal carcinoma]. 1098 49

The authors estimated PCNA and P53 in subjects with laryngeal cancer with local or nodal recurrences. The study concerned 54 patients from Upper Silesia aged 37-79 (mean 57 +/- 8.8). The mean value of the PCNA index in subjects with local recurrence (LR) was 24.2% +/- 12.1 while in subjects without LR 22.1% +/- 9.4 (p > 0.05). Additionally, 21 subjects in whom no lymph node metastases were found during laryngectomy were separated from the investigated group. In 16 of them local recurrences were observed and the mean value of PCNA index was 30.9% +/- 12.5. In remaining 5 subjects in whom local recurrences were not developed the mean value of PCNA index was 21.7% +/- 11.2. The analysis of the P53 index in subjects with LR revealed significantly higher values (19.2% +/- 9.1) in comparison with cases without LR (13.2% +/- 6.3). The assessment of the mean values of PCNA and P53 index depending on T, N or stage as well as nodal recurrence did not reveal any statistical significance. Our study revealed usefulness of the P53 and PCNA as markers which could support the histological diagnostic process describing biology of the cancer cells. The demonstrated increase of PCNA and P53 index in patients with LR might be useful in prediction of LR.
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PMID:[Assessment of usefulness of PCNA and oncoprotein p53 staining in prediction of the recurrences in subjects operated on for laryngeal carcinoma]. 1107 Jun 93


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