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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The relation between estrogen- and progesterone-binding receptors and the metastatic behavior of breast carcinoma was examined by reviewing autopsy findings in 25 subjects with metastatic breast cancer at Johns Hopkins Hospital for whom the results of estrogen- and/or progesterone-binding assays were available. Regardless of receptor status, patients treated with hormone therapy had prolonged survival (p less than 0.05), but had greater tumor burden at autopsy (p less than 0.05). The distributions of metastases differed for receptor-positive versus receptor-negative tumors. Estrogen-positive tumors metastasized more frequently to thyroid and/or parathyroid glands (p less than 0.01). Estrogen-negative tumors metastasized more extensively to the leptomeninges (p less than 0.01). Progesterone-positive tumors metastasized more frequently to myocardium (p less than 0.01), small bowel (p less than 0.01), urothelial structures (p less than 0.05), and thyroid and/or parathyroid glands (p less than 0.05). These differences in the distributions of metastases may reflect different tissue preferences in metastasizing breast carcinoma cells with estrogen- and/or progesterone-binding receptors. In this regard, perhaps patients with estrogen-negative tumors should be monitored closely for the development of carcinomatous meningitis, because this form of central nervous system involvement is a frequent cause of death among patients with breast carcinoma.
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PMID:Estrogen and progesterone receptors in prediction of metastatic behavior of breast carcinoma. 669 51

Receptor assay results were compared with the ultrastructure of 127 breast cancers (112 primary tumors, six recurrent lesions, nine metastases). Tumors were considered to be receptor positive if the receptor levels were greater than or equal to 15 fmol/mg of soluble tissue protein. Most breast cancer had heterogenous cells with different grades of ultrastructural differentiation. a prevalence of well-differentiated cancer cells and an abundance of intracytoplasmic vacuoles had a significant correlation with a positive estrogen receptor status. The correlation was better than between malignancy grades and receptor content. The type of breast cancer and the menopausal status bore no relation to receptor content. Progesterone receptors were found in well-differentiated tumors of low malignancy.
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PMID:Correlations of the receptor content and ultrastructure of breast cancer cells. 712 99

Biopsy specimens obtained from 150 women with primary, untreated endometrial carcinoma were investigated prospectively to determine the content of estrogen and progsterone receptors (E2 and PR). The investigation hoped to discover whether in vivo results of progesterone treatment of recurrent metastases correlated with in vitro occurrence of E2R and PR. At various intervals, 13 patients who had developed metastases despite routine surgical and radiation therapy were treated with gestagens (Depo-Provera or Proluton-Depot for 3-5 times weekly). 8 of the women, aged 61-71 years, proved E2R positive (greater than 10 fmol/mg of cytosolprotein), 2 had no PR, and the remaining 6 had PR concentrations from 7-892 fmol. 7 responded clinically to gestagen therapy (poorly differentiated tumors in 3 and moderately differetiated in 4). 5 of the cases (aged 50-84 years) were E2R negative; they had no PR, did not respond to gestagen therapy, and died after 2-8 months (2 poorly differentiated and 3 moderately). Therefore, hormone receptor tests in endometrial cancer do seem clinically predictive of outcome of gestagen treatment.
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PMID:Do estrogen and progesterone receptors (E2R and PR) in metastasizing endometrial cancers predict the response to gestagen therapy? 740 52

A 57-year-old female was admitted for right breast tumor. Modified radical mastectomy (Kodama method) was carried out. A prophylactic postoperative radiation was undertaken because of large tumor (T4b) and histologic metastasis to a Rotter's lymph node. At the end of irradiation, bilateral lung metastases were found on chest CT gram. The combination endocrine chemotherapy using MPA 600 mg and UFT 3 capsules p.o. daily and ADM 10 or 20 mg i.v. every two weeks was performed on an outpatient basis. As the lung metastases were increased four months later, carboplatin 150 mg i.v. was replaced with ADM. Four months later, the metastases almost disappeared on CT gram. These results suggested the possibility of one of the therapeutic options for metastatic breast cancer.
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PMID:[A case of bilateral multiple lung metastases from breast cancer successfully treated with carboplatin]. 788 49

