Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

beta-Cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) in free and liposome encapsulated form was administered to Wistar rats by intratracheal institution. Free [3H]Ara-C administered in this manner rapidly left the lung and entered the systemic circulation. Liposome-encapsulated [3H]Ara-C persisted in the lung for a long period, with little redistribution to other tissues. Liposomes administered via the trachea became widely distributed throughout the lung air spaces, as evidenced by the histochemical localization of liposomes containing horse-radish peroxidase. Free Ara-C (5 mg/kg) administered into the trachea effectively suppressed macromolecular incorporation of [14C]thymidine ([14C]dThd) in the bone marrow and gut as well as in the lung. Liposome-encapsulated Ara-C (5 mg/kg) effectively suppressed macromolecular incorporation of [14C]dThd in the lung but had little effect on this process in the gut and bone marrow. Our results suggest that liposome-encapsulated Ara-C may be able to produce a local pharmacologic effect within the lung without producing adverse side effects in other tissues. This observation may be relevant to the chemotherapy of pulmonary metastases.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1979 Sep
PMID:Organ-selective action of an antitumor drug: pharmacologic studies of liposome-encapsulated beta-cytosine arabinoside administered via the respiratory system of the rat. 28 32

The level of serum amyloid A, a protein previously found to behave as an acute-phase reactant, was measured by a radioimmunoassay in 621 patients with various neoplastic diseases free of inflammatory processes. In all but eight of the 289 patients with solid tumors with distant metastases, in all patients with myelocytic leukemia with high leukocyte counts, and in all patients with advanced lymphoma, the serum amyloid A level was above 400 ng/mL. It was below this value in all tested patients with lymphocytic leukemia and in 250 of 270 patients with solid malignant tumors with localized or regional disease. Among the 20 patients from this latter group with levels higher than 400 ng/mL, 16 developed distant metastases within 214 days from the initial measurement. The serum amyloid A level decreased significantly in patients with lymphoma and those with metastatic solid tumors who responded to chemotherapy. Thus the level of serum amyloid A can be used as a biochemical marker that discriminates between disseminated and localized or regional disease, and monitors the response to therapy.
Ann Intern Med 1979 Sep
PMID:Serum amyloid A to monitor cancer dissemination. 28 3

In 93 reported cases of metastatic basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 76 had spread through lymphatics or blood vessels. Two more cases are presented, bringing the total to 78. Metastasis to regional lymph nodes was the most frequent, followed in frequency by lungs, bones, and other organs. The size of the primary tumor, its site, its resistance to x-ray therapy, and the effects of radiation appeared to contribute to the occurrence of metastasis. However, in an appreciable number of cases, tumor dissemination was related to incomplete excision followed by immediate wound closure, particularly by grafting. It is recommended that wound grafting be delayed for at least six months after excision or large or recurrent BCC in order to assure complete removal.
Arch Dermatol 1977 Sep
PMID:Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: review, pathogenesis, and report of two cases. 33 91

This report is the result of an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) study. Four hundred and 15 patients with inoperable metastatic malignant melanoma, excluding those with cutaneous metastases only, were randomized to one of three drug treatments: DTIC alone, methyl-CCNU alone, or the combination DTIC plus methyl-CCNU. Responses were seen in 14% of DTIC patients (19/127), 15% of methyl-CCNU patients (18/119) and 14% of DTIC plus methyl-CCNU patients (18/122). Duration of response was the same (14 weeks) for all three treatment groups. There was no difference among the treatments in achieving complete responses. Survival was improved significantly for responders (50 weeks) compared with nonresponders (15 weeks) regardless of treatment regimen. Toxicities were generally tolerable. DTIC caused significantly more gastrointestinal toxicity than methyl-CCNU. Methyl-CCNU caused significantly more bone marrow toxicity than DTIC. There were three drug-related deaths. All occurred in patients on combination DTIC plus methyl-CCNU. Important pretreatment characteristics that favor response are ambulatory status, female, less than 50 years old, no prior chemotherapy and no liver or brain metastases. Patients with favorable characteristics combinations had a 30% response rate, while those with unfavorable characteristic combinations had only a 9% response rate.
Cancer 1977 Sep
PMID:Results with methyl-CCNU and DTIC in metastatic melanoma. 33 19

Subcellular fractions of mice thymocytes were used for sensitization of rabbits. The antisera were examined for their immunosuppressive potency in vivo by allogeneic murine tumor metastases system and on skingraft survival and in vitro by leukocyte agglutination tests. The results indicated that the most potent immunosuppressive antisera was that against the second fraction (Fr. 2) of the detergent soluble endoplasmic reticulum fraction from thymocytes.
Jpn J Surg 1977 Sep
PMID:Studies on the effects of heterologous antisera against subcellular thymocyte fraction. 33 45

