Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

5-S-cysteinyldopa has been demonstrated in the plasma of two patients with metastases of malignant melanoma and a high excretion rate of 5-S-cysteinyldopa in the urine. In one patient the plasma clearance of 5-S-cysteinyl dopa was 30 ml/min and in the other 69 ml/min. These clearance values were 43 and 45%, respectively, of the creatinine clearance in the two patients.
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PMID:5-S-cysteinyldopa in the plasma of melanoma patients and the renal clearance of this amino acid. 4 73

Nineteen biochemical parameters, most of which have been individually advocated as tumour-index-substances for breast cancer, were measured in 51 patients with breast disease, 42 of whom had active breast cancer. Seven of these parameters were raised in more than half of the 17 patients of the series with overt metastases; these were serum ferritin (88%), C-reactive protein (87%), carcinoembryonic antigen (81%), acid glycoprotein (75%), total alkaline phosphatase (64%), sialyl transferase (56%), andthe urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (73%). The incidence of biochemical abnormalities in patients in this group compared favourably with the results of physical methods of detecting metastases. 7 of 16 further patients without evidence of distant metastases, but who had a poor prognosis as judged by histology of the primary tumour and axillary lymph-nodes, had abnormalities of at least one of the seven parameters. 3 of these patients have relapsed within a year of mastectomy. The results suggest that these biochemical tests could assist in monitoring metastatic disease and could indicate at the time of mastectomy, patients who might benefit from immediate systemic therapy in addition to local treatment of their breast carcinomas.
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PMID:Biochemical markers in human breast cancer. 6 63

Ten patients with inoperable renal carcinoma underwent embolization of the renal artery. As embolic material homogenized autologous muscle was used. Besides conventional catheters introduced by the Seldinger technique also flow-directed balloon catheters were employed. The merely palliative purposes of embolization were staunching of otherwise untreatable hematuria in eight and reduction of tumor bulk in two cases. Bleeding could be stopped in all, tumor mass reduced in 6 patients as shown by control angiographies. There was always a recanalization of the renal arteries, the vascular tree, however, being much rarefied. Five patients died of the metastatic cancer within the first seven months after embolization, one patient three days after embolization due to phlegmonous retroperitoneal infection. Further complications consisted in flank pain, reversible rises of body temperature, blood pressure and serum creatinine levels. Thrombotic occlusion of deep veins occurred in two patients. The only true benefit of embolization for the patient consists in a relatively simple, fast and safe way to control an otherwise untreatable hemorrhage from inoperable renal carcinoma. Whether prolongation of survival can be reached remains doubtful in spite of a reduction of the tumor mass.
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PMID:[Transfemoral catheter embolization of inoperable kidney cancer]. 7 51

Hypercalcaemia is often associated with malignant disease. Causes of elevated serum-calcium levels in the absence of bony metastases include parathyroid-hormone production by the tumour, osteolytic factors made by the tumour, and coexistent primary hyperparathyroidism. By measuring nephrogenous cyclic-A.M.P. excretion to assess parathyroid-hormone function, we have determined the mechanism of such hypercalcaemia in 15 patients. Nephrogenous cyclic A.M.P. ranges from 0.05 to 2.40 mumol/g of creatinine in normal subjects, from 2.27 to 8.45 mumol/g in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, and from 0.50 to 1.30 mumol/g in patients with proven non-hyperparathyroid hypercalcaemia without malignancy. 9 patients (60%) with hypercalcaemia and malignancy had normal levels of nephrogenous cyclic A.M.P. (range 0.35-2.07 mumol/g creatinine). The other 6 (40%) had elevated nephrogenous cyclic A.M.P. (range 2.70-5.55 mumol/g) consistent with increased parathyroid-hormone secretion. Surgical exploration of the neck in these patients showed that the increased parathyroid-hormone secretion was secondary to primary hyperparathyroidism, not ectopic hyperparathyroidism. Thus, the data indicate that coexistent hyperparathyroidism may be common in patients with hypercalcaemia and malignancy and that the measurement of nephrogenous cyclic A.M.P. is very useful in identifying patients at risk for hyperparathyroidism.
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PMID:Primary hyperparathyroidism in paraneoplastic hypercalcaemia. 7 31

Plasma hCT levels were less than 50 pg/ml in 50 normal subjects. In 16 patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT), plasma hCT levels were distinctively elevated and they fell significantly after total thyroidectomy, but in 11 of them plasma levels were still high, indicating the presence of metastases. In 74 patients with the other types of malignancy, plasma hCT levels were found to be high in 9 cases (3 oat cell carcinoma of the lung, 4 malignant carcinoids, one malignant pheochromocytoma and one acute myelocytic leukemia). Except for the leukemic case, all these tumors were derived from neural crest. In 12 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, plasma hCT levels were less than 20 pg/ml. In 13 hypoparathyroid patients, two with pseudohypoparathyroidism and one with pseudoidiopathic hypoparathyroidism, plasma hCT levels were slightly elevated. Some patients with uremia had elevated plasma hCT levels, but there was no relation between plasma levels of hCT and those of PTH, urea nitrogen or creatinine. In response to Ca (4.5 mg/kg/10 min) or tetragastrin (4 mug/kg/5 min) infusion, a marked increase in plasma hCT was observed in all patients with MCT, but not in normal subjects. In 5 hypoparathyroid patients, a significant increase to both stimuli was also observed in all cases. Two patients with pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism responded to the Ca load. These results indicate that the determination of plasma hCT levels especially after a short Ca or tetragastrin infusion is important to study various pathological conditions.
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PMID:Plasma human calcitonin (hCT) levels in normal and pathologic conditions, and their responses to short calcium or tetragastrin infusion. 19 Dec 50