This paper presents a case with lung metastases from breast cancer. Complete response was obtained by combined chemoendocrine therapy with 5'-DFUR and MPA. The patient was a 62-year-old female. She underwent a standard radical mastectomy in April, 1988. The primary legion was ER (-) and PgR (-). Postoperative treatments using CMF and CAF were eventually discontinued owing to profound damage to the bone marrow. An adjuvant chemotherapy with UFT has been employed since. Two years and 7 months later, hemosputum and coughing appeared, and metastases to the lung were revealed. Combined chemoendocrine therapy with 5'-DFUR and MPA was undertaken. A significant decrease in tumor size was observed 3 months after the chemoendocrine therapy was begun, and complete response was obtained at the 8th month. The state has been maintained for one year and 9 months. The use of combined chemoendocrine therapy with 5'-DFUR and MPA in patients for whom intensive chemotherapy is not possible due to damage to bone marrow function is considered effective for its antitumor effects or maintaining patients' quality of life.
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PMID:[A case of complete response of breast cancer with pulmonary metastases to combination therapy of 5'-DFUR and MPA]. 797 28

A 53-year-old female with peritoneal metastasis of breast cancer was treated with hyperthermia with chemotherapy. One course consisted of THP 60 mg and FT 400 mg/iv (day 1), CPM 100 mg and MPA 800 mg/daily/po) with RF heating of hyperthermia monthly. After completion of 10 courses of this regimen, ascites completely disappeared and peritoneal metastases were not found observed in any peritoneal cavity with abdominal CT and ultrasound. Peritoneal metastasis of breast cancer was one of the worst reactions with any therapy. The patient has been living for about four years without any signs of recurrence, with the tumor markers within the normal range after surgery. Thermochemotherapy seems a very promising treatment modality for peritoneal metastasis of breast cancer.
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PMID:[A case of peritoneal metastasis of breast cancer successfully treated by multidisciplinary therapy with hyperthermia therapy]. 800 23

The efficacy of tamoxifen (TAM) was compared to that of progestins (medroxyprogesterone acetate, MPA, and megestrol acetate, MA) in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women by a quantitative analysis of the results of published randomized clinical trials. Seven studies involving a total of 801 subjects compared TAM with MPA. Overall, the frequency of complete and partial response was 9 and 18%, respectively, in the women treated with TAM, versus 9 and 28% in those given MPA. Considering complete and partial responses together, the frequency of response was 29% in the TAM group and 39% in the MPA group, the corresponding pooled odds ratio (OR) of response being 1.5 (95% confidence interval, CI, 1.1-2.0). The median duration of response was greater in the TAM-treated patients; however, the difference was small (14 vs. 11 months). The probability of response to MPA treatment was about 3-fold higher compared with the response to TAM treatment in the subgroup with bone metastases (OR 3.4), and 2-fold higher in the subgroup with visceral metastases (OR 2.2), but the difference in the OR estimates was not statistically significant. The response to the two drugs was similar in the subgroup with metastases in soft tissues. Four studies compared TAM with MA, taking in 463 subjects. The overall frequency of complete and partial response was 35% in the patients who received TAM compared with 29% in those treated with MA. The corresponding pooled OR was 0.8 (95% CI 0.5-1.1). Analysis of the results according to site of metastases revealed no significant difference in the frequency of complete or partial response in the two treatment groups.
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PMID:Treatment with tamoxifen and progestins for metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women: a quantitative review of published randomized clinical trials. 823 91