In animal tumor systems, all three major treatment modalities, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, may increase the incidence of metastases in the presence of circulating viable tumor cells. In breast cancer patients, selected studies can be found which report an increased incidence of metastases after surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy, but these effects appear to exert little influence on overall survival. Caution is advised in using systemic therapy prior to effective primary tumor cytoreductive treatment. Clinical trials in advanced local disease should be done to test this concern. Minimal surgery, loco-regional radiotherapy, and effective adjuvant systemic therapy may result in the improved survival of patients with breast cancer with minimal functional or cosmetic impairment.
Cancer Treat Rep 1978 Sep
PMID:Effect of primary treatment modality on the metastatic pattern of mammary carcinoma. 35 82

In the past, pleural disease has been uncommon, generally limited to infection derived from underlying pulmonary involvement or the result of local neoplastic invasion or hematogenous metastases. The deep, protected location of the lung's mesothelial surface provides insufficient defense against environmentally derived very fine biologically active inorganic particles, and a new set of abnormalities--pleural plaques, fibrosis, unique calcification, malignancy (mesothelioma), benign asbestotic effusion--have introduced problems of pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, and therapy. These changes are becoming frequent among individuals who were exposed to asbestos more than 20 years ago. Occupational exposure (direct and indirect), and in some cases environmental exposure (household contacts of asbestos-exposed workers and factory neighborhood residents), have been associated with higher prevalence of radiographically evident pleural abnormalities. What effects such changes will have on morbidity and mortality rates is incompletely understood.
Fed Proc 1978 Sep
PMID:Pleural reactions to environmental agents. 35 81

The radionuclide liver scan is a valuable study for detection of hepatic metastases; however, it has a false-negative rate of between 10 and 30%. In a double-blind study involving 377 patients, we assessed the value of CEA assay as an adjunct to liver scanning for detection of hepatic metastases. Fifty-seven patients studied by both methods were ultimately proven to have liver metastases. All patients with CEA levels above 9 ng/ml and focal defects on liver scan had hepatic tumor involvement, while only 4 of 291 patients with CEA values less than 9 ng/ml and negative scans were later shown to have liver metastases. CEA and liver scan results were discordant for 29 patients with proven hepatic metastases: the radionuclide study was positive in 21 cases with false-negative CEA results, while the CEA assay suggested the presence of metastatic disease in eight of the 12 patients with false-negative liver scans.
Cancer 1978 Sep
PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen assay: an adjunct to liver scanning in hepatic metastases detection. 36 Dec 1

One hundred twenty patients with metastatic malignant melanoma were randomized to receive either cyclophosphamide, 600 mg/m2 IV, on day 1 plus DTIC 200 mg/m2 IV days 1 through 5, or the same chemotherapy plus C. parvum 5 mg/m2 IV on day 8 and day 15. Therapy was repeated every 21 days. Although responses were observed in 13.8% of patients on cyclophosphamide plus DTIC versus 25.5% of patients on cyclophosphamide plus DTIC plus C. parvum, the median duration of remission was 15.6 weeks on chemotherapy and 13.0 weeks on chemotherapy plus C. parvum. Furthermore, survival was similar on both regimens (6.1 months versus 5.7 months, respectively). Favorable prognostic factors included metastatic disease confined to skin or lymph nodes (33% responses), performance status greater than 70% (24% response rate), and administration of three or more courses of chemotherapy (31% response rate). The dose limiting toxicity was myelosuppression, which was equal on both regimens. Chills and fever were common in response to C. parvum, and, rarely hypotension, cyanosis, or immune nephritis was observed. The addition of C. parvum to chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide plus DTIC is not recommended.
Cancer 1979 Sep
PMID:Cyclophosphamide plus 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)-imidazole-4-carboxamide (DTIC) with or without Corynebacterium parvum in metastatic malignant melanoma. 38 76

There is a relatively long delay in diagnosis of malignant tumors of the small bowel and operation is often carried out too late. These tumors cause symptoms in about 90% of the cases (according to our own experiences in 20 of 21 cases). In the discussion of the symptoms there is a description given that might be a help for "earlier thinking of it". Anamnesis and exploratory laparotomy are of paramount importance for the diagnosis in time. Operation carried out in time leeds to a relatively favourable prognosis. Out of 5 patients who did not have metastases at the time of operation there are 3 alive for longer than 8 years post operationem. From the German literature of the past 10 years (288 cases) the following data were subsumized in a table: radical resection, operation mortality, 5-year-survival, delay of diagnosis, ileus/perforation, diagnosis by barium studies of the small bowel.
Fortschr Med 1979 Sep 06
PMID:[Primary small-intestinal neoplasms. Discussion of own experiences and of the literature]. 38 70


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