Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We present two cases of patients experiencing needle track seeding after undergoing percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) for small hepatocellular carcinoma, who were treated by surgical resection of the metastases. One patient demonstrated metastatic tumors due to needle track seeding 6 months after the beginning of PEIT (a total of 7 injection sessions for 2 tumors measuring < 20 mm in diameters), whereas the other developed a metastatic tumor 20 months after beginning PEIT (a total of 30 injection sessions for 3 tumors measuring < 20 mm in diameter). In the two cases, both the primary and metastatic tumors histologically revealed moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. Moreover, the histological findings of the metastatic foci did not always appear to be more aggressive than those of the primary tumors. Therefore, in order to detect such metastasis as early as possible, more careful attention should be paid to the appearance of needle track seeding after performing PEIT for hepatocellular carcinoma, even if the target of such PEIT is small HCC.
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PMID:Needle track seeding after percutaneous ethanol injection therapy for small hepatocellular carcinoma. 772 74

Twelve patients were treated with laser-induced hyperthermia. Eight had liver metastases from breast cancer or colorectal cancer, and four were treated for a primary tumour, two in the liver, one in the biliary tract and one in the pancreas. The mean diameter of the metastases was 2.5 cm and of the primary tumours 4 cm. One patient was given ethanol injections before the treatment, and seven were treated with chemotherapy before and two after the treatment. At the time of writing this report, all the patients are still alive. The follow-up times vary from six months to five years. Treatment was technically possible in all cases. The smallest metastasis disappeared totally and, with the exception of a few larger tumours, they were reduced in size. There were no serious complications. The patients were treated percutaneously under ultrasonographic imaging in real time. Only minor side effects were seen, and the method is safe. Technically, laserthermia is easy to perform. A skillful radiologist is needed, and the presence of an anaesthetist makes it possible to safely treat tumours that can be reached only when respiration is controlled mechanically. Controlled, randomized studies are now needed to evaluate the method in comparison with other palliative treatment modalities.
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PMID:Percutaneous interstitial laser hyperthermia in clinical use. 773 11

Since 1984, we have performed extended radical resection combined with extended intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) for pancreatic cancer. This approach has provided a dramatic improvement in long-term survival and control of local recurrence. Hepatic metastases, however, remain an unsolved problem. Among patients with this combined therapy, we found hepatic metastases in 8 of 22 patients postoperatively. Four of these 8 were considered candidates for further therapy and underwent treatment for their hepatic metastases, the other 4 had too extensive disease. Two patients with multiple hepatic metastases underwent percutaneous ethanol injection therapy and chemotherapy, but they died within a year. Two patients with a solitary hepatic metastases underwent hepatic resection. One patient died two years and six months after the first operation because of multiple metastases in the liver and both lungs, while the other patient is still alive over six years after the first operation with an excellent performance status. When a patient has no local recurrence and a solitary metastasis in the liver, surgical resection of the liver metastasis should be performed.
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PMID:Treatment strategies for hepatic metastases from pancreatic cancer in patients previously treated with radical resection combined with intraoperative radiation therapy. 788 Jul 68

Alcohol- and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of 71 brain tumors (35 gliomas, 22 metastatic carcinomas, 8 meningiomas and 6 other tumors) were investigated by immunocytochemistry with three different monoclonal antibodies against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)/cyclin (19A2; 19F4; PC10). PC10 was found to work best; it is applicable to both alcohol- and formalin-fixed tumor samples. PCNA labeling indices (LIs) were compared in the same tumors with LIs obtained by Ki-67 immunostaining of frozen sections and by in vitro incubation with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd); in the latter preparations, BrdUrd LIs could be compared with PCNA LIs in the very same areas of serial sections. In gliomas, PCNA LIs were 0.7-80.2% (mean 31.7%), in metastases 0-76.0% (mean 47.8%), and in meningiomas 0-53.0% (mean 19.3%). In general, PCNA LIs were highly significantly correlated with Ki-67 LIs (P = 0.0002) and BrdUrd LIs (P = 0.0001). However, when tumor subgroups are considered, only gliomas show a significant correlation with Ki-67 and BrdUrd LIs. Despite this statistical correlation, PCNA expression was out of proportion to proliferation indices as determined by both other methods in almost one third of all brain tumors. Immunocytochemistry for PCNA produces a broad spectrum of staining intensity of labeled nuclei, whose number is dependent upon the sensitivity of the immunocytochemical technique used. Thus, inter-observer and inter-laboratory variabilities in PCNA LI determination may occur. Overlapping of PCNA LIs between tumor subgroups of varying malignancy further limits the informational value for the individual case.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Immunostaining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen: its role in determination of proliferation in routinely processed human brain tumor specimens. 790 72