Urinary hydroxyproline (HP) excretion has been estimated without prior dietary restriction in 33 patients with carcinoma of the prostate and expressed as either 24-h HP output or as the hydroxyproline/creatinine (HP/Cr) ratio in 24-h urine sample, an early morning urine sample or a spot urine sample. The early morning urine hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (EMU HP/Cr) appears to be the most accurate and avoids the disadvantages of formal dietary restriction and prolonged urine collection. The rest is useful in monitoring the responses to treatment of a patient with bony metastatic disease and relapse of a patient when his tumour ceases to be hormone sensitive. Furthermore, changes in EMU HP/Cr occur earlier than changes in other clinical or investigative variables, giving the test predictive value.
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PMID:Urinary hydroxyproline excretion in carcinoma of the prostate. A comparison of 4 different modes of assessment and its role as a marker. 53 43

Despite the high frequency of skeletal metastases from cancer of the prostate, hypercalcaemia is extremely uncommon in this condition. In two patients with advanced, poorly differentiated metastasizing cancer a fairly uniform clinical picture developed, with anaemia, leukocytosis, increased serum creatinine, thrombocytopenia, elevated alkaline and acid phosphatase levels and symptoms secondary to hypercalcaemia. The development of more effective agents against cancer of the prostate will probably afford longer palliation, but evidently at a risk of severe metabolic disturbances in the preterminal state.
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PMID:Advanced cancer of the prostate combined with hypercalcaemia. 59 76

Patients with breast cancer and bone destruction were found to have a pattern of calcium metabolism which was broadly similar to that found in other malignancies, but different from that in primary hyperparathyroidism. Thus, they tended to have reduced absorption of calcium from the intestine, elevated endogenous faecal calcium and normal or reduced urinary cyclic AMP excretion. Since prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors have been shown to inhibit breast cancer-induced osteolysis in vitro we have attempted to reduce bone destruction and serum calcium in patients with hypercalcaemia complicating breast cancer using these agents. High doses failed to reduce the serum calcium or the urinary hydroxyproline: creatinine ratio in ten patients with skeletal metastases, four of whom had hypercalcaemia.
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PMID:Calcium metabolism in breast cancer. 87 Sep 1

Twenty-six patients with far-advanced epidermoid carcinoma of the head and neck were treated with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (DDP) in high doses, utilizing the technique of concurrent mannitol-induced diuresis. All 26 patients had received prior radical radiotherapy to local disease, 14 had had major ablative surgical procedures, and all but five had been previously treated with chemotherapy. Responses were as follows (duration in months): two complete (2+, 6+), six partial (1, 2, 3, 4, 5+, 8+), ten minor (all but one less than 1.5), and eight no change or progression. Responses were seen in primary tumors, neck nodes, and pulmonary metastases. Nausea and vomiting were seen consistently in all patients but were never dose-limiting. Myelosuppression was mild, with only three patients developing platelet counts less than 50,000/mm3 and no patient with a wbc count less than 2000/mm3. Transient elevations of serum creatinine were common but no patient developed peak levels greater than 2 mg/dl. Transient tinnitus was also common although only four patients developed clinically significant hearing loss during the trial and DDP could be definitely implicated in only one instance. DDP in this dose and schedule is thus effective and safe therapy in a very heavily pretreated group of patients with advanced head and neck cancer and is now being used in combination with other agents in the initial treatment of these patients.
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PMID:CIS-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in the treatment of epidermoid carcinoma of the head and neck. 87 36

In 181 consecutive patients with breast cancer, urinary hydroxyproline excretion has been critically evaluated in conjunction with clinical, biochemical, radiological and scintigraphic parameters. The urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio is a sensitive index of the presence of bone metastases. Urinary hydroxyproline excretion is a reliable method of selecting those patients whose elevated serum alkaline phosphatase is secondary to bone disease rather than liver idsease. The estimation of hydroxyproline excretion furthermore gives information on the activity of bone metastasis, and its response to treatment, which cannot be given by radiological or scintigraphic methods. It is doubtful whether urinary hydroxyproline estimation will help to detect bone metastases before they are apparent on scintigrams. When the bone scan is doubtful, as often occurs in older subjects, hydroxyproline excretion has been found to be helpful in classifying the patient. When scintigraphy is not available, an elevation of hydroxyproline excretion, together with an elevation of Ca/cr ratio or alkaline phosphatase activity, may pre-date by several months the radiological demonstration of osseous metastases.
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PMID:Relevance of hydroxyproline excretion to bone metastasis in breast cancer. 97 1


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