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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The S-phase fraction (SPF), defined as the number of cells per hundred that showed evidence of nuclear DNA synthesis detectable by autoradiography after in vitro incubation with tritiated thymidine, was measured in 170 primary, invasive carcinomas of the breast. Assay for estrogen receptor was performed on tissue from 129 carcinomas, and 34 were also assayed for progesterone receptor. The concentration of estradiol-17 beta was measured in the serum of 69 patients. All carcinomas were analyzed for a variety of histologic features and were classified into morphologic types. SPF were lognormally distributed and were negatively correlated with the patient's age and presence of estrogen receptor, but not with presence of progesterone receptor, size of the carcinoma, number of axillary nodal metastases, or concentration of estradiol-17 beta in serum. The SPFs of lobular, mucinous, and tubular carcinomas were consistently low (geometric mean 1.2, range 0.05 to 3.55), and the SPFs of medullary and atypical medullary carcinomas were consistently high (geometric mean 14.0, range 7.77 to 20.2), whereas carcinomas of other types (not otherwise specified) had an intermediate geometric mean (4.7) and a broad range (0.09 to 25.4). The carcinomas that were not otherwise specified could be divided into three groups with different geometric mean SPFs by nuclear morphologic criteria (1.2 for minimal atypicality, 3.5 for moderate, and 7.9 for severe). Therefore it is possible to sort breast carcinomas histologically into groups with low, intermediate, and high SPF. Correlations between SPF, estrogen receptor content, and microscopic morphology indicate the existence of distinctive subpopulations of breast carcinoma that may have epidemiologic and therapeutic importance.
Lab Invest 1978 Sep
PMID:Subpopulations of breast carcinoma defined by S-phase fraction, morphology, and estrogen receptor content. 21 52

Sixteen patients with abdominal neuroblastoma had 99m Technetium Phosphate Compounds (99m TC-PC) bone scans as a preoperative evaluation for metastatic disease. Ten patients (62%) had extraosseous tumor uptake while six patients (38%) did not. There was no difference in the incidence of tumor calcification, tumor necrosis or hydronephrosis in the two groups. However, VMA levels were significantly higher in the group with extraosseous tumor uptake. Various bone seeking radionuclides are compared to 99m TC-PC and possible mechanism for extraosseous uptake of such radionuclides are postulated. Awareness of the frequency of such uptake should reduce the possibility of errors in the interpretation of bone scans in patients with neuroblastoma.
Pediatr Radiol 1978 Sep 26
PMID:Extraosseous tumor uptake of 99m technetium phosphate compounds in children with abdominal neuroblastoma. 21 61

CT can clearly demonstrate dilation of intra- and extra-hepatic bile ducts due to mechanical obstruction. Note is made that the intrahepatic bile must not necessarily participate in dilation in obstructive jaundice. The cause in 27 cases observed in our institutions was as follows: 16 pancreatic tumors; 1 stone; 2 extrahepatic bile duct obstructions; 4 liver lesions (tumor and cirrhosis) and 4 with cause unknown. Furthermore, CT is helpful in the evaluation of hepatogenic non-obstructive jaundice such as due to primary liver cell carcinoma (hepatoma), metastases to the liver and advanced cirrhosis of the liver. The value of CT in the evaluation of different types of cholestasis is demonstrated by several exemplary cases; and the problems of differential diagnosis are pointed out.
Radiologe 1979 Sep
PMID:[Computerized tomography in the evaluation (author's transl)]. 22 56

A total of 33 specimens of human gastric carcinoma were used for transplantation into nude mice. Initital tumor "take" was accomplished in 15 of the 33 tumors, and the transplantability rate was 45.5%. Transplantability correlated with histologic type, but not with clinical stage or Borrmann's classification. The transplantability rate of differentiated carcinomas, such as well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, and papillary adenocarcinoma was greater than that of poorly differentiated tumors, such as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma. The growth patterns of transplanted tumors were divided into 3 types: rapid, slow, and persistent. There were no specific relationships between growth pattern and histologic type. All histologic types, except signet ring cell carcinoma, could be transplanted serially. Tumor growth became rapid after serial transfer. However, the original histology of these tumors was unchanged. No invasion or metastases were encountered. Intraperitoneal injection of a tumor cell suspension, prepared from subcutaneous transplants of a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of Borrmann type III, grew in an ascites form, with invasion and metastasis. Ascitic fluid accumulated within 3--6 weeks after injection. Subsequently, intravenous injection of ascites fluid produced metastases in nude mice. The histology of the subcutaneous tumor was similar to that of the original tumor from the patient.
World J Surg 1979 Sep 20
PMID:Heterotransplantation of human gastric carcinomas into nude mice. 22 54

Alpha lactalbumin, a good marker of functional differentiation, has been demonstrated in 51 of a 100 human breast carcinomas examined using the immunoperoxidase technique. There is no relationship between production of alpha lactalbumin and histological differentiation, and the absence or presence of lymph-node metastases.
J Pathol 1979 Sep
PMID:The demonstration of alpha lactalbumin in human breast carcinomas. 23 Mar 30