The amount and type of sialylation of tumor cell membranes depends on the activity of a number of different sialyltransferase enzymes. For the detection of specific activities in human colorectal carcinoma tissue several glycoprotein and glycolipid acceptors were used: desialylated fetuin, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, beta 2-glycoprotein I, ovine submaxillaris mucin, and the gangliosides GM1, GM2, GM3 and GD1a. Because of their possible relevance for metastasis, precursors of Le(a) and Le(x) antigens, too, were employed, namely neoglycolipids produced by coupling LcOse4 or NeoLcOse4 oligosaccharides to L-alpha-phosphatidyl-ethanol-amine-dipalmitoyl. Our data indicate that human colorectal tumor tissue contains two highly active sialyltransferase enzymes, which are only weakly expressed in normal mucosa. These are a N-glycan-specific alpha 2,6-sialyltransferase, which was significantly increased in metastasizing tumors, and a Gal beta 1,3Gal-NAc-specific sialyltransferase, which was increased in tumors of early stages. A shift to enhanced alpha 2,6-sialylation of membrane glycoproteins during carcinogenesis was demonstrated by lectin ELISA analysis of magneto-bead separated tumor cells. Quantitative determination of specific sialyltransferase activities may be a sensitive tool for detection and monitoring of colon carcinoma.
Clin Exp Metastasis 1994 May
PMID:Different sialyltransferase activities in human colorectal carcinoma cells from surgical specimens detected by specific glycoprotein and glycolipid acceptors. 819

Administration of 98% ethanol destroys tissues by coagulative necrosis. In the rat bearing 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colonic carcinoma which has spread to the liver, direct injection of 0.1-0.2 ml ethanol into each of the hepatic metastases at the time of total colectomy afforded a significant survival advantage relative to colectomy alone (20.1 +/- 0.2 vs 12.8 +/- 0.2 months of age, mean +/- SEM, n = 20, p < 0.01 by the Mann-Whitney U test). A pilot study was, therefore, carried out (2 women and 4 men, age range 43 to 71 years--mean 56) to examine the clinical significance of these observations in patients with multiple hepatic metastases from carcinoma of the sigmoid colon. The tumour was resected then all palpable hepatic secondaries were injected with 1-1.5 ml of 98% ethanol. Two weeks post-operatively and thereafter once every two months any hepatic lesions detected ultrasonically were similarly treated percutaneously. All the patients tolerated this treatment without any observed distress or adverse effects. Their mean survival measured from the time of tumour resection until death from any cause was 20 months (range 17 to 26 months). The survival gain afforded by chemonecrosis in addition to its simplicity and safety deserves further consideration to assess the exact role of this method in the treatment of liver metastases from colonic cancer.
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PMID:Pilot study on alcohol-induced chemonecrosis of hepatic metastases from colonic cancer. A new approach for percutaneous localized dynamic destruction of the hepatic spread. 826 Apr 33

Injection of ethyl alcohol in high concentrations into tissues produces coagulative necrosis. The benefits of direct injection of 98% ethanol into hepatic metastases from 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colonic cancer was investigated in groups of 20 Sprague-Dawley rats of either sex. At 10 weeks of age, rats were subcutaneously injected every week with 10 mg/kg DMH for 28 weeks. They were then housed for 3 months. At the end of this period all the animals had developed colonic carcinoma with multiple hepatic metastases. Total colectomy and the fashioning of an ileostomy coupled with direct injection of 0.1-0.2 ml of ethanol into each of the hepatic metastases, after mobilizing the liver by dividing its fascial attachments to facilitate easier tumour detection by inspection and palpation, afforded a significant survival advantage relative to colectomy alone (20.1 +/- 0.2 months of age, vs, 12.8 +/- 0.2 months of age, mean +/- SEM, n = 20, p < 0.01 by the Mann-Whitney U test). The clinical implications of these observations were, therefore, examined in a pilot study carried out on 6 patients (2 women and 4 men with an age range of 43-71 years, mean 56) who had adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon with multiple hepatic secondaries. The colonic tumour was resected and an end-to-end anastomosis effected, then all palpable hepatic metastases were slowly injected with 1-1.5 ml of 98% ethanol. Two weeks post-operatively and thereafter once every 2 months any hepatic lesions detected ultrasonically were similarly treated percutaneously. This treatment produced no adverse effects of any significance. None of the patients died during the first post-operative year. Death was due to disease spread in all the patients. The mean survival measured from the time of tumour resection until death from any cause was 20 months (range 17-26 months). It thus appears that chemonecrosis for the treatment of liver metastases from colonic cancer is a simple and safe therapeutic modality which offers a survival gain.
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PMID:Chemonecrosis for localized dynamic destruction of hepatic metastases of colonic cancer. A new approach. 842 95

