Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The technique of "chemical hypophysectomy" was modified for the management of pain due to metastatic cancer. Using stereotaxic control, a needle is introduced via the nose into the sella turcica. Absolute alcohol is then injected into the pituitary. Of 13 patients who had severe uncontrollable pain, 11 obtained marked symptomatic relief. The longest follow-up period to date is seven months, with results persisting. Sequelae are those associated with destruction of the pituitary gland, the most significant being diabetes insipidus. Several cerebrospinal fluid leaks prompted us routinely to instill alpha-ethyl cyanoacrylate to seal the sella floor. Three patients had slight extraocular nerve palsies. There was no death related to the procedure.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of diffuse metastatic cancer pain by instillation of alcohol into the sella turcica. 31 6

The effect of chronic ethanol intake on the growth and spread of some murine tumors has been investigated. The treatment had no effect on the B 16 melanoma but tended to decrease the number of Ehrlich ascites cells. In the case of the Lewis lung carcinoma, administration of ethanol for two weeks tended to lower the number of metastases to the lung without significantly affecting the primary tumor size, whereas more prolonged ethanol intake decreased the weight of the primary tumor in addition to decreasing its dissemination.
 ...
PMID:The effect of chronic ethanol intake on the growth and spread of some murine tumors. 56 63

Hepatomegaly and abnormal liver function can occur in nonmetastatic malignancies. A patient with metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma that had spared the liver and extrahepatic biliary tree is described. He had puzzling episodes of jaundice for a period of 2 1/2 years. The results of appropriate investigations and an exploratory laparotomy performed dlring the patient's four antemortem hospitalizations were indicative of "recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis," the cause of which remained an enigma even after exploratory laparotomy. At autopsy, no evidence of hepatic metastases or extrahepatic biliary obstruction was found. Alcohol, hepatotoxic drugs, toxins, viral and chronic active hepatitis, hemolysis, and extrahepatic biliary obstruction were eliminated as causes of the jaundice. We believe that the intermittent intrahepatic cholestasis is one of the nonmetastatic manifestations (nonmetastatic hepatopathy of malignancy) of the prostatic adenocarcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Intermittent cholestatic jaundice and nonmetastatic prostatic carcinoma. 92 51

A Nigerian series of 890 patients with primary liver cell carcinoma, seen during the recent three years, has been examined with a view to establishing the natural history of the tumour in untreated cases. There were 60 males and the mean age of all the patients was 50 years. Hepatitis B surface antigen was positive in 70 pc of tested patients and there were higher pathologic levels of aflatoxins in these patients when compared to normal controls. Liver cirrhosis was associated with 81 pc of patients. Alcohol and smoking were unlikely to be aetiologically important in these patients. The macroscopic type of tumour was mainly diffusely nodular and the commonest microscopic pattern was the characteristic trabecular pattern. Metastases were present in 52 pc of the patients and were mainly to the lungs. Due to late presentation and underlying cirrhosis, most patients were critically ill with high incidence of ascites, jaundice and hepatic precoma. The mean survival time of all patients was six months after onset of the initial symptoms to death and only three weeks after admission to death. The major causes of death were advanced cancer in 78 pc, hepatic failure in 48 pc and rupture of tumour, 39 pc. These observations clearly show that the prognosis of liver cancer is dismal in this environment, as elsewhere. Medical education on earlier presentation in hospital and early operative removal of the tumour should be emphasised. It is suggested that an attempt through immunisation should be employed to reduce the incidence of liver cancer in the population.
 ...
PMID:The natural history of primary liver cell carcinoma: a study of 89 untreated adult Nigerians. 132 87