The development and growth of gynecological cancers are related to steroid hormone actions. Alternatively, this prompts us to study biological contribution of sex steroids for invasion and metastasis in gynecological cancers. The first step of metastasis is the detachment of tumor cells. The adherens junction forms a main cell-to-cell junctional complex, mainly consisting of E-cadherin, alpha- and beta-catenins, etc. Estrogen suppressed the expression of their mRNAs, and the adhesive function of cells via adherens junction in endometrial cancer cells. Progestin and danazol reversed the estrogen-induced suppression. Estrogen enhanced invasiveness of endometrial cancer cells though the reconstituted basement membrane and interstitium using the Boyden chamber. Progestin reduced the estrogen-induced invasiveness. The final step of metastasis is tumor-derived neovascularization for growth of metastatic cancer cells. Progestin inhibited basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF) activity, which mainly contribute to tumor-derived neovascularization, regardless of growth-inhibition in some endometrial cancers. Progestin inhibits basic FGF in well-differentiated (WD) endometrial cancer cells, but not in poorly differentiated (PD) endometrial cancer cells. TNP470, a inhibitor of vessel endothelial proliferation, inhibited directly basic FGF in the PD. Therefore, the adequate combination therapy of progestin and TNP470 could efficiently inhibit angiogenic potential of heterologous endometrial cancers. The ratio of estrogen receptor exon 5 splicing variant (ER delta E5) to wild type-ER mRNA expression increased in some metastatic lesions of cancers. The dominant expression of ER delta E5 mRNA might be related to metastatic potential of gynecological cancers. Progesterone receptor from A (PR-A), initiated from in-frame AUG present in the PR from B (PR-B) mRNA, lacks the N-terminal 164 amino acids of PR-B, and acts as a progestin-dependent, trans-dominant repressor of PR-B function and other steroid receptor function. The expression of PR-B mRNA was dominantly expressed in all metastatic gynecological cancers given. This might be related to metastatic potential of gynecological cancers. To know tumorigenic potential of sex steroid receptors, ER, PR-A and PR-B genes were transfected to NIH3T3 cells. Transfected cells with PR-A gene alone formed a few colonies in double soft agar. On the other hand, the cells with PR-B and ER genes under the presence of estradiol formed plenty of colonies. Therefore, overexpression of PR-B under the absence of PR-A might be related to tumorigenic potential. In conclusion, estrogen could enhance some steps of metastasis in endometrial cancers, and progestin could inhibit the estrogen-induced events, regardless of growth-inhibition. Relative over-expression of ER exon 5 splicing variant, and PR-B might contribute to metastatic potential in gynecological cancers.
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PMID:[Endocrinological contribution for invasion and metastasis in gynecological cancers]. 880 31

A double complete and prolonged response of metastatic endometrial carcinoma to medroxyprogesterone is reported. A 61-year-old woman with metastatic endometrial carcinoma in lung and liver achieved a complete clinical response with medroxyprogesterone lasting for 2 years. She discontinued the therapy by herself and developed a pulmonary relapse, which disappeared after retreatment with the same hormonal therapy. At present, she is alive without evidence of disease 6 years after starting progestins for metastatic disease and 14 years after treatment of the primary tumor. Progestin therapy in metastatic endometrial carcinoma is discussed, emphasizing the factors predicting response.
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PMID:Metastatic endometrial cancer in lung and liver: complete and prolonged response to hormonal therapy with progestins. 1002 10

A 68-year-old female underwent radical mastectomy for left breast cancer in April, 1995. She was treated with conventional combination chemotherapy (CEF) before and after surgery as an adjuvant therapy. She was treated with oral tamoxifen (TAM) and/or medroxyprogesterone (MPA) and doxifluridine daily after surgery. In May, 1998, she was found to have developed a subcutaneous tumor of the head and skull-bone, and a meningeal metastasis. We treated her with 80 mg docetaxel (TXT) one time with radiation (total dose 50 Gy), and with 70 mg two times. After the combination therapy, she achieved partial remissions of the metastases and a decrease in serum CEA. Adverse reactions to TXT were grade 3 alopecia, grade 3 to 4 neutropenia, grade 2 to 3 stomatitis, and grade 2 diarrhea. All were tolerable and reversible. The combination therapy of radiation and TXT may be a good strategy for recurrent breast cancer.
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PMID:[A case of head metastases of breast cancer successfully treated with radiation therapy and docetaxel]. 1092 93


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