Female C57BL/6 mice were fed a defined, pelleted diet and given 10% w/v or 20% w/v ethanol in their drinking water. Natural killer (NK) cell cytolytic activity was compared between water-drinking and ethanol-consuming mice and in mice that were also treated with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) to augment NK cell activity or with anti-NK1.1 antibody to decrease activity. NK cell cytolytic activity was not altered in mice given 10% ethanol, but was decreased in mice given 20% ethanol compared to water-drinking mice. Poly I:C treatment increased and anti-NK1.1 antibody treatment decreased NK cell activity in both water-drinking and 20% ethanol-consuming mice. Experimental and spontaneous metastases of B16-BL6 melanoma were evaluated as a function of the duration of ethanol consumption before tumor inoculation and as a function of altered NK cell activity. Experimental metastasis was inhibited after 4 and also after 6.5 weeks of ethanol exposure. Poly I:C treatment inhibited tumor lung colonization irrespective of ethanol consumption. Anti-NK1.1 antibody treatment increased metastasis, although to a lesser degree in mice consuming 10% ethanol. Spontaneous metastasis was inhibited in mice consuming 10% ethanol for 4 weeks, and in mice consuming 20% ethanol for 1 and 4 weeks before melanoma inoculation.
Clin Exp Metastasis 1993 Mar
PMID:Alcohol consumption suppresses metastasis of B16-BL6 melanoma in mice. 844 11

We encountered two patients with typical bronchial carcinoid and metastases to the liver who presented with typical carcinoid syndrome. In typical bronchial carcinoid without metastases to regional lymph nodes, recurrence and distant metastasis after curative resection are generally thought to be rare. The first patient was a 62-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital because of facial flushing and diarrhea. She had undergone curative resection of a typical bronchial carcinoid 9 years earlier, and the postsurgical pathological stage was I. On the second admission, she was found to have multiple liver metastases. The second patient was a 59-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital because of facial flushing, dyspnea, and dehydration due to diarrhea. She had undergone curative resection of a typical bronchial carcinoid 21 months earlier, and the postsurgical pathological stage was I. On the second admission, she was found to have multiple intrabronchial, bone, and liver metastases. Both patients were treated with subcutaneous injections of octreotide, and with transhepatic arterial chemoembolization. In addition, the second patient underwent percutaneous ethanol injection under ultrasonic guidance. Signs and symptoms disappeared soon after therapy began and the patients survived longer than expected. Hepatic artery chemoembolization and simultaneous chemotherapy can relieve symptoms in patients with carcinoid syndrome and multiple liver metastases, and self-administration of octreotide is the treatment of choice for immediate relief.
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PMID:[Successful treatment of carcinoid syndrome in two cases of bronchial carcinoid]. 858 28

Alcohol consumption is associated with increased morbidity and mortality related to infectious diseases and malignancy (1-5), although immune mediation of these relationships is controversial. Specifically, the activity of natural killer (NK) cells, which are involved in the resistance to infections and metastasis, can be suppressed in the presence of ethanol in vitro. However, acute consumption or infusion of ethanol in vivo exerts no effects on NK activity assessed in vitro thereafter. Therefore, we have developed and used a method to study the effects of ethanol on NK activity in living rats by using an NK-sensitive metastatic process and selective depletion of NK cells in vivo. Acute ethanol intoxication caused a marked suppression of NK activity in vivo and a tenfold increase in the number of MADB106 tumor metastases. Ethanol had no effect in rats selectively depleted of NK cells or when an NK-insensitive tumor (C4047) was used. These findings suggest that even acute ethanol intoxication markedly suppresses NK activity in the living organism. This suppression may underlie some aspects of the association between alcoholism, infectious disease and malignancies.
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PMID:Acute alcohol intoxication suppresses natural killer cell activity and promotes tumor metastasis. 859 57


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