In this study of 40 cases of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma, 83% arose in the pyriform sinus, base of tongue, tonsil, and larynx. The 35 men and five women ranged in age from 27 to 88 years (median 62). In patients for whom social habits were recorded, 24 of 26 patients were smokers and 22 of 25 drank ethanol. Most presented with stage III or IV disease. Twenty-seven patients had regional metastases at the time of presentation and 15 developed distant metastases. Seventeen patients died with disease (median survival 18 months). The tumors were composed of moderately pleomorphic basaloid cells forming nests, cords, and frequent cribriform patterns. Squamous dysplasia of surface mucosa, focal squamous differentiation within invasive basaloid squamous cell carcinoma, or foci of conventional squamous cell carcinoma were present, alone or in combination. All studied neoplasms were immunohistochemically positive for keratins with the 34 beta E12 antibody. Approximately 80% were immunoreactive using AE1/AE3 or CAM 5.2. Epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, and S100 protein were found in 83%, 53%, and 39%, respectively, of the cases. Diffuse, weak immunoreactivity for neuron-specific enolase was seen in 75% of tumors. Synaptophysin, chromogranin, muscle-specific actin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein were absent. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma has been confused with adenoid cystic carcinoma and small cell undifferentiated carcinoma, but is usually distinguishable in routine hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections, or, in rare problematic cases, with the aid of immunohistochemical studies. Distinction is warranted because the biologic behavior of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma differs from that of both of these lesions.
 ...
PMID:Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 40 cases. 138 69

Recombinant glycosylated erythropoietin (EPO) was biotinylated with biotin-aminocaproyl hydrazide via periodate-treated sialic acid moieties and applied to sections of 64 tumors of the lower respiratory tract, comprising 19 primary adenocarcinomas, 19 epidermoid carcinomas, 13 large cell anaplastic carcinomas, 11 small cell lung carcinomas, 11 intrapulmonary metastases, 1 mesothelioma and 1 lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. The formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens were incubated with labelled EPO at room temperature and a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml for 60 min. The expression of the EPO-binding sites was visualized by the ABC technique. All of the analyzed large cell anaplastic carcinomas and the majority of the epidermoid carcinoma (89%), adenocarcinoma (79%), and metastases (82%) displayed binding capacities for EPO. Five out of the eleven small cell lung carcinomas, the analyzed mesothelioma and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia revealed definite staining, too. Binding sites could, in addition, be seen in air dried, non-fixed, acetone-fixed, and ether-ethanol-fixed cytological specimens. The data indicate that the expression of binding sites with specificity for EPO can be frequently seen in human bronchial malignancies.
 ...
PMID:Analysis of expression of erythropoietin-binding sites in human lung carcinoma by the biotinylated ligand. 142 Jan 6

The effects of acute and chronic ethanol administration on tumor progression and metastasis were studied in rat models of leukemia and breast cancer, respectively. Acute administration of 1.5-3.5 g of ethanol/kg body weight significantly reduced survival of rats injected with CRNK-16 leukemia cells in a dose-related manner. Acute administration of 2.5-3.5 g of ethanol/kg body weight, one hour before tumor inoculation, or chronic consumption of liquid diet containing ethanol for two weeks before and three weeks after tumor inoculation, significantly increased the number of lung metastases of MADB106 mammary adenocarcinoma. The ethanol-induced increase in the number of metastases was not correlated with plasma levels of corticosterone and was not altered by the opiate antagonist naltrexone. Incubation of spleen cells in vitro in the presence of ethanol, at concentrations comparable to those measured in the blood of ethanol-treated rats, significantly suppressed natural killer (NK) cell activity against MADB106 cells in a standard chromium-release assay and decreased the binding of effector to MADB106 tumor cells. However, neither acute nor chronic ethanol administration in vivo altered splenic NK activity against this tumor in the same in vitro assay, in which the ethanol would have been washed away. These results suggest that, in the presence of ethanol, tumor progression is facilitated. The possibility that this facilitation is related to ethanol-induced impairment of the normal tumoricidal interaction between NK and tumor cells is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Ethanol increases tumor progression in rats: possible involvement of natural killer cells. 157 4