The present investigation endeavors to characterize the mucosubstance content of 170 myxoid and chondromatous tumors and chordomas by histochemical methods. The results obtained using the critical electrolyte concentration (CEC) method as introduced by Scott and co-workers23,24 were compared with those obtained by staining with alcian blue and toluidine blue at different pH's with and without pretreatment with bovine testicular hyaluronidase. Tissues known biochemically to contain different heteroglycans were used as controls: synovial fluid and cock's comb (hyaluronic acid) stained with alcian blue up to a MgCl2 concentration of 0.1 M; fetal cartilage (chondroitin 4- and 6-sulphate) pulposus with notochordal remnants (keratan sulphate) up 10 1.0 M. The staining reaction of intramuscular myxoma and myxoid liposarcoma corresponded to that of synovial fluid and cock's comb (containing hyaluronic acid). Benign chondromatous tumors (osteochondroma, enchondroma, extraskeletal chondroma, chondromatosis in bursae, synovia, and tendon) as well as well-differentiated chondrosarcomas had a similar staining reaction to that of adult cartilage (containing keratan sulphate). However, the intensity of the reaction was lower in these tumors than in the adult cartilage, indicating that the keratan sulphate content of the tumors is lower. Most of the moderately well-differentiated chondrosarcomas, the poorly differentiated chondrosarcomas, and pulmonary metastases of chondrosarcoma, as well as mesenchymal chondrosarcoma and extra-skeletal chondrosarcoma possessed the same staining properties as fetal cartilage, known to contain chondroitin 4- and 6-sulphate but not keratan sulphate. A few of the moderately well-differentiated chondrosarcomas stained up to a MgCl2 concentration of 1.0 M. Three cases of poorly differentiated chondrosarcomas stained with alcian blue up to 0.35-0.45 M in the lowest differentiated areas, indicating the presence of sulphated heteroglycans, as chondroitin 4- and 6-sulphate. Most chordomas possessed the same staining properties as fetal cartilage; however, a few chordomas stained in the same way as notochordal remnants of nucleus pulposus (containing keratan sulphate), which are thought to be the origin of these tumors. The results of staining of the tumors in the present series with the Scott technique corresponds well with toluidine blue and alcian blue at different pH's with and without pretreatment of the sections with testicular hyaluronidase. Since bone and soft tissue tumors may contain varying mucosubstances depending on the tissue of origin and on differentiation, histochemical investigation of the heteroglycan content of these tumors may be a valuable diagnostic aid.
Cancer 1975 Sep
PMID:Histochemical characterization of mucosubstances in bone and soft tissue-tumors. 24 81

Eight patients with multiple oral dysplastic epithelial lesions were followed by clinical examinations and serial biopsies for periods varying from four to 22 years. The dysplasias and in situ carcinomas were characterized by persistence, recurrence, and eventual progression to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. It could not be determined whether dysplasia and in situ carcinoma were separate clinical-pathologic entities with similar end points or whether they were part of a continuum in a spectrum of epithelial neoplasia. The need for close clinical observation and local excision was emphasized because of the multiplicity of lesions and because of the protracted clinical course. Treatment of these patients was problematic because of similarities of the disease to lichen planus. It is possible that they had a premalignant disease process that mimicked lichen planus, or that they had an unusual form of lichen planus for which criteria have not been established. The progressive nature of the disease was exemplified by one death, one patient with cervical metastasis, and one with generalized remote metastatic disease.
J Oral Surg 1977 Sep
PMID:Oral dysplasia and in situ carcinoma: clinicopathologic correlations of eight patients. 26 62

In nearly 90% of lymphatic disseminations, metastasis of carcinomata of the oral cavity follows the normal regional anatomy of the efferent lymphatic system, and usually manifests itself in three homolateral filtering groups. More than 90% of lymphatic metastases occur in the first year following diagnosis of the primary tumour. Such a sequence may be regarded as "regular" metastasis. Anatomical variations and metastasis-induced or therapy-induced blockage of the efferent lymphatic system can change the pattern of metastasis to "irregular". The present studies are specially directed towards recurrence of metastasis, lymphangiosis blastomatosa, the so-called late metastasis as well as the problem of branchiogenic carcinoma. The explanation of clinical aspects has been substantiated with topographic-anatomical and histological findings as well as experience gained in lymphography and lymphoscintigraphy of the cervical lymphatic system.
J Maxillofac Surg 1977 Sep
PMID:Irregular cervical dissemination of tumours of the maxillo-facial region. 26 84

Over a three year period, 28 children or young adults up to 20 years of age underwent 60 thoracotomies for pulmonary metastatic osteogenic sarcoma. These patients also received adjuvant chemotherapy. Sixteen of the 28 patients are currently alive and 13 of these are free of disease. The patients have been followed for 6 to 48 months after the initial thoracotomy; median survival is 25 months. Actuarial survival curves produced a 4 year survival of 57%. Although a tumor-free interval of more than 1 year greatly enhanced survival, three patients survived with tumor-free interval of 6 months or less. Patients with disease confined to one lobe at the initial thoracotomy did very well, and yet survivors were seen when disease involved more than one lobe or was bilateral. An aggressive surgical approach toward the pulmonary metastases thus appears to be justified.
Surgery 1978 Sep
PMID:Resection of pulmonary metastatic osteogenic sarcoma in children. 27 30

Thirty C3H-AvyfB male mice from 3 to 15 months of age were killed, and the genesis of their hepatocellular neoplasms was studied. As the mice aged, the number of tumors per liver and mean diameter of the tumors increased. Histologically, the smallest tumors were composed of solid sheets of cells and were better differentiated than the largest tumors. Small foci of hepatocytes in prominent trabeculae formation was a common characteristic of large tumors. In addition, 18 metastatic hepatocellular carcinomas observed in aged C3H-AvyfB, C3HfC, C3H, C3HfB, (C3HfB x YBR)F1, or C57BL/6 mice were also included for a morphologic study of their primary and metastatic lesions. Invariably, the pulmonary metastases were composed of a well-differentiated sheet of hepatocytes that resembled those in the solid liver tumors. The smallest hepatocellular neoplasms appear to represent early stages in the development of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1978 Sep
PMID:Evaluation of hepatocellular neoplasms in mice. 27 58


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