Alcohol can induce a wide spectrum of histological changes in the liver. Three morphologic patterns of alcoholic liver injury are now generally accepted, i.e. fatty change, alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis, but a broad array of lesions has been added to this list in recent years. These damage patterns differ considerably in their significance as to indication and diagnostic power of liver biopsies. Liver biopsy is recommended in patients with clinically suspected alcoholic liver disease for diagnostic and prognostic reasons. Moreover, clinicians want to exclude nonalcoholic liver diseases that might otherwise be missed. Alcoholic hepatitis, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, has the highest degree of diagnostic specificity in biopsies, because its features are well-defined and are mimicked by a rather small group of other causes. When associated with perivenular and pericellular fibrosis, it may provide prognostic parameters. In contrast, fatty liver, which may be induced by alcohol as well as other etiologies, usually does not need liver biopsy, with some exceptions. It may lead to cholestasis severe enough to mimic obstructive jaundice, or may result in abnormal imaging studies suggesting metastases. Verification of histological findings may be important when these circumstances arise. Cirrhosis is easily verified in biopsies of appropriate quality; however, advanced cirrhosis is a morphologically nonspecific alteration, because cirrhotic tissue patterns converge irrespective of their cause. Liver biopsy may help to identify nonalcoholic liver disease in patients suspected of harboring alcoholic liver disease. In fact, up to 20% of biopsies may show other, potentially treatable disorders, thus extending the indication for liver biopsy in situations of complex clinical and laboratory patterns.
 ...
PMID:[Liver biopsy in suspected alcoholic liver damage]. 162 Dec 36

Using intact ethanol-fixed cytokeratin monoclonal (CAM 5.2) and propidium iodide dual-stained cells, we have performed two-color multiparametric flow cytometric (FCM) DNA analysis and S-phase fraction (SPF) determination on 165 mechanically dissociated breast carcinomas. Sixty-seven patients were axillary node positive, 33 patients node negative; 59 had biopsy only and in 8, FCM was performed on tissue from metastatic lesions. Overall, 62% of the tumors contained aneuploid cell populations. Abnormal cellular DNA content (aneuploidy) was significantly correlated with high nuclear grade (p less than 0.001), lack of estrogen receptors (p less than 0.001), presence of vascular invasion (p less than 0.04), high histologic grade (p less than 0.04), and tumor size (p less than 0.03) but not with patient age (p greater than 0.07) or axillary node status (p greater than 0.50). SPF values derived from ungated histograms had a positively skewed frequency distribution (range 2 to 30%, N = 152) with an overall median of 11% (diploid, 8.9%; aneuploid, 15.7%). Higher SPF values were significantly correlated with aneuploidy (p less than 0.001), presence of necrosis (p less than 0.001), lack of estrogen receptor (p less than 0.0001), high nuclear grade (p less than 0.001), vascular invasion (p less than 0.003), tumor size (p less than 0.006), and high histologic grade (p less than .004) but not the presence of lymph node metastases (p greater than 0.56). Mean SPF values were significantly higher when calculated from cytokeratin gated DNA histograms (14.1% versus 11.5%, p less than 0.001), probably due to exclusion of contaminating stromal/inflammatory cells; and significantly lower when calculated from debris subtracted histograms (7.8% versus 11.4%). Cytokeratin gated and debris subtracted SPF values both had a greater degree of correlation than ungated values with clinicopathologic factors of known prognostic significance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Multiparametric deoxyribonucleic acid and cell cycle analysis of breast carcinomas by flow cytometry. Clinicopathologic correlations. 169 Mar 16

The authors report a case of repeated brain metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a 70-year-old male, who had underwent liver segmentectomy for HCC 5 years earlier. He developed intracerebral hemorrhage in the right parietal region, which was considered to be intratumoral because the metastatic tumor was detected in the same region. Total removal of the tumor and hepatic artery embolization followed by ethanol injection for recurrent HCC were performed. One month later, a metastatic tumor was discovered in the upper vermis and was totally removed. Both metastatic brain tumors were histologically verified as Edmondson grade 2 HCC. Four months later, multiple metastases to the left frontal region and the upper vermis occurred, and he died of pneumonia. Brain metastasis from HCC is rare; nine such cases have been reported in the literature, of which eight cases developed intracranial hemorrhage as in the present case.
 ...
PMID:Intracranial hemorrhage due to brain metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma--case report. 170 53


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>